The Dilemma of Using Tools in Neuroscience

In neuroscience, the dilemma arises from the standpoint of scientists in using tools like Bayesian inference and predictive coding to study neural dynamics. While these tools help make sense of complex neural data and identify causal relations, the danger lies in viewing the developed models as ontological prescribers, leading to the map territory fallacy where the map is mistaken for the territory. By understanding that tools are only valuable for generating epistemic insights and not defining ontology, scientists can avoid this fallacy and acknowledge the inherent subjectivity in using computational theories in understanding the brain.