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What is Modern Paganism? - Ronald Hutton

Gresham College Lectures

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Understanding the Distinctions Between Paganism and Satanism

Effective Satanism requires embracing significant aspects of Christian cosmology, yet there is no organized Satanic religion in Britain. Instead, various intellectual groups admire Lucifer for his rebellion against God, while a broader segment comprised of rebellious teenagers and bikers use Satanic symbols to assert their defiance without any connection to paganism. Paganism and Satanism represent fundamentally incompatible worldviews and practices. Modern paganism in Britain is not a monolithic cult but an umbrella term encompassing a variety of religions, in stark contrast to the concept of a cult, which focuses on the veneration of a single entity. Although some critique paganism as an artificial revival of ancient traditions, many major religions, including Christianity, have similarly undergone revivals to return to their roots. Therefore, paganism can be viewed as having its own internal logic, judged by the impact it has on its followers and society; notably, it appears to result in minimal harm to either. Additionally, the complexity and diversity within paganism distinguish it from cult-like practices, reinforcing its status as a legitimate and multifaceted religious expression.

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