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Recognizing and Managing Delirium
Delirium manifests as acute confusion caused by a medical illness or its treatment, with varying presentations including hypoactive, hyperactive, or confusion states. It is likened to the 'lupus of psychiatry' due to its ability to mimic other conditions. Delirium can lead to quick deterioration with environmental changes. Clinicians should assess by ruling out life-threatening causes, reviewing vital signs, nursing notes, medications, infections like UTIs and ammonia, electrolyte imbalances, and withdrawal symptoms.