Optimizing Grid Infrastructure with Distributed Thermal Storage

The management of communication and control in energy systems can be addressed by leveraging time-of-use tariffs to make individual decisions. Integrating smart technology, like the Internet of Things, can facilitate coordination among multiple households for efficient grid operation. Deploying distributed thermal storage can help mitigate infrastructure challenges posed by growing heat pumps, decarbonized heating, and increased EV charging. While lithium-ion batteries are acclaimed, they have drawbacks such as material demands, degradation, cost, and lifespan, which present concerns for domestic use.