Ancient Egyptian architecture and engineering feats date back to the early Old Kingdom, with Edfu as one of the oldest constructions around 4,000 years ago. The Great Sphinx and the megalithic temples in front of it are considered among the oldest constructions in Egypt, despite no evidence of early occupation at the Giza Plateau. Stone tools, pottery, and bones survived and were used to transport, cut, and place stones in their architectural achievements. The Egyptians demonstrated mathematical understanding and advanced engineering skills in handling immense structures with the help of sand and water to move large statues. Despite the sophistication of ancient Egyptian achievements, other civilizations were also sophisticated, but the Egyptians left detailed records of their engineers and processes for future generations.
Graham Hancock, formerly a foreign correspondent for "The Economist," has been an international bestselling author for more than 30 years with a series of books, notably "Fingerprints of the Gods," "Magicians of the Gods" and "America Before," which investigate the controversial possibility of a lost civilization of the Ice Age destroyed in a global cataclysm some 12,000 years ago. Graham is the presenter of the hit Netflix documentary series "Ancient Apocalypse."
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Flint Dibble is an archaeologist at Cardiff University who has conducted field work and laboratory analyses around the Mediterranean region from Stone Age caves to Egyptian tombs to Greek and Roman cities. Flint enjoys sharing archaeology - from the nitty gritty to the grand - with people around the world. Subscribe to his YouTube channel, "Archaeology with Flint Dibble," or follow him on X/Twitter for behind-the-scenes deep dives into 21st century archaeology.
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