Exclusion Through Tradition

The upper patrician classes historically maintained strict exclusionary practices, creating environments devoid of Jewish presence across various institutions like private clubs, neighborhoods, and workplaces. This exclusivity was often justified by derogatory perceptions of Jews as 'coarse' or 'vulgar,' reflecting a deep-seated bias rather than outright animosity. Elite individuals organized their lives to avoid interactions with Jews, who were perceived as socially inferior. The acceptance of such exclusionary attitudes persisted, even amid relationships with figures who supported oppressive regimes, indicating a complex intertwining of social status and discriminatory beliefs.