Gluten can reach the brain without breaking down the gut junctions through a cross-reactive mechanism triggered by undigested proteins. When gluten is broken down into individual amino acids, there is no immune response. If gluten crosses the gut barrier while undigested, it can lead to immune reactions, the development of gluten sensitivity, and can cross the blood-brain barrier, causing brain inflammation without pain perception. This inflammation can impair nerve conductance, leading to difficulties in thinking, focusing, and concentration, which may manifest a few days later.

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