Paths to Socialism: A Debate within Marxism

Marxism debates whether all peoples follow a universal path to socialism or have diverse paths. Early Chinese communism believed in multiple paths to socialism, viewing minority groups as underdeveloped needing education before adopting modern family norms. They were hostile to traditional Chinese culture, waging a culture war against practices like ancestor worship and burial, and Mandarin Chinese was adopted over Cantonese. Early Chinese communism was anti-Chinese nationalist, contrasting with the current Chinese Communist Party's strong Chinese nationalist stance.