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Survival Favors the Adapted
Random mutation leads to variations in living organisms, illustrated by a litter of puppies showing different colors. Natural selection acts on these variations, favoring traits that enhance survival in specific environments. In scenarios where food sources are more accessible at night, black puppies thrive as they are less visible to predators, while white puppies face greater risks and ultimately perish. Over generations, this favoring of advantageous traits through natural selection results in a population that predominantly exhibits those traits—in this case, all dogs becoming black. Thus, natural selection is the mechanism through which advantageous adaptations spread within a population.