Discrete Energy States in Quantum Fields

In quantum fields, there exist a discrete set of higher energy states and orbitals despite the underlying continuous wave nature. Electrons tend to occupy lower energy states with definite shapes. Similar to plucking a violin string, quantum fields have vibrations with definite energies forming a discrete set. These discrete energy levels of quantum fields exhibit particle-like properties, including a minimum energy state interpreted as empty space and one quantum worth of energy resembling a single particle state.