Strong Type System and Modularity in Coding

Coding involves structuring the code in a way that the type system will catch mistakes, such as detecting two variables of the same type which can lead to confusion, emphasizing the importance of a strong type system. Additionally, modularity in coding involves using abstractions to replace components with similar interfaces, allowing for easy swapping of components. This modularity is highlighted in languages like OCaml through features like functors, which enable parameterizing modules over other modules, emphasizing the encapsulation and abstraction of code.