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Practical Implications of Plant-Based Meats on Cardiovascular Health
Plant-based meat alternatives have been linked to reductions in total and LDL cholesterol levels, particularly in studies that involve significant consumption of such products, typically at least one serving per day. However, studies with smaller meat intake reductions showed negligible changes in cholesterol levels. Blood pressure did not show significant changes across trials, potentially due to high sodium levels in certain products used in research. Notable reductions in ApoB levels were observed in some studies, with textured soy protein showing the most impressive results. Caloric equating in trials limited the impact on body weight while indicating slight reductions in some studies. The consistency of these findings hinges on the extent of meat replacement with plant-based options, with substantial reductions in LDL cholesterol reported—a decrease of about 10.8 mg/dL to 16 mg/dL evident with sufficient replacement. However, minimal changes are expected for individuals with lower meat consumption, underscoring the necessity of adequate contrast in dietary studies for conclusive outcomes.