The process of memory consolidation during sleep involves two key mechanisms. The first mechanism, memory translocation, occurs during deep non-REM sleep for fact-based memories. This process involves a combination of slow, powerful brainwaves and sleep spindles, which act as a file transfer mechanism shifting memories from short-term storage in the hippocampus to long-term storage in the cortex. The second mechanism, memory replay, involves the replaying of memory signatures at an accelerated speed during sleep. This replaying process helps solidify memories, particularly in the context of rats navigating mazes, by enhancing the consolidation of fact-based memories.

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