
Bank Notes
Bank Notes takes listeners deeper into insights and analysis from the New York Fed, told series by series.
Latest episodes

Nov 10, 2021 • 37min
Shaping (and Re-Shaping) What’s ‘Normal’
Betsy Levy Paluck is a Professor of Psychology and Public Affairs at Princeton University. She studies the way group norms are shaped and changed, including how social perceptions and networks can be used to influence behavior. In this episode of "Banking Culture Reform: Norms, Mindsets, and Decision-Making," Betsy explains – among other things -- why we’re really all just middle schoolers at heart.

Nov 10, 2021 • 38min
Understanding Behaviors in Context
David Grosse is responsible for conduct risk, culture and behavior at HSBC Global Banking and Markets. A long-time banker, he became convinced that understanding human behavior was central to understanding what was happening at a bank, and went back to school to earn an MSc in Behavioral Science. In this episode of "Banking Culture Reform: Norms, Mindsets, and Decision-Making," David tells us about his own experiences with context and group behaviors – including at rugby and soccer matches.

Nov 10, 2021 • 40min
Applying Neuroscience to the Workplace
Elizabeth “Zab” Johnson is a neuroscientist and the Executive Director of the Wharton Neuroscience Initiative at the University of Pennsylvania, where she harnesses insights from brain science to help understand and improve business outcomes. In this episode of "Banking Culture Reform: Norms, Mindsets, and Decision-Making," Zab helps us to better understand the neuroscience behind the behaviors and decisions that we see, and shares how practices like perspective-taking can help build stronger cultures.

Nov 10, 2021 • 40min
Prioritizing People and Mission… in Space
Holly Ridings is the Chief Flight Director at NASA, an institution that’s spent more than six decades thinking about how culture connects to outcomes. In this episode of "Banking Culture Reform: Norms, Mindsets, and Decision-Making," she talks about putting safety and mission first, the importance of having humility to learn from past mistakes, and how NASA’s culture helps directors of human space flight develop their command presence and remain laser-focused.

Nov 30, 2020 • 36min
Recovery and Resilience in Puerto Rico
In the face of mounting challenges, the citizens of Puerto Rico have taken the future into their own hands. Community leaders are tackling foundational issues on the Island, such as affordable housing, capacity building, workforce development, recovery & resilience, renewable energy, and more. For this episode, we share their perspectives, examine how Puerto Rico arrived at this crucial moment, and reveal how CDFIs and other impact investors can get involved.

May 14, 2019 • 26min
Advice for Small Biz Owners
What did our small business owners wish they had known when they started? What have they learned? For current and future small business owners, we pull together our guests’ best advice on starting a business, developing relationships around financing, working with clients, and training and retaining a diverse workforce.

May 7, 2019 • 17min
Shipping Milk From Farm to Table
Kevin Ellis grew up on a dairy farm, and in college he discovered a passion for business. But that didn’t keep him away from agriculture for long. He’s now the CEO of Cayuga Milk Industries, a small business that processes milk from 30 family-owned dairy farms in New York’s Finger Lakes region. Ellis talks about how Cayuga got started and how it’s impacting the dairy market.

Apr 30, 2019 • 23min
Staffing in a High-Tech Age
Ranjini Poddar was in law school when she and her husband started the staffing firm Artech Information Systems in 1992. She is now the CEO at a time when the Bureau of Labor Statistics says there are almost six million contingent workers in the U.S. Poddar explains how Artech grew into a $450 million minority and women-owned business with more than 7,000 employees worldwide.

Apr 23, 2019 • 28min
Built by Generations
Arnoff Moving & Storage started in the 1920s with one truck. Now, 95 years, hundreds of trucks, and five generations later, the company is led by Mike Arnoff and has expanded its services to include logistics solutions. Arnoff takes us through the company’s history, its philosophy, and how its family culture keeps it moving in the ever-changing transportation space.

Apr 12, 2019 • 20min
Access to Credit & Financing
Small businesses employ about 50 percent of private-sector workers. Claire Kramer Mills leads the Federal Reserve System’s research on this key driver of the U.S. economy through an annual survey that examines small businesses’ access to financing. She details trends among small businesses, including how they’re performing and securing credit, as well as which firms are seeing the most challenges and where they can go for help.