Two Psychologists Four Beers

Alexa moonlights as a guest and answers Yoel's questions about her recent paper, in which she argues that the criminal justice system should abandon retribution. Alexa claims that when we ask if someone is blameworthy, we are asking social scientific questions: Were they rational? Were they being coerced? Were they acting out of character? We discuss some aspects of the social scientific evidence - from vignettes about soaping windows to group-to-individual inference - and consider whether it can provide satisfying answers. And, Yoel challenges Alexa to consider whether her utopian vision might have unintended consequences. Plus, we talk about Canadian truckers, and Alexa keeps her valentine's day collage shrouded in mystery.Links:Two Psychologists F. on UntappdPsyArXiv Preprints | The limitations of social science as the arbiter of blame: An argument for abandoning retributionSpa Packages | Relaxation & Well-being | Bota Bota, spa on a boatWas Canada Trucker Protest a Blip, or the Start of Something Bigger? - The New York Times

Personality psychologist and methodologist Julia Rohrer joins the show to talk about causal claims, strategic ambiguity, and how tough it is to tell what empirical claims many psychology papers are making. To illustrate, we subject Yoel's first paper, "Conservatives are more easily disgusted than liberals," to some vigorous post-publication peer review. We also discuss what makes Julia most hopeful about psychology, as well as the recent progress in alcohol-free beer.Special Guest: Julia Rohrer.Links:Two Psychologists Four Beers on UntappdWho would win, 100 duck-sized strategic ambiguities vs. 1 horse-sized structured abstract? – The 100% CIPsyArXiv Preprints | The Only Thing That Can Stop Bad Causal Inference Is Good Causal InferenceThe C-Word: Scientific Euphemisms Do Not Improve Causal Inference From Observational Data | AJPH | Vol. 108 Issue 5Conservatives are more easily disgusted than liberals: Cognition and Emotion: Vol 23, No 4

Alexa and Yoel talk authenticity. What is it? Is it good to have it? And why does Alexa score higher on it than Yoel? We talk about a draft paper examining how people infer authenticity in themselves and others, and a recently-published paper suggesting that supposedly highly authentic people might just be motivated to present themselves that way. Plus, Alexa drinks some listener-supplied beer, with favorable results, and we discuss who the most famous academic is.Links:Two Psychologists Four Beers on UntappdJordan Peterson: Why I am no longer a tenured professor at the University of Toronto | National PostHow the Self Became a Problem - Roy BaumeisterThe authentic personality: A theoretical and empirical conceptualization and the development of the Authenticity Scale. - PsycNETTo be or to appear to be: Evidence that authentic people seek to appear authentic rather than be authentic | Request PDFThe New York Dolls - Personality Crisis (YouTube)

Alexa and Yoel are back with more amateur philosophy of science. This time, we do a deep dive into a paper by the legendary Paul Meehl: "Appraising and Amending Theories: The Strategy of Lakatosian Defense and Two Principles that Warrant It." What can this classic paper tell us about how to do better research? We also talk about lactose, tandem bicycles, and New Year's resolutions (not in that order).Links:Two Psychologists Four Beers on UntappdAppraising and Amending Theories: The Strategy of Lakatosian Defense and Two Principles that Warrant It: Psychological Inquiry: Vol 1, No 2Albertine Sarges - Fish (YouTube)

Alexa and Yoel tackle Paul Feyerabend, the wild man of philosophy of science. What can we learn from his "anything goes" argument for methodological anarchy? We go deep on the first five chapters of Feyerabend's most famous work, "Against Method," and discuss his (maybe not entirely serious) arguments for extreme theory proliferation, ignoring the data, and Chinese herbal medicine. Also, we discuss which Christmas album is superior: Sia or Dolly Parton.Links:Two Psychologists Four Beers on UntappdSia's Christmas AlbumDolly Parton's Christmas AlbumBaller Christmas TreeGreenwald's Paper on Theory Controversies

Alexa and Yoel talk about objections to preregistration. Does preregistration imply that researchers can't be trusted? Does it mean that they can't use their best judgment? When might preregistration be unhelpful? We also discuss researcher degrees of freedom in a recent paper testing Cardi B's maxim that "hoes don't get cold." Plus: ketchup on ice cream, and Alexa's controversial replacement for Daylight Savings Time.Links:The political war around daylight saving time takes a nasty turn - POLITICOQuantitude S3E07: In Defense of Researcher Degrees of FreedomWhen looking 'hot' means not feeling cold: Evidence that self-objectification inhibits feelings of being coldTwo Psychologists Four Beers on Untappd

Alexa and Yoel talk about a paper purporting to show that winning the Nobel Prize increases your lifespan. In the process, they dip their toes into non-experimental causal inference and discuss whether there is a taboo in psychology about drawing causal conclusions from non-experimental data. Plus, Yoel does his best to explain what an instrumental variable is and Alexa drinks a very large beer.Links:Two Psychologists Four Beers on UntappdThe Taboo Against Explicit Causal Inference in Nonexperimental Psychology - Michael P. Grosz, Julia M. Rohrer, Felix Thoemmes, 2020Instrumental Variables in Sociology and the Social Sciences | Annual Review of SociologyMortality and immortality: The Nobel Prize as an experiment into the effect of status upon longevity - ScienceDirect

Paul Bloom joins us to talk about why we want to suffer. Sometimes it's a means to an end, but sometimes we desire it for its own sake. Among other things, we talk about mountain-climbing, whether you'd want to run just the end of the marathon, experience machines, BDSM, and parenting. Plus, a very special extra guest host, kidney donation, pronouns, and trigger warnings.Special Guest: Paul Bloom.Links:Who Is the Bad Art Friend? - The New York TimesThe Sweet Spot: The Pleasures of Suffering and the Search for Meaning - Kindle edition by Bloom, Paul. Health, Fitness & Dieting Kindle eBooks @ Amazon.com.Tainted altruism: when doing some good is evaluated as worse than doing no good at all - PubMedThe Martyrdom Effect: When Pain and Effort Increase Prosocial ContributionsJameson, Caskmates Édition Stout | Product page | SAQ.COMIntroducing High Tide NEIPA – Whitewater Brewing Co.Coffee Oatmeal Stout | Good People Brewing CompanyL'Espace Public – Brasseurs de quartier » Nos bières pas suresHOP VALLEY BUBBLE STASH - The Beer StoreGallo Family Vineyards Pink Moscato Price & Reviews | DrizlyJohnny Cash - Hurt (Official Music Video) - YouTube

Yoel and Alexa are joined by Joe Simmons to talk about fraud. We go in-depth on a recent high-profile fraud case, but we also talk about scientific fraud more generally: how common is it, how do you detect it, and what can we do to prevent it? Special Guest: Joe Simmons.Links:Drav India Session AleMilkshake IPA - Microbrasserie Vox PopuliA-OK IPA - Avondale Brewing Co.L'Espace Public - Neighborhood brewers »The galactic attackFalse-Positive Psychology: Undisclosed Flexibility in Data Collection and Analysis Allows Presenting Anything as Significant - Joseph P. Simmons, Leif D. Nelson, Uri Simonsohn, 2011[98] Evidence of Fraud in an Influential Field Experiment About Dishonesty - Data ColadaDan Ariely Retracts Honesty Study Based On Fake Data[85] Data Replicada #4: The Problem of Hidden Confounds - Data Colada[40] Reducing Fraud in Science - Data ColadaThe Clash - Police & Thieves (Official Audio) - YouTube

Danielle McDuffie is a graduate student in psychology at the University of Alabama. This is the story of how she ran a graduate student climate survey, the explosive results, and the very contentious year that ensued.Special Guest: Danielle McDuffie.Links:Crisp Apple | Angry OrchardKettle Sour Brunch - Microbrasserie Vox Populirogue.com | BATSQUATCHR.E.M. - Pop Song 89