Two Psychologists Four Beers

Researcher and writer Adam Mastroianni joins the podcast to talk about why he left academia, what conventional scientific research might be missing, and how he ended up writing a succesful science blog instead of more journal articles. Plus: what is a Science House? How do we know that psychology is making progress? And should scientific fraud be a crime?Special Guest: Adam Mastroianni.Links:Experimental History | Adam Mastroianni | SubstackPsyArXiv Preprints | Things could be betterThe first transmissions from Science HouseGood ideas don't need bayonets - by Adam MastroianniIs psychology going to Cincinnati? - by Adam MastroianniThe Order of Death - YouTube

Amori Mikami, an ADHD expert and professor at the University of British Columbia, dives into the complex world of attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder. The conversation explores how perceptions of ADHD have evolved, highlighting the impact on childhood social experiences and education. Mikami discusses misconceptions shaped by social media, emphasizing the need for personalized understanding and approaches. The dialogue also covers the stigma surrounding ADHD medication and the importance of comprehensive diagnostics, making the topic accessible and engaging.

Mickey joins Yoel for the first new episode in nearly a year. We talk what's been up with the show, plans for the future, and what it feels like to briefly be (almost) internet-famous. In the second half of the show, we talk about expertise and prediction. When social scientists make predictions about the future, should we listen? How much should failures of prediction make us distrust expert advice more generally, and if so, how skeptical should we be?Links:D.E.I. Statements Spark Debate at UCalifornia and Other Universities - The New York TimesAmericans harbor much less favorable explicit sentiments toward young adults than toward older adults | PNASOn the accuracy, media representation, and public perception of psychological scientists' judgments of societal change - PubMedWhen expert predictions fail - ScienceDirectAmyl and The Sniffers - "U Should Not Be Doing That" (Official Music Video) - YouTube

Andrew Devendorf, clinical psychologist specializing in mental health research, discusses the prevalence of mental health difficulties within the field and the harmful taboos against speaking openly about them. The conversation explores common misconceptions about mental illness, strengths of self-relevant research, and ways to be more supportive to those facing mental health challenges.

Playing devil's advocate, Yoel and Mickey mount a criticism against the scientific study of mindfulness. What is mindfulness? Can we measure it? Is mindfulness-based therapy effective? Can mindfulness improve the quality of attention beyond the meditation cushion? Are effects of mindfulness mostly placebo effects produced by motivated practitioners and adherents? Should we be impressed by mindfulness meditation’s supposed effects on conceptions of the self? Is mindfulness, in all its complexity, amenable to scientific study? Bonus: Is the value of diversity and inclusivity a core part of open science? This is a re-release of an episode first released on August 7, 2019.Links:Burdock BreweryLunch Money | Collective Arts BrewingPsyArXiv Preprints | Will this time be different?Opinion | Can We End the Meditation Madness? - The New York TimesThe benefits of being present: mindfulness and its role in psychological well-being - PubMedMind the Hype: A Critical Evaluation and Prescriptive Agenda for Research on Mindfulness and Meditation - PubMedArgentine tango dance compared to mindfulness meditation and a waiting-list control: a randomised trial for treating depression - PubMedMeditation Programs for Psychological Stress and Well-being: A Systematic Review and Meta-analysis | Complementary and Alternative Medicine | JAMA Internal Medicine | JAMA NetworkMindfulness training affects attention--or is it attentional effort? - PubMedMeditation, mindfulness and executive control: the importance of emotional acceptance and brain-based performance monitoring - PubMedCognitive effects of MBSR/MBCT: A systematic review of neuropsychological outcomes - PubMedMindfulness training as cognitive training in high-demand cohorts: An initial study in elite military servicemembers - PubMedA randomised active-controlled trial to examine the effects of an online mindfulness intervention on executive control, critical thinking and key thinking dispositions in a university student sample | BMC Psychology | Full Text

Joe Simmons, a specialist in fraud, discusses the prevalence of fraudulent activity in various fields and methods to detect and prevent it. They delve into a recent high-profile fraud case and talk about scientific fraud in general, including its commonality, detection methods, and prevention strategies.

Controversy over a job interview at UCLA, responses to diversity and inclusion efforts, responsibility of public speaking, addressing racism in psychological research

Harkening back to episode 73, Alexa and Yoel discuss recent evidence of fraud documented in the Data Colada blog post "Clusterfake." The post is the first in a series of four, which will collectively detail evidence of fraud in four papers co-authored by Harvard Business School Professor Francesca Gino. First, the co-hosts dive into the details, with Alexa soberly (in both senses of the word) explaining the revelations of calcChain. They go on to discuss the potential impact of these findings for collaborators, some of whom have begun conducting audits of work co-authored with Gino. In addition, they speculate about ways to reduce fraud that could relieve some of the burden from those who currently do this time-consuming and often thankless work. Finally, they consider what this means for a field still struggling to build a more trustworthy foundation.Links:Two Psychologists Four Beers on Untappd[109] Data Falsificada (Part 1): "Clusterfake" - Data ColadaSci-Hub | Signing at the beginning makes ethics salient and decreases dishonest self-reports in comparison to signing at the end. Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences, 109(38), 15197–15200 | 10.1073/pnas.1209746109Two Psychologists Four Beers Episode 73: We Need to Talk About Fraud (with Joe Simmons)Juliana Schroeder on Twitter: "I am waiting to learn more about this case. It is extremely concerning. My coauthors and I are auditing our papers with Francesca, and identifying the raw data files. I think (hope) other co-authors are doing likewise. We will announce the results of the audit when they are ready" / TwitterFleetwood Mac - Little Lies (Official Music Video) - YouTube

In heated political debates, people are often accused of being hypocrites, lacking consistent foundational values. Today, Yoel and Alexa discuss a recent paper by David Pinsof, David Sears, and Martie Haselton, that challenges the commonsense notion that political belief systems stem from our core values. Instead, the authors propose that people form alliances with others, and develop political beliefs that serve to maintain those alliances. The cohosts discuss how these alliances might form, the various biases used to defend them, and whether values are truly absent from the process. They also tackle the deeper question of whether the alliance model means that neither side is right or wrong.Links:Two Psychologists Four Beers on UntappdPsyArXiv Preprints | Strange Bedfellows: The Alliance Theory of Political Belief SystemsR. Ring - "Hug" | Music Video - YouTube

Yoel and Alexa discuss a recent paper that takes a machine learning approach to estimating the replicability of psychology as a discipline. The researchers' investigation begins with a training process, in which an artificial intelligence model identifies ways that textual descriptions differ for studies that pass versus fail manual replication tests. This model is then applied to a set of 14,126 papers published in six well-known psychology journals over the past 20 years, picking up on the textual markers that it now recognizes as signals of replicable findings. In a mysterious twist, these markers remain hidden in the black box of the algorithm. However, the researchers hand-examine a few markers of their own, testing whether things like subfield, author expertise, and media interest are associated with the replicability of findings. And, as if machine learning models weren't juicy enough, Yoel trolls Alexa with an intro topic hand-selected to infuriate her.Links:Two Psychologists Four Beers on UntappdA discipline-wide investigation of the replicability of Psychology papers over the past two decades | PNASBest-Selling Author & Harvard Professor Steven Pinker Will Transform His Ideas into NFTs | BlocksterAre NFTs a Good Investment? | MoneyUnder30Miss Grit - Like You (Lyric Video) - YouTube