16:1 - Education, Teaching, & Learning

When do students go to school, and why? This week, the hosts tackle the origins of the school calendar, its agrarian roots and the urban compromise, and the question of the ideal school calendar. How did we get the long summer break? Why do we measure school in days? Hours? Minutes? Seconds? Kate explores the celebration of Juneteenth, and Chelsea goes spelunking in the local public library (again).State Education Reforms- list by state hour/dayODE Minimum HoursODE School SchedulesWikipedia School Holidays in the USWikipedia First Day of SchoolWikipedia Gregorian CalendarThe Organization of School Time in EuropeWikipedia JuneteenthPBS "The Myth of Summer"The Atlantic - "Fixing America's Broken School Calendar"Wikipedia History of Education in the US

This week, the hosts explore the story of Ruby Bridges to contextualize and deepen understanding of issues of racism and segregation in America. A brief overview of Supreme Court cases leading up to Brown v. Board of Education reveals how our relatively recent past is impacting present day events. In studying the story of a 6-year-old girl who led a nation toward the desegregation of public schools, we can start to better understand how systemic forces of racism still attach themselves to our public and private institutions. Chelsea shares what she learned in a reading of White Fragility by Robin DiAngelo, and Kate shares about ways you can help support anti-racism initiatives around the country.Sources:Black Lives MatterDred Scott Case WikipediaCivil Rights Act of 1875 from Encyclopedia BritannicaCivil Rights Cases WikipediaPlessy v. Ferguson WikipediaBrown v. Board from US CourtsNorman Rockwell Painting of Ruby Bridges WikipediaRobert Coles WikipediaRuby Bridges WikipediaWomen's History- Ruby BridgesBarbara Henry WikipediaIn Her Own Words- Barbara HenryRedlining- WikipediaNPR Interview of Ruby BridgesPodcast - “Culture Wars with Jonathon Van Maren- Interviews Ruby Bridges on Civil Rights History” October 26th 2015Lessons from Ruby BridgesMonetized YouTube Videos to Support BLM 

This week, the hosts discuss one of education psychology's most commonly-taught theories: Maslow's Hierarchy of Needs. While the model for interpreting human needs has received plenty of criticism, it still serves as a useful tool for assessing often unseen factors that may contribute to a student's success, or her struggles. Kate learns some good news, and Chelsea has a warning about working with power tools.Maslow's HierarchyThe Crucible by Arthur MillerHistory of Memorial Day

This week, the hosts talk about what they've done to pass the time during quarantine, and they focus on one of their favorite forms of entertainment: video games. E-Sports in particular are becoming a very popular form of entertainment and competition, and schools are not exempt from the trend. Kate and Chelsea cover gaming, streaming, competitive leagues, what e-sports look like as a career option, and more. Kate learns a fascinating fact about gorillas, and Chelsea is doing a bit of home improvement."The History and Evolution of E-Sports"Wikipedia: E-Sports"Why Esports in Schools is a Good Thing"High School Esports LeaguePLAYVS High School League"The biggest prize money winners in esports history""Is This the Most Virus-Proof Job in the World?"Collegiate Varsity Esports ProgramsNAC E-SportsProfessional Overwatch LeagueGorillas Hum/Sing when they eat!

On today's episode, Kate and Chelsea check in with the state of teaching and learning under the stresses associated with the COVID-19 pandemic. The hosts analyze the challenges that public schools and colleges are facing because of quarantines, and they discuss resources and innovations that are making remote learning a bit easier. Chelsea learned a fascinating tidbit about a recently released French film, and Kate shares her appreciation for a local book shop.Sources:Today Show- "When will schools open?"The Journal- "Updated List of Statewide School Closures with Closure Dates"We Are Teachers- Resource ListThe Columbus Dispatch- "Coronavirus school closures: Will learning become even harder for Ohio’s disadvantaged kids?"Vox- "The devastating detail hiding in the French grammar of Portrait of a Lady on Fire"G Suite for EducationZoomSchoologyMembeanTeachers Pay TeachersRemindFlipgridAudible- "Harry Potter and the Philosopher's Stone, Book 1"Rotten Tomatoes- "Portrait of a Lady on Fire"The Book Loft of German Village, Columbus, Ohio 

All things William Shakespeare this week! William Shakespeare is the only prescribed author listed in the Common Core, so where does he belong in the public school curriculum, and how do teachers make him appropriate for teenagers? Kate and Chelsea share and quote a few of their favorite Shakespeare plays, and they talk about how to teach Shakespearean language to all sorts of learners. Katie shares her love of a pop-up book, and Chelsea tells us all about a Press Secretary who never addressed the press.Globe Theater Pop-Up BookAgecroft Hall Richmond, VANo Fear ShakespeareCrash Course YouTube ChannelFolger Shakespeare LibraryShakespeare RetoldRoyal Shakespeare Company Complete Works

Gym class, fitness, health, and nutrition are the list of subjects covered in this week's episode. Learn about the origins of physical education in schools, legislation and funding initiatives aimed at keeping students healthy, and changes to school nutrition standards that caused a bit of a stir. The hosts also discuss the NFL's Play 60 program and the importance of accepting physical education as part of a well-rounded schooling. This week, the hosts learned about flossing and cherry blossoms.Episode note: This week's episode was recorded before the outbreak of the coronavirus that has shut down much of the hospitality industry around the U.S., so please be aware that we aren't currently recommending travel to D.C. to view the cherry blossoms.Sources:Combating Obesity in K-12 Learners, Claudia GuedesApproaches to Physical Education in SchoolsWikipedia: Physical EducationLet's Move InitiativePlato's RepublicWikipedia: The Turner MovementCDC Obesity FactsUSDA Press Release on School MealsNFL Play 60 ProgramSHAPE AmericaEducation Post Article on Physical Education

This week, the hosts tackle a difficult topic: the school to prison pipeline. In the U.S., the school-to-prison pipeline (SPP) is the name given to the disproportionate tendency of minors and young adults from disadvantaged backgrounds to become incarcerated because of increasingly harsh school and municipal policies. Chelsea and Kate discuss how the SPP is fueled by certain policies, practices, and conditions, the populations most impacted by the SPP, and whether or not zero tolerance policies and other measures that send school-aged children to prison actually have an impact on violence reduction in schools.In the "What We Learned This Week" segment, Chelsea discusses making videos with AfterEffects, and Kate dives deep into the world of Reddit. Both hosts discuss their infatuation with trashy television.Sources:Rehabilitation Enables Dreams: The School to Prison PipelineThe Century Foundation: School Discipline without Racial Equity Is DiscriminationWikipedia: The School to Prison PipelineWikipedia: School Disturbance LawsACLU: School to Prison PipelineACLU Report: Cops and No CounselorsAmerican Psychological Association Zero Tolerance Task Force ReportJustice Police Institute: The School to Prison Pipeline ExplainedU.S. Dept. of Education "Dear Colleague" Letter

Cell phones are everywhere, but should they be in classrooms? This week the hosts approach the question of the appropriate use of cell phones and educational mobile technology in schools. Is it better to ban phones from schools altogether, or should we teach students about the appropriate use of phones in a variety of environments? Katie discusses some of her favorite educational apps and websites. Chelsea learned about RetroPie, and Katie discusses the Oscar-winning movie Parasite.Sources:Wikipedia: History of Mobile PhonesForecasts for 1907 CartoonNPR Story on Childhood Cell Phone UseEducation Week Story on Banning Smart Phones in SchoolsNPR Story on Laptop and Phone BansNEA Story on Mobile Phone UseOxford Learning: Should Cell Phones Be Allowed in Classrooms?Parasite (Rotten Tomatoes)KahootRemind.comGoogle ClassroomDiscordQuizletFreeCodeCampRetroPieRaspberry Pi Retro Arcade Gaming Kit

This week, the hosts tackle music education. They explore the history of music instruction in American public schools, and they survey the research on the cognitive and developmental impacts of learning to play instruments. Kate spells the name of an odd instrument, and Chelsea learns about the tensile strength of Tungsten.Sources:www.nafme.orgwww.giveanote.orghttps://www.nytimes.com/2018/05/13/nyregion/nyc-music-high-school.html?module=inlinehttp://education.ohio.gov/Topics/Ohio-s-Graduation-Requirements/Complete-Courses-Classes-of-2020-and-beyondhttps://journals.sagepub.com/doi/abs/10.1177/002242940605400403https://www.educationnext.org/breaking-down-school-budgets-2/https://secure-media.collegeboard.org/digitalServices/pdf/research/TotalGroup-2012.pdfhttps://online.campbellsville.edu/education/history-of-music-education/https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Musica_universalishttps://ed.ted.com/lessons/how-playing-an-instrument-benefits-your-brain-anita-collins