The Poor Prole’s Almanac

This episode of "The Poor Proles Almanac" focuses on the abiotic aspects of Korean Natural Farming (KNF), a holistic approach to agriculture that emphasizes soil health and ecological balance. Hosts Andy and Elliott, continuing their exploration of regenerative farming techniques, guide listeners through the principles and practices of KNF, specifically those relating to the utilization of non-living materials to enhance soil fertility. The Foundations of KNF: A Focus on Soil Biology The episode begins by establishing the fundamental principle of KNF: the importance of soil biology in nutrient cycling and plant health. The hosts explain that while minerals are essential for plant growth, they often exist in the soil in forms that are inaccessible to plants. The role of soil microbes, including bacteria, fungi, and nematodes, is to break down these complex minerals into simpler, plant-available forms. KNF seeks to accelerate this natural process, increasing the availability of nutrients and promoting a thriving soil ecosystem. Accelerating Mineralization: The Role of Abiotic Inputs The episode then moves on to discuss the use of various non-living materials, or abiotic inputs, to enhance soil mineralization. These materials, often byproducts of other processes or readily available natural resources, provide a source of essential nutrients that can be readily broken down by soil microbes. The hosts emphasize the importance of understanding the specific mineral needs of the soil and matching them with appropriate abiotic inputs. Making Minerals Bioavailable: KNF Techniques The hosts provide detailed explanations of several KNF techniques for creating water-soluble minerals, including: Water-Soluble Calcium (WSCA): Created by grilling and crushing eggshells, then steeping them in vinegar. This process breaks down the calcium carbonate in the shells, making the calcium readily available to plants. The hosts highlight that a small amount of WSCA can be diluted and used as a foliar spray or soil drench over a large area. Water-Soluble Calcium Phosphate: Made from animal bones using the same process as WSCA. This provides a source of both calcium and phosphorus, essential nutrients for plant growth and development. The hosts acknowledge that while this technique is commonly used in KNF, there is limited scientific evidence supporting its effectiveness. Water-Soluble Potassium: Extracted from thick, green plant stalks, such as tobacco, sunflower, or cannabis. The stalks are broken into small pieces and soaked in water for a week, releasing potassium into the solution. This solution is then diluted and applied to plants. The hosts emphasize the importance of potassium in regulating plant processes, such as water movement, nutrient transport, and enzyme activation. Beyond the Basics: Other Abiotic Inputs The episode explores other abiotic inputs used in KNF, including: Rock Dust: The hosts explain that rock dust can provide a wide range of trace minerals that are often lacking in depleted soils. They recommend using a local geological survey map to identify suitable rock types and suggest sourcing rock dust from nearby quarries, which often have excess material available for free. They emphasize that rock dust mineralization is a slow process, similar to the application of lime, and requires patience to see results. Silts: The hosts discuss the ancient practice of using silts, rich in nitrogen and beneficial bacteria, as a soil amendment. They caution about over-harvesting silts from sensitive ecosystems and recommend soil testing to ensure the absence of heavy metals. Clays: The hosts explain that adding clay to sandy soils can improve their water and nutrient retention capacity. They introduce the concept of cation exchange capacity (CEC), which measures the soil's ability to hold positively charged ions (cations) essential for plant nutrition. They explain that clay particles and organic matter have negatively charged sites that attract and hold these cations, preventing them from leaching out of the soil. Seawater: The hosts highlight the potential of diluted seawater as a source of trace minerals. They recommend a 50:1 dilution ratio and suggest applying it to soil, pastures, or even directly to plants. They mention that additional details on using seawater will be available on their YouTube channel. Sea Salt: The hosts recommend harvesting sea salt for its rich mineral content, contrasting it with mined salt, which may lack certain micronutrients. Seaweed and Fish Byproducts: The hosts briefly mention the use of seaweed and fish byproducts, such as fish amino acids, as valuable sources of nutrients. They promise to cover these in more detail in future episodes and on their YouTube channel. Fish Amino Acid (FAA): A Nitrogen-Rich Fertilizer The episode provides a detailed explanation of creating Fish Amino Acid (FAA) using fish byproducts and brown sugar. This process, involving fermentation over several months, breaks down the fish protein, yielding a liquid rich in nitrogen, phosphorus, and other nutrients. The hosts compare the nitrogen content of FAA to that of mulberry leaves, both being high-protein sources that release nitrogen upon decomposition. Looking Ahead: Biotic Inputs and Further Exploration The episode concludes by setting the stage for the next episode, which will focus on the biotic aspects of KNF, including the use of indigenous microorganisms (IMOs) and fermented plant extracts. The hosts acknowledge the complexity of these topics and the abundance of acronyms in KNF literature, promising to provide clear explanations and guidance for listeners. They emphasize that while KNF techniques may seem unusual, they offer a valuable approach to restoring soil health and creating more sustainable and productive agricultural systems. For sources, transcripts, and to read more about this subject, visit: www.agroecologies.org To support this podcast, join our patreon for early, commercial-free episode access at https://www.patreon.com/poorprolesalmanac For PPA Restoration Content, visit: www.restorationagroecology.com For PPA Merch, visit: www.poorproles.com For PPA Native Plants, visit: www.nativenurseries.org To hear Tomorrow, Today, our sister podcast, visit: www.tomorrowtodaypodcast.org/

In this episode, we chat with 3 Streams Farm's Shana Hanson about the diversity of uses of harvesting leaves and needles to feed livestock. What's the history of these practices and why is it so hard to learn about it?    Check out Shana's work at 3 Streams Farm: https://3streamsfarmbelfastme.blogspot.com/p/tree-fodder-info.html If you'd like to support Shana's research, reach out at shanahanson@gmail.com     Support this podcast by becoming a Patron at: https://www.patreon.com/PoorProlesAlmanac    

In this episode, we chat with 3 Streams Farm's Shana Hanson about the diversity of uses of harvesting leaves and needles to feed livestock. What's the history of these practices and why is it so hard to learn about it?    Check out Shana's work at 3 Streams Farm: https://3streamsfarmbelfastme.blogspot.com/p/tree-fodder-info.html If you'd like to support Shana's research, reach out at shanahanson@gmail.com     Support this podcast by becoming a Patron at: https://www.patreon.com/PoorProlesAlmanac      

This episode of "The Poor Proles Almanac", hosted by Andy and Elliott, is about using tree leaves as livestock feed, a practice known as tree hay or tree fodder. It picks up on themes from previous episodes about silvopasture, coppicing, and pollarding. The episode begins with the hosts bantering about eating giraffe necks. Nutritional Value of Tree Hay The hosts discuss the nutritional value of tree hay, noting that the digestibility of leaves is less impacted by age than that of grasses and forbs. They explain that a mature tree can produce a significant amount of dried leaves annually, far exceeding the dry matter produced by a comparable area of grass. This highlights the potential of tree hay to supplement or even replace traditional hay, especially during times of drought or when pasture availability is limited. Harvesting and Storage Techniques The episode explores various techniques for harvesting and storing tree hay. Listeners learn that harvesting time can be influenced by factors such as tree health, desired regrowth, and intended use of the tree. The hosts emphasize the importance of leaving sufficient branches for the tree to recover and avoid over-harvesting, especially during the wet season when trees are more susceptible to disease. They describe different methods for drying and curing tree hay, including hanging branches in bundles and storing them in a dry, well-ventilated area. Integrating Tree Hay into Grazing Systems The hosts discuss the practical aspects of incorporating tree hay into a grazing system. They advocate for a mixed approach, using tree hay as a supplement to traditional pasture and incorporating a variety of tree species. They point out that some animals, like sheep and goats, are better suited to consuming tree hay than others, such as pigs and chickens. They also explain that the way tree hay is fed can impact its consumption. For instance, livestock may be less likely to eat leaves that have fallen into grazed grass, so keeping the branches upright or offering the hay in a new pasture can improve utilization. Tree Species for Fodder and Their Unique Benefits The episode provides examples of various tree species suitable for fodder, highlighting their unique characteristics and benefits: Black Locust: High in protein, nitrogen-fixing, improves soil quality. Willow: Fast-growing, digestible, high tannin content helps reduce parasite load. Poplar: Similar to willow but without the tannins, high in biomass. Mulberry: Highly digestible, high protein content, produces edible fruit, suitable for both polygastric and monogastric animals. Connecting Tree Hay to Other Silvopasture Practices The hosts link tree hay harvesting to other silvopasture techniques like coppicing and pollarding. They explain that these practices can work together synergistically, providing both fodder and timber while promoting tree health and regeneration. The discussion raises the question of whether harvesting tree hay negatively impacts timber production, but the hosts acknowledge a lack of conclusive research on the topic. The Importance of Experimentation and Observation Throughout the episode, the hosts emphasize the need for experimentation and observation when implementing tree hay practices. They acknowledge that much of the knowledge about tree fodder has been lost and encourage listeners to rediscover and adapt these techniques to their specific needs and contexts. Overall Takeaway The episode provides a comprehensive overview of tree hay, covering its nutritional value, harvesting and storage methods, integration into grazing systems, and species selection. While acknowledging the challenges and knowledge gaps, the hosts encourage listeners to explore this ancient practice as a sustainable and potentially valuable component of their silvopasture systems. For sources, transcripts, and to read more about this subject, visit: www.agroecologies.org To support this podcast, join our patreon for early, commercial-free episode access at https://www.patreon.com/poorprolesalmanac For PPA Restoration Content, visit: www.restorationagroecology.com For PPA Merch, visit: www.poorproles.com For PPA Native Plants, visit: www.nativenurseries.org To hear Tomorrow, Today, our sister podcast, visit: www.tomorrowtodaypodcast.org/

Part 2: We chat with mark Krawczyk, the author of the forthcoming book "Coppice Agroforestry: Tending Trees for Product, Profit, and Woodland Ecology", which I've been waiting for the past half decade, but is slated for early 2022.  We discuss the role of coppicing in the modern world, tending to landscapes within the scope of what their capacity is, and much more! Check out Mark's work at: http://www.coppiceagroforestry.com/ https://www.keylinevermont.com/ http://www.rivenwoodcrafts.com/     Support this podcast by becoming a Patron at: https://www.patreon.com/PoorProlesAlmanac

We chat with mark Krawczyk, the author of the forthcoming book "Coppice Agroforestry: Tending Trees for Product, Profit, and Woodland Ecology", which I've been waiting for the past half decade, but is slated for early 2022.  We discuss the role of coppicing in the modern world, tending to landscapes within the scope of what their capacity is, and much more! Check out Mark's work at: http://www.coppiceagroforestry.com/ https://www.keylinevermont.com/ http://www.rivenwoodcrafts.com/     Support this podcast by becoming a Patron at: https://www.patreon.com/PoorProlesAlmanac

This episode of "The Poor Proles Almanac" focuses on coppicing and pollarding, two ancient techniques for managing trees to produce a sustainable yield of wood, fodder, and other products. Hosts Andy and Elliott explore the history, ecological benefits, and practical applications of these techniques. A 400-Million-Year History: Understanding Tree Branching The episode begins with a surprisingly deep dive into the evolutionary history of tree branching, tracing its origins back to seaweed. This unexpected journey highlights that the ability of trees to sprout and regrow after cutting is not a recent adaptation but a fundamental characteristic that has been refined over millions of years. This understanding forms the basis for coppicing and pollarding, techniques that harness the innate regenerative power of trees. Coppicing: Harnessing the Power of Resprouting Coppicing involves cutting a tree down to its base, or stool, stimulating the growth of new shoots from dormant buds. These shoots grow rapidly, producing a sustainable yield of wood that can be harvested on a regular cycle. The episode explains that coppicing has been practiced worldwide for millennia, providing a source of fuel, building materials, and animal fodder. Pollarding: Elevating the Cut Pollarding is similar to coppicing, but the cut is made higher up on the tree, typically above browsing height. This technique protects the regrowth from grazing animals while still stimulating the production of new shoots. The episode highlights that pollarding has been particularly useful in landscapes where livestock grazing is integrated with tree management. Beyond Wood: A Multitude of Uses The episode emphasizes that coppicing and pollarding produce more than just wood. The leaves and branches can be used as animal fodder, referred to as "tree hay" or "pollard greens." The episode highlights various tree species suitable for coppicing and pollarding, each offering unique benefits. Some of the highlighted species include: Willow: Fast-growing, palatable leaves for livestock, suitable for wet conditions, traditionally used for wicker furniture. Hazel: Provides nuts and pliable poles suitable for various uses, such as fencing and basketry. Black Locust and Honey Locust: Fast-growing, nitrogen-fixing, excellent firewood, suitable for livestock fodder. Mulberry: Highly productive, provides edible fruits, palatable leaves for livestock, dense firewood. Birch: Fast-growing, sap can be used for syrup, suitable for coppicing with standards, good for mushroom cultivation. Maple: Can be tapped for syrup, suitable for coppicing with standards, good for mushroom cultivation. Oak: Slow-growing but provides excellent firewood, acorns are a valuable food source for livestock and humans, good for mushroom cultivation. Coppicing with Standards: A Layered Approach The episode introduces a variation on coppicing known as "coppicing with standards." This technique involves coppicing most of the trees in a stand while allowing a few select trees to grow to full size, known as "standards." This method provides a mix of small-diameter wood from the coppiced trees and larger timber from the standards. Creating a Mosaic Landscape: The Role of Canted Coppice The episode discusses the traditional practice of dividing a coppice woodland into sections or "cants," each harvested on a rotating cycle. This approach creates a mosaic landscape with stands of trees in different stages of regrowth, providing diverse habitats for various plant and animal species. Reviving a Forgotten Art: Practical Advice for Modern Practitioners The episode concludes with practical advice for those interested in implementing coppicing and pollarding. The hosts emphasize the importance of starting small, understanding the specific needs of different tree species, and observing the response of trees to cutting. They also encourage listeners to embrace experimentation, reminding them that coppicing and pollarding are ancient practices with a long history of success. Final Thoughts This episode offers a comprehensive look at coppicing and pollarding, highlighting their historical significance, ecological benefits, and practical applications. The hosts' enthusiasm for these techniques, coupled with their detailed explanations, makes this episode a valuable resource for anyone interested in incorporating these traditional methods into modern land management practices. For sources, transcripts, and to read more about this subject, visit: www.agroecologies.org To support this podcast, join our patreon for early, commercial-free episode access at https://www.patreon.com/poorprolesalmanac For PPA Restoration Content, visit: www.restorationagroecology.com For PPA Merch, visit: www.poorproles.com For PPA Native Plants, visit: www.nativenurseries.org To hear Tomorrow, Today, our sister podcast, visit: www.tomorrowtodaypodcast.org/

Discover the secrets to sustainable farming and forest management with ecologist and forest farmer Steve Gabriel from the Finger Lakes region of New York. Gain invaluable insights into the world of silvopasture as Steve recounts his evolution from a forest-loving child to an expert integrating livestock and mushroom cultivation into forest ecosystems. Learn about his impactful roles at Wellspring Forest Farm and the Cornell Small Farms Program, where he champions the harmonious coexistence of humans and nature. Steve Gabriel offers a masterclass in understanding the land you steward. By observing microclimates, honoring indigenous history, and choosing the right livestock, Steve shares how to align with your land's natural rhythms. He provides real-life examples, such as the resilience of mulberry trees in different conditions and the instinctual wisdom of animals in managing their diet. This episode is a treasure trove of knowledge, encouraging a mindful and informed approach to land management that benefits both ecosystems and human food systems. Finally, we explore the deep cultural roots and traditions tied to practices like maple syrup production and the invaluable lessons from indigenous land stewardship. Steve highlights the importance of gratitude, respect, and traditional methods in the face of climate change. We also discuss the film series "Inhabitants," which showcases the sustainable practices of indigenous tribes, and delve into agroforestry as a modern adaptation of ancient wisdom. Join us for a richly layered discussion on the responsibilities and joys of land stewardship, and walk away with a deeper appreciation for the interconnectedness of nature and human practices. Check out Steve's work at: http://www.wellspringforestfarm.com/ For sources and to read more about this subject, visit: www.agroecologies.org To support this podcast, join our patreon for early episode access at https://www.patreon.com/poorprolesalmanac For PPA Writing Content, visit: www.agroecologies.org For PPA Restoration Content, visit: www.restorationagroecology.com For PPA Merch, visit: www.poorproles.com For PPA Native Plants, visit: www.nativenurseries.org To hear Tomorrow, Today, our sister podcast, visit: www.tomorrowtodaypodcast.org/ Key words: Sustainable Farming, Forest Management, Ecologist, Silvopasture, Finger Lakes, New York, Livestock, Mushroom Cultivation, Forest Ecosystems, Wellspring Forest Farm, Cornell Small Farms Program, Indigenous History, Microclimates, Natural Rhythms, Mulberry Trees, Animals, Diet, Maple Syrup, Indigenous Land Stewardship, Climate Change, Agroforestry, Indigenous Wisdom, Land Stewardship, Human-Nature Relationship, Land Management, Land Stewardship Responsibilities, Indigenous Practices, Cultural Identity, Traditional Methods, Gratitude, Resilience, Microclimates, Indigenous Knowledge, Adaptation, Colonial Eurocentric Cultures, Agroforestry, Family, Farm Stewardship, Teaching, Consulting  

Unlock the secrets of sustainable farming and discover how to harmonize natural processes with human ingenuity. In our latest episode, we promise you'll gain practical insights on managing grazing animals in forest settings, accelerating ecological succession, and making the best tree choices for your local conditions. We delve into historical indigenous forest management practices and explore the crucial role of livestock in nutrient cycling, especially in brittle ecosystems. Our conversation takes a fascinating turn as we explore the benefits of agroforestry techniques like riparian buffers and alley cropping. Learn how these methods can help manage nutrient runoff, control water velocity, and enhance soil richness. We'll introduce you to the diverse species that thrive in these environments, including the utility of prairie cordgrass and the strategic placement of tap-rooted trees to minimize competition with annual crops. Drawing from historical farming practices near river deltas and the use of edge spaces in Japan, we offer a comprehensive look at how to create a productive agroforestry system. Lastly, we dive into the nutritional value of mulberry leaves and fruits for both humans and livestock, exploring the multifunctional benefits of various tree species in agroforestry systems. From maintaining ecological balance with native keystone species to integrating mushrooms in shaded areas, you'll learn how to enhance forest ecosystems through agroecology. We also touch on the evolution of cultivars, the importance of genetic diversity, and practical strategies for animal and plant integration on small-scale farms. Join us for an episode brimming with innovative techniques and timeless wisdom to create a resilient and sustainable farming system. For sources and to read more about this subject, visit: www.agroecologies.org To support this podcast, join our patreon for early episode access at https://www.patreon.com/poorprolesalmanac For PPA Writing Content, visit: www.agroecologies.org For PPA Restoration Content, visit: www.restorationagroecology.com For PPA Merch, visit: www.poorproles.com For PPA Native Plants, visit: www.nativenurseries.org To hear Tomorrow, Today, our sister podcast, visit: www.tomorrowtodaypodcast.org/   Key words: Sustainable Farming, Grazing Animals, Forest Management, Agroforestry Techniques, Tree Crop Planning, Nutrient Cycling, Riparian Buffers, Alley Cropping, Mulberry Leaves, Livestock Nutrition, Ecological Balance, Genetic Diversity, Small-Scale Farms, Diverse Agriculture Systems, Food Design, Home Cleaning, Kids Financial Education, Silvopasture, Multi-Species Grazing, Ecological Succession, Indigenous Forest Management, Livestock Nutrient Return, Brittle Ecosystems, Riparian Areas, Water Velocity, Soil Richness, Prairie Cordgrass, River Deltas, Satayama Landscapes, Tap Roots, Subsoiling, Dioecious Species, Male and Female Trees, Nutritional Value, Multifunctional Benefits, Keystone Species, Light and Shade Management, Mushroom Integration, Heirloom Cultivars, Modern Agriculture, Genetic Resistance, Stocking Density, Animal Units, Environmental Factors, Cost-Saving Tips, Restoration Agriculture, Edible Woody Plants, Financial Responsibility, Debit Card, Financial Literacy

In this episode, we chat with Joshua about multispecies grazing, mob grazing, and what it means to decolonize grazing and regenerative agriculture both in theory and in practice. Further, we chat about indigenous farming practices both here in North America and in the global south, and how regenerative agriculture comes with different baggage in each region.   Check out Resylien at: https://www.resylien.com/     Support this podcast by becoming a Patron at: https://www.patreon.com/PoorProlesAlmanac