AJR Podcasts

Full article: https://www.ajronline.org/doi/abs/10.2214/AJR.23.29938 Peter Gunderman, MD discusses a study finding complications of lung biopsy are more common in patients with usual interstitial pneumonia (UIP), but only when the proceduralist traverses findings of UIP–a surprising discovery that raises questions about patient positioning and lung biopsy safety.

Full article: https://www.ajronline.org/doi/10.2214/ajr.23.29778 Farzaneh Ghazi Sherbaf, MD discusses an AJR article analyzing recent research using photon-counting detector CT to better visualize and characterize infrapopliteal arteries by providing higher spatial resolution compared to conventional CT to overcome calcified plaque artifact, even with lower IV contrast media dosage.

Full article: https://www.ajronline.org/doi/10.2214/AJR.23.30008 Robert Smalley, MD discusses a new article that covers the findings of a national survey of U.S. radiology departments and their policies on visa sponsorship for IMG faculty.

Full article: https://www.ajronline.org/doi/10.2214/AJR.23.30060 Shruti Kumar, MD discusses a study that investigates the optimal neuroimaging approaches for patients with dizziness in the emergency department. It explores how specialized MRI emerges as the most cost-effective strategy, offering enhanced stroke detection and improving long-term outcomes and preventive measures.

Full article: https://www.ajronline.org/doi/10.2214/AJR.23.29889 This podcast from George Vilanilam, MD focusses on sarcopenia and its assessment using CT scans. Sarcopenia is often assessed using the Skeletal Muscle Index (SMI), which is calculated by dividing the Skeletal Muscle Area (SMA) at the third lumbar vertebra (L3) by the patient's height squared. However, this study aimed to determine whether there's a more accurate way to scale muscle area relative to patient height and to explore how this might affect the ability of SMI to predict all-cause mortality.

Full article: https://www.ajronline.org/doi/10.2214/AJR.23.29826 Hong Linda Li, MD discusses a new article that examines the need for a comprehensive approach that integrates clinical, radiological, and histopathological data for accurate diagnosis and management of adrenal masses.

Full article: https://www.ajronline.org/doi/10.2214/AJR.23.29769 In this podcast, Bahram Mohajer, MD, MPH introduces a study on AI's role in assessing endotracheal tube positions on chest radiographs. The study demonstrates high sensitivity and specificity in identifying tube presence and positioning, especially in critical cases. The AI system's potential to expedite detection and reduce delays in repositioning is highlighted. While the study's strengths include a large sample size and multi-institutional data, the author acknowledges limitations such as the retrospective design and lack of clinical outcome data. The podcast concludes by emphasizing the promising impact of AI on radiologists' efficiency and patient safety, with the need for further validation and integration into diverse healthcare settings.

Full article: https://ajronline.org/doi/10.2214/AJR.23.29984 Robbie Hill, MD discusses an article in which the authors derive an optimal size threshold for determining retropharyngeal lymph node involvement in nasopharyngeal carcinoma (NPC) based on outcome predictions. The authors show that the optimally derived threshold of 6mm provides better outcome predictions and may lead to improved treatment decision-making for patients with NPC.

Full article: https://www.ajronline.org/doi/10.2214/AJR.23.29964 Xiao Xiao Tong, MD discusses an original research article that focuses on the pathological correlation of MRI scoring systems. The upgrade and downgrade rates from targeted biopsy to radical prostatectomy were not significantly different between patients whose MRI examinations were clinically interpreted using PI-RADS v2.0 or v2.1. Additional and alternative biopsy techniques with different accuracy rates should be considered in future research to implement the correlation between imaging findings and histology.

Full article: https://www.ajronline.org/doi/10.2214/AJR.23.29950 In this episode, Alessandro Micelli, MD discusses an article detailing the advantages that photon-counting detector (PCD) CT can give in the setting of lumbar spine CT, specifically in terms of better CNR and lower radiation dose exposure. This original research study represents first steps in the PCD CT era and will be useful to guide future studies to establish a standard protocol for specific indications of lumbar spine examinations.