Investopoly

I wrote a blog in December last year about how difficult personal risk insurance (e.g. income protection, Life and TPD) is becoming to obtain. Also, in December, the government directed Australian insurers to make some very significant changes to their products. I have been waiting to measure the insurers response to these directives. These changes will have a significant impact on your future insurance options.What is currently offeredBefore I discuss the changes that the government has asked for, it’s important to appreciate the status quo. Most income protection policies have four main variables:1. Benefit amountThis is the amount of income you are insured for. Most insurers allow you to insure up to 75% of your current gross income (not 100%, otherwise there’s little financial incentive to return to work). Benefit amounts are typically expressed as a monthly amount. This monthly benefit is taxed at your marginal tax rates – so a $10,000 benefit will result in an income of circa $7,140 per month after tax.2. Waiting periodThis is the period of time you must be incapacitated for before you are able to claim a benefit from the insurer. Typically, the options include 30 days, 60 days, 90 days, 6 months or 2 years. Often, the most economical wait period is 90 days. Benefits are paid one month in arrears. So, a 90 day wait period means you won’t receive any income for 4 months.3. Agreed or indemnityIf a policy is agreed value, it means that if you become fully incapacitated, you will receive the benefit irrespective of the level of your income prior to you becoming incapacitated. Therefore, someone could have an agreed value policy for $10,000, subsequently become unemployed and then have an accident and they will be paid the full benefit.Alternatively, an indemnity policy requires the insurer to measure your level of income in the period prior to you becoming incapacitated and pay the lesser of up to 75% of that amount or your insured benefit. This means, if your income was nil, you would not receive a benefit, despite paying the premiums for insurance cover (I elaborate on this further below).4. Benefit periodThe benefit period is how long you will receive a benefit for whilst you are still fully or partially incapacitated. Given we want protection against lDo you have a question? Email: questions@investopoly.com.au or for a faster response, post a comment on the episode's video over on YouTube: https://www.youtube.com/@investopolypodcast/podcasts If you're interested in working with my team and me, discover how we can work together here: https://prosolution.com.au/prospective-client/If this episode resonated with you, please leave a rating on your favourite podcast platform. Subscribe to my weekly blog: https://www.prosolution.com.au/stay-connected/ Buy a one of Stuart's books for ONLY $20 including delivery. Use the discount code blog: https://prosolution.com.au/books/DOWNLOAD our 97-point financial health checklist here: https://prosolution.com.au/download-checklist/IMPORTANT: This podcast provides general information about finance, taxes, and credit. This means that the content does not consider your specific objectives, financial situation, or needs. It is crucial for you to assess whether the information is suitable for your circumstances before taking any actions based on it. If you find yourself uncertain about the relevance or your specific needs, it is advisable to seek advice from a licensed and trustworthy professional.

With share markets at an all-time high and sentiment in the property market recovering, it is a great opportunity to divest of any underperforming (dud) investments.Not all investments perform as expected. Therefore, it’s important you regularly review them. This review should be completed without any influence of emotion – it’s all about the numbers.Let’s first discuss why now might be a good time to do this.The US share market is high, very highOver the past 11 years, the US share market has increased by an annual compounding rate of over 14.5% and is now trading at an all-time high. To put that in context, $50,000 invested in 2009 (in the S&P 500 index) would be worth over $220,000 today!The chart below which has been produced by Advisor Perspective records four commonly used valuation metrics for the US share market since 1900. This chart doesn’t need any commentary from me – it is obvious valuations are high! Probably, too high! In fact, the last time they were this high was in the early 2000’s during the dot-com bubble. Most of us know how that turned out – the market fell by around 40% between 2001 and 2003.The Australian market is high tooThe Australian market hasn’t risen anywhere near as much as the US market. It has increased by a compounding average of 6.9% p.a. since 2009 (compared to 14.5% p.a. for the US market). Looking at the CAPE Ratio valuation measure, the Australian market looks slightly overvalued (CAPE is currently 19.3 compared to presumed fair value of 17.6), but certainly to a much less extent than the US market.In a rising tide, all ships riseThe rising domestic and international share markets tend to drag all stocks with them, good and bad ones alike. Irrationally exuberant markets tend to ignore investment fundamentals.US electronic car manufacture, Tesla is a case in point. Its share price has risen from $450 per share to over $1,150 per share in the past year. Its market capitalisation is now nearly $200 billion yet it has never recorded a profit. In fact, it burns through more than $1 billion of cash per year! But, despite that, themarket suggests Tesla is worth 1.6 timeDo you have a question? Email: questions@investopoly.com.au or for a faster response, post a comment on the episode's video over on YouTube: https://www.youtube.com/@investopolypodcast/podcasts If you're interested in working with my team and me, discover how we can work together here: https://prosolution.com.au/prospective-client/If this episode resonated with you, please leave a rating on your favourite podcast platform. Subscribe to my weekly blog: https://www.prosolution.com.au/stay-connected/ Buy a one of Stuart's books for ONLY $20 including delivery. Use the discount code blog: https://prosolution.com.au/books/DOWNLOAD our 97-point financial health checklist here: https://prosolution.com.au/download-checklist/IMPORTANT: This podcast provides general information about finance, taxes, and credit. This means that the content does not consider your specific objectives, financial situation, or needs. It is crucial for you to assess whether the information is suitable for your circumstances before taking any actions based on it. If you find yourself uncertain about the relevance or your specific needs, it is advisable to seek advice from a licensed and trustworthy professional.

Over the past few years I have observed a strong trend of investment-grade house prices growing stronger than apartments. It is true that all markets move in cycles and all cycles come to an end, eventually. It’s my thesis that several factors (such as the fall in the volume of new apartments, contraction of borrowing capacity and high population growth) are conspiring to create a growth cycle for older-style, investment-grade apartments.Supply of new build apartments drying up, fastDevelopment approvals for new apartments has been falling dramatically over the past few years. In Sydney, the volume of new apartments approved for construction has more than halved since its peak in 2016. In Melbourne, approvals have fallen nearly 40% in the last 18 months. The Brisbane apartment market is almost non-existing with less than a quarter of the volume compared to the peak in 2016.Major residential developments typically have a lead time of at least 18 to 24 months (i.e. planning through to construction). Therefore, if this trend continues, there will be a massive supply-shortage of apartments within the next few years. There is still some pipeline stock to come onto the market, however, once those properties are completed, supply is expected to fall.New-build apartments aren’t constructed with the secondary market in mindPurchasing a new build apartment and an establish apartment are materially different things.Typically, a brand-new apartment purchaser is influenced by things such as apartment finish and building amenities such as theatre rooms, pools and gyms. In the beginning, these buildings are all shiny and new and present very well. However, they tend to wear and tear quickly and these largely superficial attributes become far less persuasive (and costly to maintain).Conversely, established apartment buyers rarely focus on these factors – mainly because older style apartments rarely offer such amenities. Instead, these buyers tend to focus on factors such as location, privacy, soundproofing, natural light, smaller blocks (fewer tenants) and so on.Understandably, when you compare a brand-new apartment to an established apartment, the shiny new object gets all the attention. However, because a newer apartment is no longer shiny after 3 to 5 years of wear and tear, an older-style apartment starts to look comparatively more attractive.Do you have a question? Email: questions@investopoly.com.au or for a faster response, post a comment on the episode's video over on YouTube: https://www.youtube.com/@investopolypodcast/podcasts If you're interested in working with my team and me, discover how we can work together here: https://prosolution.com.au/prospective-client/If this episode resonated with you, please leave a rating on your favourite podcast platform. Subscribe to my weekly blog: https://www.prosolution.com.au/stay-connected/ Buy a one of Stuart's books for ONLY $20 including delivery. Use the discount code blog: https://prosolution.com.au/books/DOWNLOAD our 97-point financial health checklist here: https://prosolution.com.au/download-checklist/IMPORTANT: This podcast provides general information about finance, taxes, and credit. This means that the content does not consider your specific objectives, financial situation, or needs. It is crucial for you to assess whether the information is suitable for your circumstances before taking any actions based on it. If you find yourself uncertain about the relevance or your specific needs, it is advisable to seek advice from a licensed and trustworthy professional.

With term deposit rates currently ranging between 1% and 2% p.a., and the prospect of further rate cuts by the RBA, many investors are contemplating where to invest their cash. Most commentators and economists agree that it looks like the interest rate environment will be lower for longer. If that turns out to be true, term deposit returns won’t even keep up with inflation. Therefore, most people will need to consider alternative investments. However, there is one potentially costly mistake that people commonly make when doing this. That is the topic of this blog.By the way, even if this doesn’t apply to you, it’s important to check that your parents aren’t making this potentially costly mistake. So, perhaps share this blog with them.You cannot talk about returns without also talking about riskBenjamin Graham, the father of value investing (and Warren Buffett’s teacher) said “The essence of investment management is the management of risks, not the management of returns.” This quote highlights the biggest mistake that investors make when considering alternative investments (to term deposits). They fail to consider risk.Often, people may be tempted to invest in high-yielding Australian shares. As I highlighted in last week’s blog, Westpac (for example) currently offers a grossed up yield of nearly 10% p.a. That is hard to resist when you compare that to term deposit rates.However, term deposits are almost risk free, especially if the amount is less than $250,000 and with a bank (ADI), as its guaranteed by the government. However, shares are one of the highest risk asset classes because they have a volatility rate in the range of 18% and 25%. This means that statistically, you should expect your investment returns to vary by this amount from year to year. For example, one year you might experience a 15% loss and the next year a 35% gain. Of course, it could be worse, and the market could crash. Share market and term deposits are at opposite ends of the risk spectrum.Don’t put all your assets in a risky basketThe common mistake that people make is not considering their risk allocation. For example, Keith has been retired for 5 years and historically he had $350k invested in term deposits and $650k invested in shares. This asset allocation (35% in Do you have a question? Email: questions@investopoly.com.au or for a faster response, post a comment on the episode's video over on YouTube: https://www.youtube.com/@investopolypodcast/podcasts If you're interested in working with my team and me, discover how we can work together here: https://prosolution.com.au/prospective-client/If this episode resonated with you, please leave a rating on your favourite podcast platform. Subscribe to my weekly blog: https://www.prosolution.com.au/stay-connected/ Buy a one of Stuart's books for ONLY $20 including delivery. Use the discount code blog: https://prosolution.com.au/books/DOWNLOAD our 97-point financial health checklist here: https://prosolution.com.au/download-checklist/IMPORTANT: This podcast provides general information about finance, taxes, and credit. This means that the content does not consider your specific objectives, financial situation, or needs. It is crucial for you to assess whether the information is suitable for your circumstances before taking any actions based on it. If you find yourself uncertain about the relevance or your specific needs, it is advisable to seek advice from a licensed and trustworthy professional.

Investing in shares can produce tax benefits. But it can also result in tax liabilities too. Terms such as “franking credits” and “imputation credits” (same thing) were frequently used during last year’s federal election (the Labor Party proposed to ban franking credit refunds). However, many people do not understand these concepts. So, this blog seeks to provide a simple overview of the possible taxation consequences resulting from investing in shares.There are two types of taxes that could result from making an investment (including share market investments) being income tax and Capital Gains Tax (CGT).Income tax and franking creditsSome shares pay investors an income which is called a dividend. This is typically paid twice per year (interim plus final dividend). The amount of the dividend can vary significantly (this is called the dividend yield – refer to this blog for a basic overview of investing in shares).A company can declare and pay a dividend from profit after it has paid tax. The dividend imputation system was introduced in Australia in 1987 by the Hawke-Keating Labor Government. Essentially, it sought to avoid the double taxing of corporate profits. This is best explained as an example.Assume listed company XYZ Ltd recorded a profit of $100. It would pay $30 in tax because the corporate tax rate is 30% for companies with turnover of greater than $50 million. So, its after tax profit is $70. If it paid the dividend to shareholders who are individuals on the highest margin income tax rate of 47%, they would pay $32.90 of tax (being 47% of $70). The amount of the dividend left after paying all taxes is only $37.10 meaning the effective tax rate is 62.9%! In this instance, company profits have been taxed twice – once in the hands of the company and then again in the hand of the shareholder. Hawke-Keating believed this double taxation was unfair. So, how does dividend imputation work?To avoid the double-taxing of dividends, shareholders obtain a credit for the amount of tax the company has previously paid. Using the example above, the company has already paid $30 in tax so the shareholders will obtain a credit for this amount.The formula is: cash amount of dividend plus franking credit multiplied by the marginal tax rate minus the fraDo you have a question? Email: questions@investopoly.com.au or for a faster response, post a comment on the episode's video over on YouTube: https://www.youtube.com/@investopolypodcast/podcasts If you're interested in working with my team and me, discover how we can work together here: https://prosolution.com.au/prospective-client/If this episode resonated with you, please leave a rating on your favourite podcast platform. Subscribe to my weekly blog: https://www.prosolution.com.au/stay-connected/ Buy a one of Stuart's books for ONLY $20 including delivery. Use the discount code blog: https://prosolution.com.au/books/DOWNLOAD our 97-point financial health checklist here: https://prosolution.com.au/download-checklist/IMPORTANT: This podcast provides general information about finance, taxes, and credit. This means that the content does not consider your specific objectives, financial situation, or needs. It is crucial for you to assess whether the information is suitable for your circumstances before taking any actions based on it. If you find yourself uncertain about the relevance or your specific needs, it is advisable to seek advice from a licensed and trustworthy professional.

An independent financial advisor does a lot more than just tell you how to invest your money. In fact, a lot of the work they do is ‘behind the scenes’ so I thought it was a good idea to share this information in a blog. This will give you a better idea of what a financial advisor does, and therefore whether you might benefit from having one.Develop a long-term strategy for youOne of the predominant reasons people engage a financial advisor is to help them map out a long-term investment strategy to work out how they will achieve their financial and lifestyles goals. This includes what to invest in, how and how much, also when and similar considerations. I believe that adopting a holistic approach will reveal the most efficient and effective strategy because it considers all facets including super, property and shares, tax minimization and so on.A long-term strategy must be robust enough to accommodate expected market and situational changes. However, it may be necessary to make small changes to the strategy as time elapses.Engaging the services of a professional advisor to help you with this will yield numerous benefits including reassuring you that you are taking the right approach, ensuring you don’t waste time and money pursuing the wrong strategy, making sure that you have considered various strategies (e.g. an advisor might recommend an approach you have never thought of).Research investment options and strategiesThe financial services industry is very dynamic and always changing. Fund managers are busily working hard to find an edge, a strategy that will help them produces better returns. Also, academic and peer research is published at an increasing rate – again, trying to identify the factors and market forces that will drive future returns.All advisors must keep on top of these new advances. More importantly, an advisor must work diligently to separate fundamentally sound strategies and products from “marketing”. A fund managers job is to develop products to attract investors’ funds. Sometimes, they pursue this goal at the cost of quality i.e. develop products that sound sexy but lack fundamentals and substance. Such products must be given a wide berth.I guestimate that I probably only use 1 out of every 50 to 100 products or strategies that I investigate. There’s a lot of rubbish out there so ‘buyer beware’ is a good mantra to live by.KeeDo you have a question? Email: questions@investopoly.com.au or for a faster response, post a comment on the episode's video over on YouTube: https://www.youtube.com/@investopolypodcast/podcasts If you're interested in working with my team and me, discover how we can work together here: https://prosolution.com.au/prospective-client/If this episode resonated with you, please leave a rating on your favourite podcast platform. Subscribe to my weekly blog: https://www.prosolution.com.au/stay-connected/ Buy a one of Stuart's books for ONLY $20 including delivery. Use the discount code blog: https://prosolution.com.au/books/DOWNLOAD our 97-point financial health checklist here: https://prosolution.com.au/download-checklist/IMPORTANT: This podcast provides general information about finance, taxes, and credit. This means that the content does not consider your specific objectives, financial situation, or needs. It is crucial for you to assess whether the information is suitable for your circumstances before taking any actions based on it. If you find yourself uncertain about the relevance or your specific needs, it is advisable to seek advice from a licensed and trustworthy professional.

Personal insurances such as Income Protection, Life insurance and Total and Permanent Disability (TPD) are becoming impossible to get unless you are in perfect health. This change has occurred gradually over the past few years but has now reached the point that it’s become a real concern. This has a number of consequences which I discuss below.Insurers have a bad nameWe heard some shocking stories last year via the Banking Royal Commission about insurance companies including questionable and even unethical sales tactics, unreasonably denying paying claims and so on. I’m not sticking up for the insurance companies. Their tactics are boarding on criminal. However, also, a big contributor towards these problems is that people don’t understand what they are buying.When it comes to insurance cover, the advantage of “no questions asked” might seem convenient, but it just isn’t in your favour. You want to ensure the insurer comprehensively underwrites your cover before they put the cover into force. This includes asking you questions, undertaking medical checks, reviewing medical history and so on. Doing so leaves them less room to use the excuse of a “pre-existing condition” to deny any future claim.Also, it’s important to understand the quality of the policy. Quality refers to the terms and conditions and definitions within a policy document. These all impact how comprehensive the cover is. If you get these two things right (i.e. quality and underwriting), you are much less likely to experience problems or nasty surprises down the track.What has changed?It is the underwriting and assessment process that has changed over the past few years. Insurers are, in our opinion, being over-stringent.Normally, if an insurer believes that you have a pre-existing health condition, they can take one of four actions:1. Approve the cover anyway (this is very unlikely); or2. Add an exclusion on the policy (meaning that you are not covered if that health concern causes you problems); or3. Add a loading onto the premium (i.e. charge a higher premium); or4. Decline the cover.A policy exclusion or outright decline are the most common outcomes – even for minor, inconsequential, asymptomatic health conditions! Lately, it seems that uDo you have a question? Email: questions@investopoly.com.au or for a faster response, post a comment on the episode's video over on YouTube: https://www.youtube.com/@investopolypodcast/podcasts If you're interested in working with my team and me, discover how we can work together here: https://prosolution.com.au/prospective-client/If this episode resonated with you, please leave a rating on your favourite podcast platform. Subscribe to my weekly blog: https://www.prosolution.com.au/stay-connected/ Buy a one of Stuart's books for ONLY $20 including delivery. Use the discount code blog: https://prosolution.com.au/books/DOWNLOAD our 97-point financial health checklist here: https://prosolution.com.au/download-checklist/IMPORTANT: This podcast provides general information about finance, taxes, and credit. This means that the content does not consider your specific objectives, financial situation, or needs. It is crucial for you to assess whether the information is suitable for your circumstances before taking any actions based on it. If you find yourself uncertain about the relevance or your specific needs, it is advisable to seek advice from a licensed and trustworthy professional.

The bushfires in NSW and Queensland recently reinvigorated the conversation about global warming and whether the Australian government is doing enough to combat it. I’ll refrain from sharing my thoughts on this topic (I’m sure no one cares what I think about this anyway), but I thought it was timely to write a blog about sustainable investing. If you are concerned for the environment, this is a way of ‘putting your money where your mouth is’.Sustainable investing grew by 35% between 2016 and 2018. It now accounts for over $70 trillion of assets globally.What is sustainable investing?Substantiable investing means that you only invest in companies that are combating climate change, are socially responsible and have good governance practices. In simple terms, its investing in businesses that are doing the right thing. And, maybe more importantly, not investing in the businesses that are doing the wrong thing.Sustainable investing is often referred to as ESG investing. ESG stands for Environmental, Social and Governance:§ Environmental relates mainly to climate change (greenhouse gas emissions) but also includes, resource depletion, waste disposal, pollution and deforestation.§ Social relates to matters such as human rights, modern slavery, child labour, working conditions, and employee relations. It includes avoiding investing in companies that are involved in tobacco, adult entertainment, weapons, gambling and so on.§ Governance relates to matters such as bribery and corruption, executive pay, board diversity and structure, political lobbying and donations, tax strategy.The organisation Principals for Responsible Investment (PRI) was established in 2006 under auspices of United Nations to help its signatories (investment managers) better understand and effectively implement sustainable investing principals.What impact can this have?An ESG fund can have a massive impact by avoiding companies with high carbon dioxide (CO2) emissions, for example. There are two types of omissions to consider: (1) actual omissions and (2) potential omissions. Potential omissions mainly relate to mining companies. It is the reserve of raw materials (minerals or whatever they are mining) that they have identified that still is yet tDo you have a question? Email: questions@investopoly.com.au or for a faster response, post a comment on the episode's video over on YouTube: https://www.youtube.com/@investopolypodcast/podcasts If you're interested in working with my team and me, discover how we can work together here: https://prosolution.com.au/prospective-client/If this episode resonated with you, please leave a rating on your favourite podcast platform. Subscribe to my weekly blog: https://www.prosolution.com.au/stay-connected/ Buy a one of Stuart's books for ONLY $20 including delivery. Use the discount code blog: https://prosolution.com.au/books/DOWNLOAD our 97-point financial health checklist here: https://prosolution.com.au/download-checklist/IMPORTANT: This podcast provides general information about finance, taxes, and credit. This means that the content does not consider your specific objectives, financial situation, or needs. It is crucial for you to assess whether the information is suitable for your circumstances before taking any actions based on it. If you find yourself uncertain about the relevance or your specific needs, it is advisable to seek advice from a licensed and trustworthy professional.

With the 2019 calendar year quickly drawing to a close, I thought it would be good to have a look at what next year might bring in terms of investment risks and opportunities.Over the years, I found that its best to form opinions on the economy by reading analysis/insights and attending economic briefings, whilst being careful to not overindulge. Too many opinions and viewpoints can confuse and sometimes send you down a rabbit hole. This should be complimented with real-world observation such as taking notice of retail traffic conditions, anecdotal discussions with businesspeople and so on. This approach has served me pretty well over the past few decades.The economy and the risk of recessionThere has been a bit of press lately about the risk of Australia and other developed economies (including the US) slipping into a recession.Australia is now in its 28th year of uninterrupted economic expansion – which is a world record for a developed economy. But all records must end someday. That said, population growth and raw-material (iron ore) exports have been big contributors to our economy over recent decades. I don’t see that changing anytime soon. However, some sectors of the economy have been really struggling. For example, retail trade has been flat in the year to September 2019. Retail weakness has mainly manifested in household goods (probably impacted by the property market slowdown) and department store sales (thanks to online competition). Wage inflation has also been low with the Wage Price Index recently coming in at 2.2%. Prior to early 2013, the index used to always be above 3% (and peaked at 4% just prior to the GFC). But this phenomenon isn’t unique to Australia – all developed economies around the world are struggling to generate wage inflation.In terms of globally, the US deserves the most attention because it’s the largest developed economy by far. The Fed Reserve has been cutting rates to keep the economy growing. President Trump has called for more rate cuts (even negative rates) and for them to recommence quantitative easing. Lower rates in the US are expected to depreciate the US dollar which should add some more fuel for the economy.On the whole, I think a recession in Australia or in the US is unlikely in 2020. Of course, both economies are getting closer to an economic slowdown as eachDo you have a question? Email: questions@investopoly.com.au or for a faster response, post a comment on the episode's video over on YouTube: https://www.youtube.com/@investopolypodcast/podcasts If you're interested in working with my team and me, discover how we can work together here: https://prosolution.com.au/prospective-client/If this episode resonated with you, please leave a rating on your favourite podcast platform. Subscribe to my weekly blog: https://www.prosolution.com.au/stay-connected/ Buy a one of Stuart's books for ONLY $20 including delivery. Use the discount code blog: https://prosolution.com.au/books/DOWNLOAD our 97-point financial health checklist here: https://prosolution.com.au/download-checklist/IMPORTANT: This podcast provides general information about finance, taxes, and credit. This means that the content does not consider your specific objectives, financial situation, or needs. It is crucial for you to assess whether the information is suitable for your circumstances before taking any actions based on it. If you find yourself uncertain about the relevance or your specific needs, it is advisable to seek advice from a licensed and trustworthy professional.

According to global bank Standard Chartered, the Chinese and Indian economies are expected to more than triple between 2017 and 2030. In fact, China’s Gross Domestic Product (a measure of a country’s economic output) is predicted to be more than double the USA. This is because the International Monetary Fund predicts that emerging economy growth rates will be nearly three times higher than developed economies. However, investing in emerging markets is not for the fainthearted.Developed versus emerging marketsStock markets are typically classified as either developed or emerging markets. Developed markets have a robust and reliable financial system. The country must be open to foreign ownership, ease of capital movement, and efficiency of market institutions. As such, the governments disclosure and regulatory regime is aimed at providing investors with reliable and trustworthy information. The largest developed economies include USA (accounts for 62.8% of all developed markets), Japan (8.4%), UK (5.5%), France (3.8%) and 19 other smaller countries including Australia.However, emerging markets are less developed. Their financial systems do not have the same level of transparency, accountability and regulatory oversight. The largest emerging markets include China (33%), Korea (13%), Taiwan (11.4%) and India (9%) plus 22 additional countries.Indexing doesn’t work as well If you have been a reader of this blog for some time, you would be well aware by now that I’m a strong believer in passive (index) investing. Passive investing is low-cost, very diversified way of investing in a particular market or asset class. It only employs rules-based methodologies - meaning that you don’t pay for expensive fund managers and we can back-test results (i.e. work out what the results would have been if you employed the same rules-based approach over the past 20 years for example). There’s overwhelming evidence that confirms passive investing produces higher returns in the long run. For example, based on data prepared by S&P Dow Jones Indices, only 16% of active fund managers have beaten the Australian index (ASX200) and less than 11% have Do you have a question? Email: questions@investopoly.com.au or for a faster response, post a comment on the episode's video over on YouTube: https://www.youtube.com/@investopolypodcast/podcasts If you're interested in working with my team and me, discover how we can work together here: https://prosolution.com.au/prospective-client/If this episode resonated with you, please leave a rating on your favourite podcast platform. Subscribe to my weekly blog: https://www.prosolution.com.au/stay-connected/ Buy a one of Stuart's books for ONLY $20 including delivery. Use the discount code blog: https://prosolution.com.au/books/DOWNLOAD our 97-point financial health checklist here: https://prosolution.com.au/download-checklist/IMPORTANT: This podcast provides general information about finance, taxes, and credit. This means that the content does not consider your specific objectives, financial situation, or needs. It is crucial for you to assess whether the information is suitable for your circumstances before taking any actions based on it. If you find yourself uncertain about the relevance or your specific needs, it is advisable to seek advice from a licensed and trustworthy professional.