Hobhouse was a pacifist and humanitarian all her life. Part one covers her work exposing terrible conditions at the concentration camps that Britain established in South Africa during the Anglo-Boer War. Research: "Boer War." International Encyclopedia of the Social Sciences, edited by William A. Darity, Jr., 2nd ed., vol. 1, Macmillan Reference USA, 2008, pp. 348-350. Gale In Context: U.S. History, link.gale.com/apps/doc/CX3045300221/GPS?u=mlin_n_melpub&sid=bookmark-GPS&xid=de8396d3. Accessed 17 June 2022. "Emily Hobhouse." Encyclopedia of World Biography Online, vol. 38, Gale, 2018. Gale In Context: U.S. History, link.gale.com/apps/doc/K1631010793/GPS?u=mlin_n_melpub&sid=bookmark-GPS&xid=3ffba52e. Accessed 17 June 2022. Brits, Elsabé. “Emily Hobhouse: Beloved Traitor.” Tafelberg. 2016. Brown, Heloise. “Feminist Responses to the Anglo-Boer War.” From “The Truest Form of Patriotism: Pacifist Feminism in Britain, 1870-1902.” https://www.manchesteropenhive.com/view/9781526137890/9781526137890.00015.xml Donaldson, Peter. "The Boer War and British society: Peter Donaldson examines how the British people reacted to the various stages of the South African war of 1899-1902." History Review, no. 67, Sept. 2010, pp. 32+. Gale In Context: U.S. History, link.gale.com/apps/doc/A237304031/GPS?u=mlin_n_melpub&sid=bookmark-GPS&xid=27ca4148. Accessed 17 June 2022. Gill, Rebecca and Cornelis Muller. “The Limits of Agency: Emily Hobhouse’s international activism and the politics of suffering.” The Journal of South African and American Studies Volume 19, 2018. Hobhouse, Emily. “Dust-Women.” The Economic Journal. Vol. 10, no. 39, Sept. 1900. Via JSTOR. https://www.jstor.org/stable/2957231 Hobhouse, Emily. “To the Committee of the Distress Fund for South African Women and Children. Report.” 1901. https://digital.lib.sun.ac.za/handle/10019.2/2530 Krebs, Paula M. "Narratives of suffering and national identity in Boer War South Africa." Nineteenth-Century Prose, vol. 32, no. 2, fall 2005, pp. 154+. Gale Academic OneFile, link.gale.com/apps/doc/A208109719/GPS?u=mlin_n_melpub&sid=bookmark-GPS&xid=15c90c3c. Accessed 17 June 2022. Nash, David. "THE BOER WAR AND ITS HUMANITARIAN CRITICS." History Today, vol. 49, no. 6, June 1999, p. 42. Gale In Context: U.S. History, link.gale.com/apps/doc/A54913073/GPS?u=mlin_n_melpub&sid=bookmark-GPS&xid=5d18555b. Accessed 17 June 2022. Pretorius, Fransjohan. “Concentration camps in the South African War? Here are the real facts.” The Conversation. 2/18/2019. https://theconversation.com/concentration-camps-in-the-south-african-war-here-are-the-real-facts-112006 Sultan, Mena. “Emily Hobhouse and the Boer War.” The Guardian. 3/3/2019. https://www.theguardian.com/gnmeducationcentre/from-the-archive-blog/2019/jun/03/emily-hobhouse-and-the-boer-war Tan BRY. “Dissolving the colour line: L. T. Hobhouse on race and liberal empire.” European Journal of Political Theory. May 2022. doi:10.1177/14748851221093451 Van Heyningen, Elizabeth. “Costly Mythologies: The Concentration Camps of the South African War in Afrikaner Historiography.” Journal of Southern African Studies , Sep., 2008. https://www.jstor.org/stable/40283165 See omnystudio.com/listener for privacy information.

This 2017 episode covers the Cuyahoga River catching fire for the last time in 1969. This event is often credited with helping pass the Clean Water Act and inspire the creation of the Environmental Protection Agency.See omnystudio.com/listener for privacy information.

Tracy and Holly discuss Deborah Sampson’s disguise as Robert Shurtlliff and women who were camp followers in the Revolutionary War. They also discuss Major Richard Bibb waiting until his death to emancipate his enslaved workforce.See omnystudio.com/listener for privacy information.

John Bibb is credited with cultivating Bibb lettuce. But his family’s legacy, good and bad, is all tied to having enslaved people build their familial wealth.    Research:  Seek Museum. https://www.seekmuseum.org/ O’Neal, Lonnae. “The bitter harvest of Richard Bibb: A descendant of slavery confronts her inheritance.” Andscape. October 14, 2019. https://andscape.com/features/the-bitter-harvest-of-richard-bibb-a-descendant-of-slavery-confronts-her-inheritance/ “Bibb Contributed to Logan’s Black History.” March 1, 1979. https://www.newspapers.com/image/554440735/?terms=John%20B.%20Bibb&match=1 Sanders, “John M. Bibb,” ExploreKYHistory, accessed June 23, 2022, https://explorekyhistory.ky.gov/items/show/47. “Bibb Town.” The Courier-Journal of Louisville, Kentucky. Oct. 10, 1897. https://www.newspapers.com/image/32971252/?terms=John%20B.%20Bibb&match=1 “The African-American Mosaic – Colonozation.” Library of Congress. https://www.loc.gov/exhibits/african/afam002.html Metzmeier, Kurt X., Constructing Freedom: A Letter by George M. Bibb Concerning the Will of the Rev. Richard Bibb, Sr. (2016). 9 Unbound: A Review of Legal History and Rare Books 133 (2016), University of Louisville School of Law Legal Studies Research Paper Series No. 2017-5, Available at SSRN: https://ssrn.com/abstract=2919345 “Townhouse of Maj. Richard Bibb.” The Historical Marker Database. https://www.hmdb.org/m.asp?m=123348 Goff, John S. “THE LAST LEAF: GEORGE MORTIMER BIBB.” The Register of the Kentucky Historical Society, vol. 59, no. 4, 1961, pp. 331–42. JSTOR, http://www.jstor.org/stable/23374698.  Morrow, Michael. “Bibb Slaves Sent to Liberia in Africa in 1832.” The Logan Journal. November 2009. http://theloganjournal.com/Stories.aspx?Article=guests10 Goff, John S. “THE LAST LEAF: GEORGE MORTIMER BIBB.” The Register of the Kentucky Historical Society, vol. 59, no. 4, 1961, pp. 331–42. JSTOR, http://www.jstor.org/stable/23374698 Swietek, Wes. “Unique bonds: Descendants of slaves and the man who freed them gather for reunion.” Bowling Green Daily News. August 3, 2019. https://www.bgdailynews.com/news/unique-bonds-descendants-of-slaves-and-the-man-who-freed-them-gather-for-reunion/article_140eccb6-4f51-59dd-b1df-7f2892c0e02a.html See omnystudio.com/listener for privacy information.

Deborah Sampson could count William Bradford and Myles Standish in her family tree. That tree didn’t include Robert Shurtlliff; that was the alias Deborah used to enlist in the Continental Army. Research: "Deborah Sampson." Encyclopedia of World Biography Online, vol. 37, Gale, 2017. Gale In Context: Biography, link.gale.com/apps/doc/K1631010696/GPS?u=mlin_n_melpub&sid=bookmark-GPS&xid=67aa7490. Accessed 13 June 2022. Cowan, Leigh Alison. “The Woman Who Sneaked Into George Washington’s Army.” New York Times. 7/2/2019. https://www.nytimes.com/2019/07/02/arts/design/the-woman-who-sneaked-into-george-washingtons-army.html Davis, Curtis Carroll. “A ‘Galantress’ Gets Her Due: The Earliest Published Notice of Deborah Sampson.” Proceedings of the American Antiquarian Society  1981-10-21: Vol 91 Iss 2. https://www.americanantiquarian.org/proceedings/44517675.pdf Foner, Philip S. “Black Participation in the Centennial of 1876.” Phylon (1960-) , 4th Qtr., 1978, Vol. 39, No. 4 (4th Qtr., 1978). https://www.jstor.org/stable/274895 Gannett, Deborah Sampson. “Diary of Deborah Sampson Gannett in 1802 (facsimile).” Facsimile by Eugene Tappan. 1901. https://archive.org/details/diaryofdeborahsa00gann/ Grant De Pauw, Linda. “REPLY: Deborah Sampson Gannett.” H-Minvera Discussion Logs. 2/9/2000. https://lists.h-net.org/cgi-bin/logbrowse.pl?trx=vx&list=h-minerva&month=0002&week=b&msg=7zkXCrd1QbfeT5kbVeln8A&user=&pw= Hiltner, Judith. “’The Example of our Heroine’: Deborah Sampson and the Legacy of Herman Mann's The Female Review.”  American Studies , Spring, 2000, Vol. 41, No. 1. Via JSTOR. https://www.jstor.org/stable/40643118 Hiltner, Judith. “She Bled in Secret’: Deborah Sampson, Herman Mann and ‘The Female Review.’” Early American Literature , 1999, Vol. 34, No. 2. Via JSTOR. https://www.jstor.org/stable/25057161 Hiltner, Judth R. “’Like a Bewildered Star": Deborah Sampson, Herman Mann, and ‘Address, Delivered with Applause’.” Rhetoric Society Quarterly , Spring, 1999, Vol. 29, No. 2. Via JSTOR. https://www.jstor.org/stable/3886083 Historic New England. “Gown.” https://www.historicnewengland.org/explore/collections-access/gusn/189811/ Katz, Brigit. “Diary Sheds Light on Deborah Sampson, Who Fought in the Revolutionary War.” Smithsonian. 7/2/2019. https://www.smithsonianmag.com/smart-news/diary-sheds-light-deborah-sampson-who-fought-revolutionary-war-180972547/ Lafleur, Greta L. “Precipitous Sensations: Herman Mann's ‘The Female Review’ (1797), Botanical Sexuality, and the Challenge of Queer Historiography.” Early American Literature , 2013, Vol. 48, No. 1. Via JSTOR. https://www.jstor.org/stable/24476307 Letter from Paul Revere to William Eustis, 20 February 1804. Transcript. https://www.masshist.org/database/viewer.php?item_id=326&img_step=1&mode=transcript#page1 Mann, Herman. “The female review: or, Memoirs of an American young lady; whose life and character are peculiarly distinguished--being a Continental soldier, for nearly three years, in the late American war. During which time, she performed the duties of every department, into which she was called, with punctual exactness, fidelity and honor, and preserved her chastity inviolate, by the most artful concealment of her sex. : With an appendix, containing charcteristic traits, by different hands; her taste for economy, principles of domestic education, &c..”  1797 . https://quod.lib.umich.edu/e/evans/N24494.0001.001?view=toc Michals, Debra, editor. “Deborah Sampson.” National Women’s History Museum. https://www.womenshistory.org/education-resources/biographies/deborah-sampson Michals, Debra.  "Margaret Cochran Corbin."  National Women's History Museum.  2015. www.womenshistory.org/education-resources/biographies/margaret-cochran-corbin. Nell, William C. “Colored Patriots of the American Revolution.” Robert F. Wallcut. 1855. https://archive.org/details/coloredpatriots00stowgoog/ Nellis, Rachel. “Deborah Sampson at War.” The American Revolution Institute. May 15, 2020. https://www.americanrevolutioninstitute.org/video/deborah-sampson-at-war/ Norwood, William Frederick. “Deborah Sampson, Alias Robert Shirtliff, Fighting Female of the Continental Line.” Bulletin of the History of Medicine. March-April 1957. Via JSTOR. http://www.jstor.com/stable/44443973 Phoner, Philip S. “Black Participation in the Centennial of 1876.” Phylon (1960-) , 4th Qtr., 1978, Vol. 39, No. 4. Via JSTOR. : https://www.jstor.org/stable/274895 Roberts, Cokie. “Founding Mothers.” Excerpted at the Museum of the American Revolution. https://www.amrevmuseum.org/read-the-revolution/founding-mothers Serfilippi, Jessie. “Deborah Sampson.” George Washington’s Mount Vernon Center for Digital History. https://www.mountvernon.org/library/digitalhistory/digital-encyclopedia/article/deborah-sampson/ Sharon Historical Society. “Publications of the Sharon Historical Society of Sharon, Massachusetts.” 1905. https://archive.org/details/publicationsofsh02shar/ See omnystudio.com/listener for privacy information.

This episode revisits the studio version of our live show the 2018 Seneca Falls Convention Days at Women's Rights National Historical Park. Lucretia Mott was small of stature, but made a huge impact as an abolition and women's rights activist, guided by her deeply held Quaker beliefs.See omnystudio.com/listener for privacy information.

Holly and Tracy talk about part of the Laocoön's story that didn't make it into the episode, and the ongoing debate about the sculpture. They also talk about Dr. Lucy Hobbs Taylor's tenacity, as well as dentists being unable to retire. See omnystudio.com/listener for privacy information.

Lucy Hobbs, later Lucy Hobbs Taylor, pursued a career in dentistry before that was recognized as an acceptable vocation for a woman. She got told no a lot, but became a well-respected leader in the field. Research: Kansas Historical Society. “Lucy Hobbs Taylor.” Kansapedia. https://www.kshs.org/kansapedia/lucy-hobbs-taylor/15500 Hannelore T. Loevy, Aletha A. Kowitz, “How the Middle West was won: women enter dentistry.” International Dental Journal. Volume 48, Issue 2, 1998. Pages 89-95. https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1875-595X.1998.tb00466.x. EDWARDS, RALPH W. “THE FIRST WOMAN DENTIST LUCY HOBBS TAYLOR, D. D. S. (1833-1910).” Bulletin of the History of Medicine, vol. 25, no. 3, 1951, pp. 277–83. JSTOR, http://www.jstor.org/stable/44443642. Britannica, The Editors of Encyclopaedia. "Lucy Hobbs Taylor". Encyclopedia Britannica, 10 Mar. 2022, https://www.britannica.com/biography/Lucy-Hobbs-Taylor “The Orphans’ Home.” The Western Odd Fellow. (Topeka, Kansas) Nov. 1, 1893. https://www.newspapers.com/image/486410523/?terms=%22lucy%20hobbs%20taylor%22&match=1 “About Women.” Arkansas Democrat. Dec. 9, 1910. https://www.newspapers.com/image/165471168/?terms=%22lucy%20hobbs%20taylor%22&match=1 University of Michigan Sindecuse Museum. “Lucy Beaman Hobbs Taylor.” https://www.sindecusemuseum.org/lucy-beaman-hobbs-taylor “Death of Mrs. Taylor.” Jeffersonian Gazette. Oct. 5, 1910. https://www.newspapers.com/image/71346872/?terms=%22lucy%20hobbs%20taylor%22&match=1 “Real Estate Transfers.” Jeffersonian Gazette. Jan 10, 1906. https://www.newspapers.com/image/71348331/?terms=%22lucy%20hobbs%20taylor%22&match=1 “The Mallet in Dentistry.” Vermont Record. Dec. 22, 1866. https://www.newspapers.com/image/489909413/?terms=%22lucy%20hobbs%22&match=1 “Our Illustrious Rebekahs.” The Western Odd Fellow. Aug. 15, 1895. https://www.newspapers.com/image/486410900/?terms=%22lucy%20hobbs%20taylor%22&match=1 “Resolutions by Dentists.” Lawrence Daily Journal. Sept. 16, 1901. https://www.newspapers.com/image/510842026/?terms=%22lucy%20hobbs%20taylor%22&match=1 https://lloydlibrary.org/wp-content/uploads/2019/10/The-Eclectic-Medical-Institute-of-Cincinnati-Analysis.pdf https://dentallifeline.org/resources/10-women-in-dentistry-that-have-made-an-impact/#:~:text=Lucy%20Hobbs%20Taylor%3A%20The%20first,Taylor%20(born%20in%201833). “Ellenburch, N.Y.” Burlington Democrat. July 27, 1872. https://www.newspapers.com/image/355391563/?terms=%22lucy%20hobbs%22&match=1 “Valued as a Keepsake.” The Jeffersonian Gazette. Oct. 12, 1910. https://www.newspapers.com/image/71346903/?terms=%22lucy%20hobbs%20taylor%22&match=1 “They Can Pull Teeth.” Chicago Tribune. Sept 7, 1895. https://www.newspapers.com/image/349465126/?terms=%22lucy%20hobbs%20taylor%22&match=1 “Dr. Lucy Hobbs Taylor, 1833-1910:A Lawrence, Kansas Pioneer in the History of Women in Dentistry.” Watkins Museum of History. May 6, 2009. https://web.archive.org/web/20171202053056/http://www.watkinsmuseum.org/archives/taylor.shtml See omnystudio.com/listener for privacy information.

Laocoön is a figure in Greek legend, and the inspiration for a beautiful sculpture in the Vatican Museums. And that work of art has been on quite a journey through time.  Research: “ANN: Archaeologist and art dealer Ludwig Pollak and his family to be remembered by memorial stones.” Art Market Studies. Jan. 7, 2022. https://www.artmarketstudies.org/ann-archaeologist-and-art-dealer-ludwig-pollak-and-his-family-to-be-remembered-by-memorial-stones-rome-piazza-santi-apostoli-81-22-jan-2022-930am/ Tracy, S. V. “Laocoön’s Guilt.” The American Journal of Philology, vol. 108, no. 3, 1987, pp. 451–54. JSTOR, https://doi.org/10.2307/294668. Darwin, Charles. “The Expression of the Emotions in Man and Animals.” 1872. Accessed online: https://brocku.ca/MeadProject/Darwin/Darwin_1872_07.html The William Blake Archive. “LAOCOÖN (COMPOSED C. 1815, C. 1826-27).” http://www.blakearchive.org/work/Laocoön Richman-Abdou, Kelly. “All About ‘Laocoön and His Sons’: A Marble Masterpiece From the Hellenistic Period.” My Modern Met. January 9, 2019. https://mymodernmet.com/Laocoön-and-his-sons-statue/ Virgil. “The Aeneid Book II.” Poetry in Translation. https://www.poetryintranslation.com/PITBR/Latin/VirgilAeneidII.php#anchor_Toc536009309 Ludwig, Wolfgang. “Der dritte Arm des Laokoon.”   Weiner Zeitung. Nov. 7, 2021. https://www.wienerzeitung.at/nachrichten/kultur/kunst/2111677-Der-dritte-Arm-des-Laokoon.html Rudowski, Victor Anthony. “Lessing Contra Winckelmann.” The Journal of Aesthetics and Art Criticism, vol. 44, no. 3, 1986, pp. 235–43. JSTOR, https://doi.org/10.2307/429733 “Cast of Laocoön and his Sons (Roman version of a lost Greek original), c.100BC-50AD.” https://www.royalacademy.org.uk/art-artists/work-of-art/Laocoön-and-his-sons-roman-version-of-a-lost-greek-original Squire, Michael. “Laocoön among the gods, or: On the theological limits of Lessing’s Grenzen’, in A. Lifschitz and M. Squire (eds.), Rethinking Lessing’s Laocoön: Classical Antiquity, the German Enlightenment, and the ‘Limits’ of Painting and Poetry.” Oxford University Press. 2017. Accessed online: https://www.academia.edu/35492441/M_Squire_Laocoön_among_the_gods_or_On_the_theological_limits_of_Lessing_s_Grenzen_in_A_Lifschitz_and_M_Squire_eds_Rethinking_Lessing_s_Laocoön_Classical_Antiquity_the_German_Enlightenment_and_the_Limits_of_Painting_and_Poetry_Oxford_Oxford_University_Press_pp_87_132_2017 “Digital Sculpture Project: Laocoön.” http://www.digitalsculpture.org/Laocoön/index.html Müller, Joachim. "Gotthold Ephraim Lessing". Encyclopedia Britannica, 11 Feb. 2022, https://www.britannica.com/biography/Gotthold-Ephraim-Lessing Britannica, The Editors of Encyclopaedia. "Laocoön". Encyclopedia Britannica, 28 Aug. 2019, https://www.britannica.com/topic/Laocoön-Greek-mythology. http://www.digitalsculpture.org/Laocoön/index02.html Shattuck, Kathryn. “Is 'Laocoön' a Michelangelo forgery?” New York Times. April 20, 2005. https://www.nytimes.com/2005/04/20/arts/is-Laocoön-a-michelangelo-forgery.html Catterson, Lynn. “Michelangelo’s ‘Laocoön?’” Artibus et Historiae, vol. 26, no. 52, 2005, pp. 29–56. JSTOR, https://doi.org/10.2307/20067096/ Montoya, Ruben. “Did Michelangelo fake this iconic ancient statue?” National Geographic. July 16, 2021. https://www.nationalgeographic.co.uk/history-and-civilisation/2022/03/this-italian-artist-became-the-first-female-superstar-of-the-renaissance Bruschi, Arnaldo. "Donato Bramante". Encyclopedia Britannica, 7 Apr. 2022, https://www.britannica.com/biography/Donato-Bramante Webber, Monique. “Who Says Michelangelo Was Right? Conflicting Visions of the Past in Early Modern Prints.” The Public Domain Review. https://publicdomainreview.org/essay/who-says-michelangelo-was-right-conflicting-visions-of-the-past-in-early-modern-prints Grovier, Kelly. “Laocoön and His Sons: The revealing detail in an ancient find.” BBC. July 22, 2021. https://www.bbc.com/culture/article/20210721-laocon-and-his-sons-the-ultimate-expression-of-suffering Howard, Seymour. “On the Reconstruction of the Vatican Laocoon Group.” American Journal of Archaeology, vol. 63, no. 4, 1959, pp. 365–69. JSTOR, https://doi.org/10.2307/501788https://www.jstor.org/stable/501788 Price, Nicholas, et al. “Historical and Philosophical Issues in the Conservation of Cultural Heritage.” Getty Publications. Sept. 26, 1966. https://books.google.com/books?id=4wi7Bdd8sBQC&dq=%22this+arm,+entangled+by+the+snake,+must+have+been+folded+over+the+head+of+the+statue,%22yet+it+looks+as+if+the+arm+folded+above+the+head+would+have+in+some+way+made+the+work+wrong%3B%22&source=gbs_navlinks_s Pliny the Elder, et al. “The Natural History.” Taylor and Francis, Red Lion Court, Fleet Street. 1855. Accessed online: http://www.perseus.tufts.edu/hopper/text?doc=Perseus:abo:phi,0978,001:36:4  See omnystudio.com/listener for privacy information.

This 2017 episode delves into urbanization and mechanization, and all the downsides they brought with them in Great Britain in the years after the Luddite Rebellion. In response, a radical group plotted to assassinate the Prime Minister's entire cabinet.See omnystudio.com/listener for privacy information.