“I didn’t know what to do. They were killing my children. I knew that If I went back there to help my children I would be cut to pieces. But I couldn’t stand to hear it, I couldn’t bear it. I was afraid that I would cry out, that I would scream, that I would be crazy. I couldn’t stand it, and I prayed God to help me.” Rufina Amaya“In El Salvador the rich and powerful have systematically defrauded the poor and denied 80 percent of the people any voice in the affairs of their country.” Ambassador Robert White “In 1981, as the ambassador to El Salvador, I refused a demand by the secretary of state, Alexander M. Haig Jr., that I use official channels to cover up the Salvadoran military’s responsibility for the murders of four American churchwomen. I was fired and forced out of the Foreign Service.” Ambassador Robert White“Presidents and senators don't have men killed.” “Who’s being naïve, Kay?” From The Godfather I am sorry to be taking you on this dark journey, but I strongly feel this is an important story that everyone should know. Over the years, I’ve tackled some heavy topics. This is definitely one of the heaviest. This episode covers some of the things that happened in El Salvador in the 1980s, in particular the story of the massacre at El Mozote, and how policies formulated by the White House supported death squads unleashing hell on civilians. As much as humanly possible, I’ll try to let the facts speak for themselves and not inject too much of my own commentary. I’ll pose here again the question that I asked in my previous episode… I’d like you to picture some of the most awful human beings you could possibly imagine… genocidal maniacs, torturers, child rapists. Got the picture? Ok. Now I’d like you to imagine if you can conceive of any circumstances in which not only you wouldn’t do everything in your power to stop them, but you would actually support them. Can you think of any scenario that would warrant you supporting people like that? Can you picture yourself fighting hard to make sure they have millions of dollars and supplies to carry out their activities? Keep your answer in mind as you listen to this episode.If you feel generous and enjoy History on Fire, please consider joining my Patreon at https://www.patreon.com/historyonfire to access plenty of bonus content.All the links to History on Fire social media can be found at https://linktr.ee/danielebolelli  Learn more about your ad choices. Visit megaphone.fm/adchoices

“It is easier for a camel to pass through the eye of a needle than for a rich man to enter he kingdom of God.” Matthew 19: 24"And the great owners, who must lose their land in an upheaval, the great owners with access to history, with eyes to read history and to know the great fact: when property accumulates in too few hands it is taken away. And that companion fact: when a majority of the people are hungry and cold they will take by force what they need. And the little screaming fact that sounds through all history: repression works only to strengthen and knit the repressed. The great owners ignored the three cries of history. The land fell into fewer hands, the number of the dispossessed increased, and every effort of the great owners was directed at repression. The money was spent for arms, for gas to protect the great holdings, and spies were sent to catch the murmuring of revolt so that it might be stamped out. The changing economy was ignored, plans for the change ignored; and only means to destroy revolt were considered, while the causes of revolt went on." John Steinbeck, Grapes of Wrath. I’d like you to picture some of the most awful human beings you could possibly imagine… genocidal maniacs, torturers, child rapists. Got the picture? Ok. Now I’d like you to imagine if you can conceive of any circumstances in which not only you wouldn’t do everything in your power to stop them, but you would actually support them. Can you think of any scenario that would warrant you supporting people like that? Can you picture yourself fighting hard to make sure they have millions of dollars and supplies to carry out their activities? Keep your answer in mind for the remainder of this series. This is a story about what happened in El Salvador in the 1970s and 1980s, and the role that democratic as well as republican administrations played in this tale. As much as humanly possible, I’ll try to let the facts speak for themselves and not inject too much of my own commentary. It’s not always going to be easy since it’s an intensely emotional subject. In a larger sense, this tale is a microcosm of the Cold War itself. It’s a disturbing, unsettling story about starving peasants and impossible choices. It’s about President Carter’s words weighed against his actions. It’s about the US government’s efforts to cover up the murders of four American churchwomen. And it’s about the heroism of one man, Oscar Romero, willingly sacrificing himself to shine a light into the darkness.If you feel generous and enjoy History on Fire, please consider joining my Patreon at https://www.patreon.com/historyonfire to access plenty of bonus content.All the links to History on Fire social media can be found at https://linktr.ee/danielebolelli  Learn more about your ad choices. Visit megaphone.fm/adchoices

Explore the grim realities of the Taiping Rebellion, one of the deadliest conflicts in history, with estimates of up to 100 million deaths. Delve into the chaotic leadership of Hong Xiuquan and the erratic shifts in power among the Taiping ranks. Witness the harrowing experiences of civilians and young women caught in the crossfire, including heartbreaking stories of loss. Discover the turbulent alliances with foreign powers and the brutal tactics used by both the Taiping forces and the Qing dynasty. This is a tale of tragedy, betrayal, and profound moral conflict.

The Taiping Rebellion, one of history's deadliest conflicts, is explored in this podcast. It delves into the rebellion's historical background, the role of Christianity, the Jesuits' strategy, Hong's preaching style and theological ideas, the rebellion's strict sexual regulations, land ownership and victories, the conquest of Nanjing, the role of Zengwofan, the British response, and the intense power struggle within the rebellion.

Explore the deadliest conflict in history, the Taiping Rebellion, with intriguing statistics and comparisons to World War II. Discover the bizarre story of Hongshoochuan and his divine visions that sparked a bloody civil war. Learn about Queen Victoria's role in the opium trade and her personal interest in drugs. Dive into the destruction of opium, unresolved problems in the trade, and the clash between British and Chinese forces. Uncover the significance of heavenly encounters and divine missions in China's future.

“If you know the way broadly you will see it in everything.” Miyamoto MusashiEver since I started History on Fire, one topic has been the most consistently requested by listeners. Over the years, I received hundreds of messages asking me to cover the life of Miyamoto Musashi. That time has come. Here we go.Musashi has been the subject of one of the greatest bestsellers ever written, a novel by Eiji Yoshikawa that sold over 120 million copies. And yet, the story of his life is mixed with so many myths and legends that it’s rather difficult to separate fact from fiction. He lived across the late 1500s and early 1600s, during the waning phases of the Warring States period. By that point, after over 100 years of on and off civil war, Japan was a country suffering with PTSD. Soldiers and civilians alike had all been exposed to insane amounts of bloodshed and brutality during the Sengoku Jidai. Musashi was born in the midst of that, so it’s little surprised that his is a tale filled with intensity and violence.In this second and final chapter of this series, I’ll explore some of the key events in the latter parts of Musashi’s life: from the siege of Osaka to the Shimabara Rebellion, from his adopting sons to his grief over the death of his daughter, from his exploration of Zen Buddhism to his writing of the Book of Five Rings, and much more!If you feel generous and enjoy History on Fire, please consider joining my Patreon at https://www.patreon.com/historyonfire to access plenty of bonus content.All the links to History on Fire social media can be found at https://linktr.ee/danielebolelli  Learn more about your ad choices. Visit megaphone.fm/adchoices

"The Lone Samurai, Miyamoto Musashi (Part 1)" features Miyamoto Musashi, a legendary samurai warrior. The podcast explores Musashi's intense life filled with violence and his contradictory relationship with his father. It also touches on his possible participation in the famous Battle of Sekigahara and his conflicts with the Yoshioka family and Sasaki Kojiro. A must-listen for history enthusiasts and fans of samurai tales.

“But the years of peace and plenty was not to last. Slowly the days turned sour and the watchful nights closed in. Thrór's love of gold grown too fierce and sickness had begun to grow within him. It was a sickness of the mind. And where sickness thrives, bad things will follow...” JRR Tolkien“The more White investigated the flow of oil money from Osage headrights, the more he found layer upon layer of corruption. Although some white guardians and administrators tried to act in the best interests of the tribe, countless others used the system to swindle the very people they were ostensibly protecting. Many guardians would purchase, for their wards, goods from their own stores or inventories at inflated prices.” David GrannYou may have heard of Killers of the Flower Moon, a new movie by Martin Scorsese, starring Robert De Niro and Leonardo DiCaprio. Or, maybe you have heard of the best-selling book by David Grann, on which the movie is based. In this episode, I do a deep dive into the murders at the root of the story. Back in the late 1800s, the Osage tribe was kicked out of their homes and pushed onto a plot of poor land where few people wanted to live. But the Universe has a sense of humor. Fast-forward a few years, and in a surprising twist of events it is discovered their land is not so poor after all, since it sits on some of the largest oil deposits in United States. Overnight, the Osage go from the deepest poverty to extreme wealth. A happy, feel-good story then, right? Not so fast. By the early 1920s, many Osage die in the prime of their lives—some are mysterious deaths. Others are clearly murders by poison, shooting and explosives. In this tale, I’ll tell you about oil, greed, murder mysteries, the birth of the FBI, and much more!If you feel generous and enjoy History on Fire, please consider joining my Patreon at https://www.patreon.com/historyonfire to access plenty of bonus content.All the links to History on Fire social media can be found at https://linktr.ee/danielebolelli  Learn more about your ad choices. Visit megaphone.fm/adchoices

In this podcast, the host explores the bizarre phenomenon of the Dancing Plague in Strasbourg in 1518, where people became compelled to dance until exhaustion and even death. The podcast delves into the historical context of the plague, discusses various instances of dancing plagues throughout history, and explores theories and unanswered questions surrounding the phenomenon. It also examines the connection between the dancing plague, medieval dance manias, and recurring annual attacks. Overall, it offers a fascinating exploration of this strange and disturbing historical event.

“Never in history had the United States Army been called on to rescue such a large number of POWs from so deep in enemy territory.” William Breuer “We were in the best shape of our lives, and with this mission we understood why he had driven us so hard.” Alvie Robbins speaking about Henry Mucci’s physical training“As far as we were concerned, they were gods.” Bob Body about the Rangers who rescued him and his fellow POWs.“Nothing in this entire campaign has given me so much personal satisfaction.” General MacArthur “I’ll be grateful for the rest of my life that I had a chance to do something in this war that was not destructive. Nothing for me can ever compare with the satisfaction I got from helping to free our prisoners.” Robert PrinceThis is the tale of one of the most daring missions in the history of WWII. After being defeated by the Japanese in 1942, by 1945 American forces were back in the Philippines ready to retake the islands. But their very success may have spelled doom for some survivors of the Bataan Death March, who had spent nearly three years as prisoners of the Japanese. Plenty of evidence, in fact, suggested that Japanese guards were ready to kill them all rather than letting them be freed. The only way to stop this imminent massacre was for a newly formed unit of Rangers, along with Filipino guerrilla fighters, to travel 30 miles behind enemy lines, face off with numerically superior forces, and rescue the POWs. By every logical metric, this had suicide mission written all over it. And yet, the Rangers and guerrilla, all volunteered. Rarely are war stories feel-good stories. But this may be the exception to the rule.   If you feel generous and enjoy History on Fire, please consider joining my Patreon at https://www.patreon.com/historyonfire to access plenty of bonus content. Learn more about your ad choices. Visit megaphone.fm/adchoices