ACR Journals On Air

In this episode, we’re joined by Dr. Atul Deodhar, a leading expert in the field of Axial Spondyloarthritis (AxSpA). Dr. Deodhar shares insights from his groundbreaking research on the pathophysiology, diagnosis, and management of AxSpA, particularly focusing on the efficacy and safety of IV secukinumab. We dive deep into his study, INVIGORATE-1, exploring the methods behind it, including the use of Interactive Response Technology, and the primary and secondary endpoints that shed light on this treatment’s impact. We also discuss the latest data on patient preferences for subcutaneous versus intravenous immunomodulators and the implications of these findings. Tune in for an informative and engaging conversation that blends cutting-edge science with thoughtful reflections on patient care. 

This week, we explore the genetics behind the production of antinuclear antibodies (ANA) in individuals without clinical autoimmune disease, using data from the All of Us registry. Our guest, Dr. Mehmet Hocaoglu shares insights into the significance of understanding ANA positivity and its potential genetic underpinnings, highlighting how large-scale genome-wide association studies (GWAS) can predict susceptibility to autoimmune conditions. We cover the study's methodology, the unique All of Us dataset, and the complexities of genetic analysis. Dr. Hocaoglu also discusses his personal journey in rheumatology research, offering advice for aspiring researchers, especially international medical graduates (IMGs).  

In this episode, our host is joined by Dr. Peter Nigrovic, an expert in Macrophage Activation Syndrome (MAS). Dr. Nigrovic, delves into the complexities of MAS. The discussion covers the syndrome's history, diagnostic challenges, mechanisms of inflammation, and the latest treatment strategies, including cytokine blockade, JAK inhibitors, and chemotherapy options. Dr. Nigrovic also reflects on his unique career journey, offering valuable insights into combining clinical practice and research, while sharing his philosophy for a fulfilling life in medicine and science. This episode is a thorough exploration of MAS and provides practical advice for clinicians dealing with this complex syndrome. Macrophage Activation Syndrome 

Dr. Mariana Kaplan, Chief of the Systemic Autoimmunity Branch at NIAMS and a leading lupus researcher, dives into the intriguing world of Neutrophil Extracellular Traps (NETs) in systemic lupus erythematosus. She explains how NETs and Low-Density Granulocytes contribute to inflammation and tissue damage in lupus patients. The discussion highlights potential biomarkers for disease activity and their implications for diagnosis and treatment, emphasizing the link between lupus and cardiovascular risks. Kaplan also shares her inspiring journey in tackling autoimmune diseases.

Dr. Victoria Werth, Chief of Dermatology at the VA Medical Center and Professor at the University of Pennsylvania, sheds light on the role of Type I interferons in autoimmune skin diseases like cutaneous lupus and dermatomyositis. She discusses the inflammation mechanisms and skin manifestations linked to these conditions, highlighting the challenges of misdiagnosis. Dr. Werth also explores advancements in immunotherapy, the personalized use of hydroxychloroquine, and the importance of collaboration in improving lupus treatment outcomes.

Inan Huang, an assistant professor of pharmacy administration and a research expert in rheumatology, discusses a pivotal study on opioid treatment trends for adults with systemic autoimmune and inflammatory rheumatic diseases. The conversation reveals how patients with conditions like rheumatoid arthritis face different challenges compared to the general population regarding opioid effectiveness and safety. Huang also addresses critical insights from the National Ambulatory Medical Care Survey, shedding light on disparities in prescribing practices and the urgent need for more research on long-term opioid use in these patients.

Dr. Elizabeth Volkmann, Director of the UCLA Scleroderma Program and founder of WINS, teams up with Dr. Carol Feghali-Bostwick, a distinguished professor and leader in scleroderma research. Together, they tackle the challenges women face in advancing scientific careers. They emphasize the importance of mentorship and networking, discussing how WINS fosters professional growth in scleroderma. Their insights highlight collective efforts needed to empower women in academia and ensure gender equity in research fields, fueling a vital conversation for future generations.

Dr. Grant Schulert, an expert in auto-inflammatory disorders and single-cell immune landscape research, joins forces with Dr. Arthur Kaser, a leading figure in inflammatory bowel disease and T-cell priming. They delve into the complexities of systemic juvenile idiopathic arthritis (SJIA) and reveal groundbreaking insights at the single-cell level. The discussion showcases innovative methodologies like UDON and SATAY-UDON, alongside exciting new therapeutic targets for autoinflammatory diseases, igniting curiosity for future advancements in medicine.

Nicola Dalbeth, a renowned professor and head of medicine at the University of Auckland, and Dr. Dansoa Tabi-Amponsah delve into innovative gout treatment strategies. They highlight the game-changing role of Dual-Energy CT (DECT) in visualizing urate crystals, enhancing patient care and remission possibilities. Discussions also cover defining gout remission criteria, ongoing research to predict patient outcomes, and the significance of early intervention in chronic gout management. Their insights shed light on future approaches to effectively fighting gout.

David S. Pisetsky, a Professor at Duke University and lupus pathogenesis expert, dives deep into systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE). He uncovers how antinuclear antibodies and active DNA interplay to trigger inflammation. The podcast explores various immune responses, from the historical LE cell discovery to the complexities of cell death mechanisms. Pisetsky also discusses the genetic factors influencing autoimmunity and offers insights into effective scientific writing, blending storytelling with rigorous research to improve communication in the field.