Philosophize This!

On this episode, we explore the benefits and drawbacks of optimism. First, we examine the various motivations for pessimism, and hear what Winston Churchill, Ralph Waldo Emerson, and Marcus Aurelius have to say about optimism. Next, we think about the vastly different implications of optimism in our personal lives and optimism on a societal level. Finally, we find out why Voltaire thought it was preposterous to think that we’re living in the best of all possible worlds and why he said, "Optimism is the madness of insisting all is well when we are miserable." All this and more on the latest episode of Philosophize This! Thank you so much for listening! Could never do this without your help. Website: https://www.philosophizethis.org/Patreon: https://www.patreon.com/philosophizethis Social:Instagram: https://www.instagram.com/philosophizethispodcastX: https://twitter.com/iamstephenwestFacebook: https://www.facebook.com/philosophizethisshow Learn more about your ad choices. Visit podcastchoices.com/adchoices

On this episode of the podcast, we discuss the many facets of belief. We start out by discussing two major complications that belief brings to the table. First, absolute certainty is impossible--even certainty about the fact that "certainty is impossible”. Second, we can convince ourselves to believe in literally anything we want (such as the belief that demonic possession is achieved through rustling curtains and slamming doors). Next, we talk about justified, true belief and the multitude of ways our beliefs can be proven wrong. Finally, we learn how to put our beliefs under a microscope and why it’s absolutely necessary to do so in order to achieve true knowledge. All this and more on the latest episode of Philosophize this!Thank you so much for listening! Could never do this without your help. Website: https://www.philosophizethis.org/Patreon: https://www.patreon.com/philosophizethis Social:Instagram: https://www.instagram.com/philosophizethispodcastX: https://twitter.com/iamstephenwestFacebook: https://www.facebook.com/philosophizethisshow Learn more about your ad choices. Visit podcastchoices.com/adchoices

On this episode of the podcast, we explore superstition in its various forms and examine the ways Berkeley and Voltaire tried to eliminate it in their work. First, we think about the superstitions we subscribe to in our everyday lives, whether it’s “an apple a day keeps the doctor away” or “the key to happiness is buying lots and lots of stuff.” Next, we learn why Berkeley wanted to throw out the notion that true reality lies behind the veil of perception and find out his answer to that cliché question about a tree falling in the forest. Finally, we begin our discussion of Voltaire and find out why he called Christianity "the most ridiculous, the most absurd and the most bloody religion which has ever infected this world.” All this and more on the latest episode of Philosophize This!Thank you so much for listening! Could never do this without your help. Website: https://www.philosophizethis.org/Patreon: https://www.patreon.com/philosophizethis Social:Instagram: https://www.instagram.com/philosophizethispodcastX: https://twitter.com/iamstephenwestFacebook: https://www.facebook.com/philosophizethisshow Learn more about your ad choices. Visit podcastchoices.com/adchoices

Dive into the intriguing limits of human perception and discover how our senses shape our understanding of reality. Explore the clash between deductive and inductive reasoning, illustrated through references to both crime scenes and science shows. Delve into Locke's theory on primary vs. secondary qualities, revealing the nuances of how we perceive the world. Plus, get a sneak peek into Berkeley's thought-provoking assertion that 'to be is to be perceived.' A captivating journey into the realm of philosophy awaits!

On this episode of the podcast, we continue our discussion of Gottfried Leibniz. First, we delve more into the feud between Leibniz and Isaac Newton, which we briefly mentioned last week. Next, we ask ourselves why God sometimes allows Steve Buschemi to murder innocent hitchhikers and why this question is so crucial to Leibniz. Finally, we return to the issue of free will vs. determinism and wonder whether we’re ever actually free to decide what kind of cheese to buy. All this and more on the latest episode of Philosophize This!Thank you so much for listening! Could never do this without your help. Website: https://www.philosophizethis.org/Patreon: https://www.patreon.com/philosophizethis Social:Instagram: https://www.instagram.com/philosophizethispodcastX: https://twitter.com/iamstephenwestFacebook: https://www.facebook.com/philosophizethisshow Learn more about your ad choices. Visit podcastchoices.com/adchoices

On this episode of the podcast, we begin our discussion of Gottfried Leibniz. First, we find out what important invention created a riff between Leibniz and Isaac Newton. Next, we learn about Leibniz’s theory of Monads (which are basically the atoms of the spirit world), and how they are programmed to ensure that we are living in the best of all possible worlds. Finally, we learn about Leibniz’s distinction between “necessary truths” and “truths of fact,” and how knowing the difference can save you a lot of time and confusion. All this and more on the latest episode of Philosophize This!Thank you so much for listening! Could never do this without your help. Website: https://www.philosophizethis.org/Patreon: https://www.patreon.com/philosophizethis Social:Instagram: https://www.instagram.com/philosophizethispodcastX: https://twitter.com/iamstephenwestFacebook: https://www.facebook.com/philosophizethisshow Learn more about your ad choices. Visit podcastchoices.com/adchoices

Dive into John Locke’s daring philosophy during perilous times, where ideas challenged monarchies. Explore the fiery Nature vs. Nurture debate, revealing how environments shape us. Discover Locke’s radical journey from monarchy supporter to revolutionary thinker. Envision a whimsical education system he might propose—more dancing, less reading. This discussion is packed with fascinating insights into how thoughts can ripple through society, transforming governance and individual learning.

Dive into the thought-provoking world of John Locke! Discover the intriguing questions of self-ownership and the rights we have simply by being born. Explore Locke's revolutionary ideas on ethics and how our understanding of the world shapes our moral frameworks. Delve into his advocacy for life, liberty, and property, and see how his concepts laid the foundation for modern democracy. Unpack the critique of patriarchalism and learn why Locke believes it's the government's duty to protect our natural rights.

Dive into the mind of Spinoza as we tackle his intriguing concept of God and whether a bulldog fits into the divine puzzle. Explore the idea of 'substance' and what Spinoza believes is the only true substance—spoiler alert: it's not H2O! The conversation turns to how God and nature intertwine and how this affects our notion of free will. With a humorous twist, we reflect on a relatable anecdote about uncontrollable urges triggered by familiar sights. It’s a philosophical journey filled with surprising insights!

Discover the life of Baruch De Spinoza and the perils of holding unpopular beliefs in his tumultuous era. Explore the chaotic political dynamics and the violent execution of Johan de Witt, dissecting the complexity behind mob mentality. Delve into Spinoza's radical views on faith versus reason, including his excommunication and thought-provoking correspondence with a former friend. Challenging the notion that religion alone breeds violence, this discussion unpacks deeper societal issues. Engaging and enlightening insights await!