Company Interviews

Interview with Rudi P. Fronk, Chairman & CEO of Seabridge Gold Inc.Recording date: 16th December 2024Seabridge Gold (NYSE:SA, TSX:SEA) is advancing KSM, the world's largest undeveloped gold-copper project, located in British Columbia. After investing over $1 billion and 20 years of development work, the company has secured key permits and indigenous support, positioning KSM for its next phase of growth.The project's 2022 prefeasibility study demonstrates impressive economics, with a planned 33-year mine life producing over 1 million ounces of gold and 178 million pounds of copper annually. The projected all-in sustaining cost of $600/oz gold (after copper credits) sits well below the industry average of $1,500/oz. With 47.3 million ounces of gold and 7.3 billion pounds of copper in reserves, KSM represents a strategic asset in the global energy transition.In July 2024, Seabridge achieved a crucial milestone by securing "substantially started" status for KSM, completing a major de-risking step. The company has engaged RBC Capital Markets to secure a joint venture partner, with discussions ongoing with major mining companies capable of developing a project of KSM's scale.Seabridge's proposed joint venture structure involves a two-phase approach: potential partners would first fund a bankable feasibility study to earn a minority interest, followed by an option to increase to a majority stake by funding construction. This structure aims to protect shareholder value while securing necessary development capital.Beyond KSM, Seabridge's portfolio includes the Courageous Lake project in Northwest Territories, hosting 11 million ounces of indicated gold resources. A 2024 PFS outlined a 12-year mine producing 200,000 ounces annually at $1,000/oz all-in costs. The company is also advancing the Iskut project in BC's Golden Triangle, which shows potential to become another significant gold-copper deposit.Under CEO Rudi Fronk's leadership, Seabridge has maintained a disciplined approach to capital allocation, with only 92 million shares outstanding despite extensive development work. Management's alignment with shareholders is demonstrated by significant insider ownership exceeding 20%.The company is well-positioned to benefit from favorable gold market dynamics, with gold reaching all-time highs in 2024. While central bank demand remains strong, Fronk notes the absence of Western investors in gold equities presents a significant opportunity for re-rating as these investors return to the sector. With gold mining stocks trading at multi-decade lows relative to bullion prices, Seabridge offers investors exposure to a world-class asset portfolio in an improving market environment.View Seabridge Gold's company profile: https://www.cruxinvestor.com/companies/seabridge-gold-incSign up for Crux Investor: https://cruxinvestor.com

Interview with Michael Hodgson, CEO of Serabi Gold PLCOur previous interview: https://www.cruxinvestor.com/posts/serabi-gold-lsesrb-doubling-production-by-2026-6040Recording date: 16th December 2024Serabi Gold (LSE:SRB), a Brazil-focused gold producer, is positioned for significant growth in the coming years as it executes on its three-stage strategy to optimize operations and expand production at its high-grade Palito and Coringa mines.In 2024, Serabi achieved several key milestones, putting it on track to meet its production guidance of 38,000 ounces, a 67% increase from the previous year. The successful commissioning of an ore sorting plant at the Coringa mine in December was a game-changer, enabling the company to upgrade the feed grade to its processing plant from around 5  to 15 grams per tonne. This will allow Serabi to boost gold production without having to expand its milling capacity.CEO Mike Hodgson outlined the company's three-stage growth plan: Stage one, now complete, was the construction of the ore sorters. Stage two is increasing production from 40,000 to 60,000 ounces per year over the next 18 months as the benefits of ore sorting are realized. Stage three involves an aggressive exploration program aimed at doubling resources from 1 to 2 million ounces to support a further expansion to 100,000 ounces per year.To fund this growth, Serabi is budgeting $8 million for brownfields exploration in 2025, a significant increase from recent years. The 30,000 meter drill program will focus on growing resources around the Palito and Coringa mines, which currently host 500,000 ounces each. If successful in doubling the resource base, Serabi would look to expand processing capacity either by building a second plant at Coringa or expanding the existing Palito plant.Serabi is well-funded to carry out its plans, with $20-25 million in cash expected by year-end 2024. This strong balance sheet provides flexibility to advance organic growth initiatives while also considering potential share buybacks, dividends, or accretive M&A.Investors have several reasons to be bullish on Serabi. The company is delivering strong production growth in the near-term through the successful implementation of ore sorting technology. Looking ahead, the exploration upside is significant, with the potential to double resources and expand production to 100,000 ounces per year. Serabi's high-grade mines, recently renewed mining licenses, and focused management team further derisk the story.In the context of the current market environment, Serabi's strategy is well-timed. With the gold price at elevated levels, the economics of optimizing high-grade mines are highly attractive. By deploying capital efficiently and using new technologies like ore sorting, Serabi is positioned to grow production and cash flow rapidly, with potential re-rate opportunities as the market recognizes the value of its assets.Overall, Serabi Gold presents a compelling investment case for those seeking exposure to a growing gold producer with a proven management team, strong financial position, and significant exploration upside. As the company continues to execute on its well-defined growth strategy, shareholders could be well-rewarded in the years ahead.Learn more: https://cruxinvestor.com/companies/serabi-goldSign up for Crux Investor: https://cruxinvestor.com

Interview with Eytan Uliel, CEO of Challenger Energy Group PLCOur previous interview: https://www.cruxinvestor.com/posts/challenger-energy-group-lonceg-high-risk-high-reward-oil-play-with-chevron-5146Recording date: 16th December 2024Challenger Energy Group, an AIM-listed oil exploration company, is making significant strides in offshore Uruguay's emerging oil province. The company holds two key offshore blocks - Area OFF-1 and Area OFF-3 - in the Pelotas Basin, which is geologically similar to Namibia's Orange Basin where major oil discoveries were made by TotalEnergies and Shell.In March 2024, Challenger achieved a major milestone by signing a farm-out agreement with Chevron for Area OFF-1. Under the deal, Chevron acquired a 60% operating stake in exchange for $12.5 million cash upfront and committed to carrying Challenger through a substantial 3D seismic program. Challenger retained a strategic 40% interest, providing flexibility for potential future partnerships.The company's Area OFF-3 block is following a similar development path, with 3D seismic reprocessing currently underway. Management plans to launch a farm-out process by mid-2025, targeting a deal by year-end. CEO Eytan Uliel describes Area OFF-3 as "as exciting, if not more so, than Area OFF-1."Following Chevron's cash payment, Challenger is fully funded for its 2025 work program, with drilling targeted on both blocks for 2027. The company maintains a lean overhead structure and benefits from Chevron's seismic carry, putting it in its strongest financial position in five years.The geological potential of the region has attracted major industry players. Following Challenger's early entry, companies including Shell, APA, and YPF have licensed the remaining offshore areas in Uruguay. This surge in interest follows significant discoveries in Namibia's Orange Basin, which shares geological characteristics with Uruguay's offshore basins.Despite these positive developments, Challenger's market capitalization remains modest at £13.5 million, with shares trading at around 5.35p. According to CEO Uliel, this represents a significant discount to the value of Chevron's cash and carry payments alone, suggesting a potential four to five-fold upside based on current market value.Key upcoming catalysts include Area OFF-1 3D seismic acquisition and processing, Area OFF-3 seismic reprocessing results, Area OFF-3 farm-out, and drill planning for both blocks. The company benefits from strategic backing, including investment from experienced energy fund Charleston Energy Partners.As Uliel notes, "Uruguay is where Namibia was three or four years ago," suggesting significant growth potential as the region develops. With a tightly held shareholder register and multiple near-term catalysts, Challenger offers investors exposure to a potentially transformational exploration program at an early stage.View CEG's company profile: https://www.cruxinvestor.com/companies/ceg-plcSign up for Crux Investor: https://cruxinvestor.com

Interview with Mark Selby, CEO of Canada NickelOur previous interview: https://www.cruxinvestor.com/posts/canada-nickel-tsxvcnc-advances-2b-crawford-project-with-construction-decision-set-by-2025-6249Recording date: 16th December 2024Canada Nickel Company (CNC) is advancing its Crawford Nickel Sulfide Project in Ontario's Timmins mining district toward a construction decision in 2025. The project is positioned to become the Western world's largest nickel sulfide operation, targeting the growing demand for battery metals in the electric vehicle sector.The company recently secured a landmark $20 million investment from Taykwa Tagamou Nation (TTN), a local First Nations group, through a convertible debenture - marking the largest First Nations investment in a Canadian mining project to date. This follows earlier strategic investments from major industry players including Anglo American, Agnico Eagle, and Samsung SDI, demonstrating strong market confidence in the project.Crawford's development has reached a crucial milestone with the filing of its Environmental Impact Statement (EIS), which has been accepted by the government. The project is now in a 365-day review period for permitting approval. The strong support from local communities and First Nations groups is expected to play a vital role in securing final approvals.The project benefits from its location in the established Timmins mining camp, with access to existing infrastructure including rail, highways, and low-cost hydroelectric power. This infrastructure advantage is expected to reduce capital requirements compared to more remote projects. The stable jurisdiction of Ontario adds another layer of security for investors.Canada Nickel's management team brings significant industry experience, including former executives from Inco, once the world's largest nickel producer. The team's track record includes successfully advancing the Dumont project from resource stage to construction readiness at RNC Minerals.The Crawford deposit's sulfide mineralization is particularly attractive for battery manufacturers, offering superior economics and environmental benefits compared to laterite deposits. This positions the project well within the growing electric vehicle supply chain, where Class 1 nickel from sulfide deposits is preferred for battery production.The company notes that Crawford represents a rare opportunity in the nickel sector, being the only large-scale project in Canada to file an environmental impact statement since 2019. This scarcity of new projects, combined with increasing demand for battery-grade nickel, creates a favorable market position for Canada Nickel.The project also holds additional exploration potential within the broader Timmins Nickel District, which the company believes could become the world's largest nickel sulfide resource. With strong strategic backing, experienced management, and advancing development milestones, Canada Nickel appears well-positioned to meet the growing demand for battery-grade nickel in North America.View Canada Nickel's company profile: https://www.cruxinvestor.com/companies/canada-nickelSign up for Crux Investor: https://cruxinvestor.com

Interview with Sam Lee, President & CEO of NorthIsle Copper & Gold Inc.Our previous interview: https://www.cruxinvestor.com/posts/northisle-copper-gold-tsxvncx-strategic-phasing-reduces-capital-requirement-6133Recording date: 11th December 2024NorthIsle Copper & Gold (TSX-V: NCX) is advancing one of British Columbia's largest copper-gold porphyry deposits not currently owned by a major mining company. The company is implementing a strategic phased development approach at its North Island Project, focusing initially on higher-margin resources to optimize project economics.The company recently secured a significant $10 million financing from two major institutional investors - one from the US and one from Canada - demonstrating strong market confidence in the project. These funds will support ongoing exploration and development activities throughout 2025.The initial development phase targets the Northwest Expo and Red Dog zones, which contain approximately 70-100 million tonnes grading 0.50-0.55% copper-equivalent, with a notably higher gold component. This strategic focus on higher-grade mineralization aims to enhance early-stage project economics while reducing initial capital requirements.CEO Sam Lee has outlined the company's transition from its earlier development concept. The previous 2021 PEA envisioned a larger operation with $1.1 billion NPV and $1.4 billion capex, producing approximately 100 million pounds of copper and 100,000 ounces of gold annually. The new approach aims for a more manageable 40,000 tonnes per day operation, compared to the original 70,000-80,000 tonnes per day plan, with increased gold production in the early phase.The project benefits from its location in British Columbia, historically recognized as Canada's copper mining hub. The site leverages over $100 million in existing infrastructure, including paved roads, a deep-water port, and hydroelectric power, significantly reducing development risks and capital requirements.A key upcoming catalyst is the updated Preliminary Economic Assessment, scheduled for Q1 2025. This study will incorporate recent exploration successes and demonstrate the economic advantages of the phased development approach.The investment thesis is supported by strong macro fundamentals, particularly the growing copper demand driven by global electrification and decarbonization initiatives. With few large-scale copper projects available in stable jurisdictions, NorthIsle is well-positioned to benefit from these market dynamics.The company's strategy follows the successful model implemented by Artemis Gold at their Blackwater project, focusing on a phased approach to reduce initial capital requirements while maximizing returns. This approach, combined with strong institutional backing and significant infrastructure advantages, positions NorthIsle to potentially deliver substantial value as it advances toward development.The updated PEA in early 2025 is expected to be a significant milestone in quantifying the economic benefits of this revised development strategy.View NorthIsle Copper & Gold's company profile: https://www.cruxinvestor.com/companies/northisle-copper-goldSign up for Crux Investor: https://cruxinvestor.com

Interview with Alan Carter, President & CEO of Cabral Gold Inc.Our previous interview: https://www.cruxinvestor.com/posts/cabral-gold-tsxvcbr-positive-pfs-shows-low-cost-high-return-gold-starter-operation-6127Recording date: 13th December 2024Cabral Gold is advancing its district-scale gold project in Brazil, which currently holds 1.2 million ounces of indicated and inferred resources across multiple deposits. The company recently released a Pre-Feasibility Study (PFS) for a starter oxide gold mine, demonstrating robust economics with a post-tax IRR of 47% at $2,250/oz gold, increasing to 83% at $2,700/oz gold. The project requires a modest initial capital investment of US$37 million.The starter operation aims to process soft, weathered saprolite material and is expected to produce approximately 20,000 ounces of gold annually at all-in sustaining costs of around $1,200/oz. This strategic approach will allow Cabral to generate cash flow to fund further exploration without diluting shareholders through repeated equity raises.Beyond the initial mine plan, Cabral's project shows significant exploration potential. The company has identified 4-5 known deposits and over 50 peripheral targets with high-grade gold mineralization. Recent drilling has yielded impressive results, including 11 meters grading 33g/t gold at the new Machichie Northeast discovery, along with other notable intercepts such as 27m @ 6.9g/t and 39m @ 5.1g/t at various targets.CEO Alan Carter, who was involved in discovering the neighboring Tocantinzinho deposit, highlights the project's scale by comparing soil anomalies: while Tocantinzinho's anomaly spans about one kilometer, Cuiú Cuiú's extends for 7 kilometers and remains open. Historical artisanal gold production at Cuiú Cuiú was reportedly ten times larger than at Tocantinzinho, suggesting significant untapped potential.The company is currently valued at approximately US$35 million, based on a share price of C$0.22 and 212 million shares outstanding. This translates to roughly US$25 per ounce of gold in the ground, which management considers undervalued compared to peer companies. Carter has demonstrated his confidence in the project by investing nearly $2 million of his own money in Cabral Gold.The company continues to drill and upgrade its resource base, with recent work focused on converting inferred resources to indicated status. This ongoing work is expected to improve the project's NPV and IRR in the near term. With a clear path to production, significant exploration upside, and strong gold market fundamentals, Cabral Gold appears well-positioned to advance its Cuiú Cuiú project while maintaining focus on shareholder value creation.View Cabral Gold's company profile: https://www.cruxinvestor.com/companies/cabral-goldSign up for Crux Investor: https://cruxinvestor.com

Interview with Frederick H. Earnest, President & CEO of Vista GoldOur previous interview: https://www.cruxinvestor.com/posts/vista-gold-tsxvgz-smaller-scale-strategy-to-enhance-economics-5520Recording date: 11th December 2024Vista Gold Corp (NYSE-AMERICAN & TSX:VGZ) has unveiled plans to transform its flagship Mount Todd gold project in Australia's Northern Territory through a new, optimized development approach. The company is pivoting from its previous large-scale development plan to a more manageable and capital-efficient operation.The new feasibility study, currently underway, will evaluate a 15,000 tonne per day operation, significantly scaled down from the original 50,000 tonne per day plan. This revised approach aims to reduce initial capital costs from over $1 billion to less than $400 million, representing a 60% reduction. Despite the smaller scale, the project is expected to maintain robust production of 150,000-200,000 ounces of gold annually over a mine life exceeding 30 years.Vista Gold plans to enhance project economics by implementing a higher cut-off grade of 0.45-0.5 g/t gold, up from the previous 0.35 g/t. This adjustment is expected to lift the reserve grade closer to 1.0 g/t, though it will reduce the overall reserve to approximately 5-5.5 million ounces of gold. The company will also incorporate contract mining to optimize capital costs, though this will result in slightly higher all-in sustaining costs of $1,200-$1,250 per ounce.Recent exploration success has added another dimension to the project's potential. Drilling at the new South Crossload area has revealed significant high-grade intercepts, including 2.1 meters at 13.0 g/t gold and 1.0 meter at approximately 26 g/t gold. This previously unknown style of mineralization suggests potential for future underground mining operations to supplement the main project.A key advantage of Mount Todd is its advanced permitting status, with all major authorizations secured, including Federal Environmental Impact Statement approval and Northern Territory operating permits. This positions the project for rapid advancement once a construction decision is made.The development strategy aligns with broader industry trends, as global gold producers face declining reserves and limited new discoveries. Vista Gold's CEO Frederick Earnest emphasizes that the industry cannot sustain current production levels of approximately 3,000 tons of gold annually without developing new projects and making major discoveries.With the feasibility study expected to be completed in mid-2025, Vista Gold aims to demonstrate Mount Todd's potential as a significant new gold producer in a stable mining jurisdiction. View Vista Gold's company profile: https://www.cruxinvestor.com/companies/vista-gold-corporationSign up for Crux Investor: https://cruxinvestor.com

Interview with Bruce Lane, Executive Director of GTI Energy Ltd.Our previous interview: https://www.cruxinvestor.com/posts/gti-energy-asxgtr-powering-up-lo-herma-isr-uranium-project-in-wyoming-6279Recording date: 12th December 2024GTI Energy has announced a significant milestone at its Luma ISR uranium project in Wyoming, with an updated resource of 8.57 million pounds U3O8, representing a 50% increase. Notably, 30% of the resource has been upgraded to the indicated category, strengthening the project's development potential.The company believes this resource size is sufficient to support a central processing plant and satellite operation model, common in Wyoming's uranium sector. The project also holds additional exploration upside of 6-11 million pounds, while GTI's total Wyoming resource inventory exceeds 10 million pounds.GTI is now advancing a scoping study, expected in the first half of 2025, to establish project economics and development options. The study will particularly examine the viability of a central processing plant and satellite facilities, following a model successfully employed by other operators in the region like Ur-Energy.Wyoming's status as an established uranium mining jurisdiction, with seven permitted facilities and multiple advancing projects, provides GTI with significant advantages. The company's CEO Bruce Lane emphasizes that uranium projects are executable in Wyoming "as long as the price is there," noting current market conditions appear supportive.The company occupies a strategic position in the uranium development lifecycle, more advanced than early-stage explorers but not yet at the level of fully permitted producers. This positioning offers investors exposure to uranium price upside while potentially carrying lower risk than pure exploration plays.The broader uranium market context appears favorable, with growing supply deficits and increasing focus on domestic U.S. production. Recent geopolitical developments, particularly regarding Russian supply disruptions, have heightened the value of U.S.-based uranium projects. As Lane notes, "U.S. pounds are obviously looking more and more valuable as the U.S. tries to backfill that 50 million pound annual gap."The investment case for GTI centers on several key factors: its meaningful resource base in an established mining jurisdiction, upcoming scoping study as a potential catalyst, exposure to uranium price upside, and the increasing attractiveness of U.S. projects to domestic utilities. The company currently trades at what it considers a discount to peers on a per-pound basis.Looking ahead, the uranium industry faces a structural supply deficit as nuclear energy demand growth outpaces primary mine supply. This situation, combined with increasing focus on supply security and government support for domestic production, creates opportunities for projects in stable jurisdictions like the U.S. to advance and help fill the supply gap.View GTI Energy's company profile: https://www.cruxinvestor.com/companies/gti-energySign up for Crux Investor: https://cruxinvestor.com

Interview with Dan Blondal, CEO at Nano One Materials Corp.Our previous interview: https://www.cruxinvestor.com/posts/nano-one-materials-tsxnano-patented-process-slashes-cost-accelerates-battery-production-5357Recording date: 10th December 2024Canadian technology company Nano One Materials is revolutionizing lithium-ion battery manufacturing with its innovative one-pot process for cathode materials production. The company's approach significantly reduces costs, complexity, and environmental impact by eliminating wastewater and combining multiple manufacturing steps into a single reaction.Traditional cathode material production involves separate precursor (PCAM) and cathode active material (CAM) processes, often conducted in different countries. Nano One's patented technology streamlines this by mixing lithium and other metals together in one step, creating the final cathode powder more efficiently.The company is initially focusing on lithium iron phosphate (LFP) cathodes, known for being the lowest cost, safest, and longest-lasting option in the lithium-ion battery family. While historically considered less energy-dense than alternatives, LFP has seen significant improvements and currently commands up to 70% market share in China.To commercialize its technology, Nano One has partnered with global engineering firm Worley to develop standardized, modular plant designs. This partnership aims to create a licensing model where chemical, battery, or industrial companies can implement the technology with reduced engineering costs and faster deployment times. The business model includes upfront licensing fees and ongoing royalties based on plant output.The company has gained significant government support, receiving US $12.9 million from the U.S. Department of Defense and CAD $18 million from the Quebec government. These investments support the expansion of Nano One's Quebec facility and demonstrate confidence in the company's potential to strengthen North American battery supply chains.According to CEO Dan Blondal, the process delivers up to 30% reduction in operating costs, over 30% reduction in capital costs, and up to 80% energy reduction compared to traditional methods. The elimination of wastewater treatment infrastructure also simplifies plant permitting and operations.Nano One's technology is chemistry-agnostic, meaning it can be adapted for various battery chemistries beyond LFP. This versatility, combined with growing demand for electric vehicles and energy storage solutions, positions the company to capitalize on the expanding battery market. Industry forecasts project the lithium-ion battery cathode materials market to reach $89 billion by 2030.With battery gigafactories under construction across North America and Europe, Nano One's clean manufacturing process and modular plant strategy could play a crucial role in establishing localized, sustainable battery supply chains outside of Asia.Learn more: https://www.cruxinvestor.com/companies/nano-one-materialsSign up for Crux Investor: https://cruxinvestor.com

Interview with Jason Jessup, CEO of Magna Mining Inc.Our previous interview: https://www.cruxinvestor.com/posts/magna-mining-tsxvnicu-unlocking-value-in-sudburys-high-grade-copper-nickel-projects-5062Recording date: 10th December 2024Magna Mining is set to acquire the McCreedy West copper mine and other Sudbury assets from KGHM in a transformational $9.3 million deal expected to close in Q1 2025. The acquisition includes the producing McCreedy West mine, two mines on care and maintenance (Levack and Podolsky), and five exploration properties in the Sudbury Basin.McCreedy West, currently producing 317,000 tonnes annually at 1.6% copper, will serve as the foundation for Magna's growth strategy. The underground mine features three distinct zones: a nickel-rich Main zone, copper-dominant 700 Complex, and PGM-rich PM zone. Magna plans to optimize and expand production from the current 900 tonnes per day to 1,500 tonnes per day by the end of 2025, potentially generating $20-40 million in free cash flow by 2026.The company has outlined an ambitious development sequence, using McCreedy West's cash flow to fund the restart of the historic Levack mine in 2026. Levack contains a high-grade resource of 700,000 tonnes at 4% copper, 1% nickel, and 4-5 g/t PGMs. During its previous operation under FNX Mining, Levack consistently produced exceptional grades of 8-10% copper with significant precious metal credits.Magna's growth strategy extends beyond these initial assets. The company plans to advance its 100%-owned Crean Hill project, with a pre-feasibility study scheduled for H2 2025 and potential production by 2027. By year-end 2027, Magna envisions operating three mines in commercial production, with Podolsky representing a fourth future opportunity.The acquisition particularly resonates with Magna's management team, led by CEO Jason Jessup, who previously operated these assets at FNX Mining. Under their management, FNX transformed similar non-core INCO assets into a $1.5 billion company that was later acquired.Beyond the production potential, Magna sees significant exploration upside, particularly in the 2-kilometer trend between McCreedy West and Levack. This underexplored footwall environment has historically yielded high-grade discoveries, and the company expects to announce a new discovery within two years.The strategy aligns with growing copper demand driven by global electrification trends. S&P Global forecasts copper demand to double to 50 million metric tons by 2035, driven by electric vehicles, renewable energy infrastructure, and grid modernization. With established infrastructure in the tier-one Sudbury jurisdiction and access to multiple processing facilities, Magna is positioning itself to capitalize on these favorable market fundamentals while minimizing capital requirements through staged development of its asset portfolio.View Magna Mining's company profile: https://www.cruxinvestor.com/companies/magna-miningSign up for Crux Investor: https://cruxinvestor.com