Physio Edge podcast with David Pope

A young male patient woke with an acute onset of constant, shooting shoulder pain, is painful into abduction, reluctant to lift his arm, and feels like he’s losing shoulder strength. He has no recent history of injury. Can you diagnose this unusual cause of shoulder pain, based on this patient's symptoms and physical tests? What are your differential diagnoses and red flags to keep in mind with this patient? In this podcast, Jo Gibson puts your knowledge of shoulder pain and diagnostic skills to the test, and explores how you can treat patients with this diagnosis. Podcast handout Free webinar “5 common mistakes therapists make with shoulder pain, and what to do about them” with Jo Gibson Register now for the free webinar "5 common mistakes therapists make with shoulder pain, and what to do about them" with Jo Gibson (Upper Limb Specialist Physio) Frozen and stiff shoulder assessment & treatment with Jo Gibson Improve your assessment and treatment of frozen and stiff shoulders now with Jo Gibson’s online course at clinicaledge.co/frozenshoulder Shoulder: Steps to Success online course with Jo Gibson Improve your assessment and treatment of shoulder pain with the Shoulder: Steps to Success online course with Jo Gibson, now available for enrolment at clinicaledge.co/shouldersuccess CLICK HERE to get access to Sherlock Holmes and the sign of the four hypotheses with Nick Kendrick Links associated with this episode: Improve your assessment and treatment of frozen and stiff shoulders now with Jo Gibson’s online course at clinicaledge.co/frozenshoulder Improve your shoulder assessment & treatment with the Shoulder: Steps to Success online course with Jo Gibson Download and subscribe to the podcast on iTunes Download the podcast now using the best podcast app currently in existence - Overcast Listen to the podcast on Spotify Improve your confidence and clinical reasoning with a free trial Clinical Edge membership Let David know what you liked about this podcast on Twitter Review the podcast on iTunes Like the podcast on Facebook Infographics by Clinical Edge Jo Gibson on Twitter Articles associated with this episode: Download the podcast handout to receive the articles associated with this podcast. Clarke CJ, Torrance E, McIntosh J, Funk L. Neuralgic amyotrophy is not the most common neurologic disorder of the shoulder: a 78-month prospective study of 60 neurologic shoulder patients in a specialist shoulder clinic. Journal of shoulder and elbow surgery. 2016 Dec 1;25(12):1997-2004. Cup EH, Ijspeert J, Janssen RJ, Bussemaker-Beumer C, Jacobs J, Pieterse AJ, van der Linde H, van Alfen N. Residual complaints after neuralgic amyotrophy. Archives of physical medicine and rehabilitation. 2013 Jan 1;94(1):67-73. DO MAGDALIA PB. Neuralgic Amyotrophy. Challenging Neuropathic Pain Syndromes: Evaluation and Evidence-Based Treatment. 2017 Nov 12:197. Feinberg JH, Nguyen ET, Boachie‐Adjei K, Gribbin C, Lee SK, Daluiski A, Wolfe SW. The electrodiagnostic natural history of parsonage–turner syndrome. Muscle & nerve. 2017 Oct;56(4):737-43. Lustenhouwer R, Cameron IG, van Alfen N, Oorsprong TD, Toni I, van Engelen BG, Groothuis JT, Helmich RC. Altered sensorimotor representations after recovery from peripheral nerve damage in neuralgic amyotrophy. Cortex. 2020 Feb 28. Seror P. Neuralgic amyotrophy. An update. Joint Bone Spine. 2017 Mar 1;84(2):153-8.

Do you include stretches in your treatment of shoulder pain? Have you ever identified a glenohumeral internal rotation deficit (GIRD) and used the "Sleeper stretch" to help improve internal rotation? Do stretches have any value for shoulder pain, or are there better treatment options? In this podcast, Jo Gibson (Clinical Physiotherapy Specialist) discusses how to differentiate true capsular stiffness from muscle stiffness, what information GIRD provides, and whether sleeper stretches for shoulder pain are a useful treatment. Jo explores the current research and clinical implications on your treatment, including: What is the driver of decreased range of movement (ROM)? If we get immediate changes in ROM with a sleeper stretch, does that mean we should use this as a treatment? Is stretching an effective, efficient and evidence-based treatment? Can we use strengthening movements to improve range and cuff recruitment? What exercises can you use with patients with GIRD to improve ROM and cuff recruitment? Humeral retroversion and how torsional load from throwing sports at a young age impact your ROM assessment. If you have a patient with GIRD, what does this tell you? In patients with true capsular stiffness, does stretching in combination with damp heat have a role? Does eccentric strengthening have a role in improving GIRD in patients with true capsular stiffness or fibrosis? How can you use GIRD to monitor your athletes fatigue and recovery? Podcast handout Free webinar “5 common mistakes therapists make with shoulder pain, and what to do about them” with Jo Gibson Register now for the free webinar "5 common mistakes therapists make with shoulder pain, and what to do about them" with Jo Gibson (Upper Limb Specialist Physio) Frozen and stiff shoulder assessment & treatment with Jo Gibson Improve your assessment and treatment of frozen and stiff shoulders now with Jo Gibson’s online course at clinicaledge.co/frozenshoulder Shoulder: Steps to Success online course with Jo Gibson Improve your assessment and treatment of shoulder pain with the Shoulder: Steps to Success online course with Jo Gibson, now available for enrolment at clinicaledge.co/shouldersuccess CLICK HERE to get access to Sherlock Holmes and the sign of the four hypotheses with Nick Kendrick Links associated with this episode: Improve your assessment and treatment of frozen and stiff shoulders now with Jo Gibson’s online course at clinicaledge.co/frozenshoulder Improve your shoulder assessment & treatment with the Shoulder: Steps to Success online course with Jo Gibson Download and subscribe to the podcast on iTunes Download the podcast now using the best podcast app currently in existence - Overcast Listen to the podcast on Spotify Improve your confidence and clinical reasoning with a free trial Clinical Edge membership Let David know what you liked about this podcast on Twitter Review the podcast on iTunes Like the podcast on Facebook Infographics by Clinical Edge Jo Gibson on Twitter Articles associated with this episode: Download the podcast handout to receive the articles associated with this podcast. Hall K, Borstad JD. Posterior Shoulder Tightness: To Treat or Not to Treat?. journal of orthopaedic & sports physical therapy. 2018 Mar;48(3):133-6. Keller RA, De Giacomo AF, Neumann JA, Limpisvasti O, Tibone JE. Glenohumeral internal rotation deficit and risk of upper extremity injury in overhead athletes: a meta-analysis and systematic review. Sports health. 2018 Mar;10(2):125-32. Mine K, Nakayama T, Milanese S, Grimmer K. Effectiveness of stretching on posterior shoulder tightness and glenohumeral internal-rotation deficit: a systematic review of randomized controlled trials. Journal of sport rehabilitation. 2017 Jul 1;26(4):294-305.

Shoulder surgery in athletes is common following dislocation. Accelerated post-op shoulder stabilisation rehab protocols include early mobilisation to reduce movement, proprioceptive and strength deficits. This has allowed earlier return to play (RTP), however athletes often still have significant proprioceptive and strength deficits up to 2 years post surgery. Despite getting back to play, athletes may struggle to get back to performance. Following surgery, contact athletes such as rugby players, throwing athletes and young players have additional RTP challenges. Redislocation risks in contact sports such as rugby are high, leading to poor outcomes. Younger athletes are not skeletally mature, and with early RTP following stabilisation surgery may have higher failure rates. How can you identify and address these challenges? Which tests and features in a patients history help you determine whether a patient is suitable for an early RTP? In this podcast with Jo Gibson (Clinical Physiotherapy Specialist), you’ll explore: Which shoulder tests are most valuable with your patients? How has emerging evidence challenged our previous approach to RTP testing? What are the risks associated with early RTP following shoulder surgery? How can you help identify athletes at risk of redislocation? Which psychosocial factors impact RTP? How does fear of reinjury and levels of anxiety about their shoulder affects RTP? How does your patient’s sport of choice affects dislocation risks? How is RTP impacted by patients age? How do daily stressors impact RTP and predict outcomes? Which psychosocial factors impact RTP? What is the biggest factor in whether an athlete gets back to play? Which questions are key to ask your patients? Which questionnaires can you use with your post-op shoulder patients? Which tests and combinations of tests have been validated and are evidence-based? How can you assess range of movement (ROM)? How can you measure patients strength? How is rate of force development (RFD) affected following shoulder injury? How can you assess RFD? How does fatigue impact strength testing eg testing at the start of training compared to the after training? How does the kinetic chain impact RTP testing for throwers? How can you assess shoulder endurance? How can you test if your swimmers are ready for RTP? What role does manual therapy have in shoulder rehab? Podcast handout Free webinar “5 common mistakes therapists make with shoulder pain, and what to do about them” with Jo Gibson Register now for the free webinar "5 common mistakes therapists make with shoulder pain, and what to do about them" with Jo Gibson (Upper Limb Specialist Physio) Frozen and stiff shoulder assessment & treatment with Jo Gibson Improve your assessment and treatment of frozen and stiff shoulders now with Jo Gibson’s online course at clinicaledge.co/frozenshoulder Shoulder: Steps to Success online course with Jo Gibson Improve your assessment and treatment of shoulder pain with the Shoulder: Steps to Success online course with Jo Gibson, now available for enrolment at clinicaledge.co/shouldersuccess Links associated with this episode: Improve your assessment and treatment of frozen and stiff shoulders now with Jo Gibson’s online course at clinicaledge.co/frozenshoulder Improve your shoulder assessment & treatment with the Shoulder: Steps to Success online course with Jo Gibson Download and subscribe to the podcast on iTunes Download the podcast now using the best podcast app currently in existence - Overcast Listen to the podcast on Spotify Improve your confidence and clinical reasoning with a free trial Clinical Edge membership Let David know what you liked about this podcast on Twitter Review the podcast on iTunes Like the podcast on Facebook Infographics by Clinical Edge Jo Gibson on Twitter Articles associated with this episode: Download the podcast handout to receive the articles associated with this podcast. Ashworth B, Cohen DD. Force awakens: a new hope for athletic shoulder strength testing. Ashworth B, Hogben P, Singh N, Tulloch L, Cohen DD. The Athletic Shoulder (ASH) test: reliability of a novel upper body isometric strength test in elite rugby players. BMJ open sport & exercise medicine. 2018 Jul 1;4(1):e000365. Cools AM, Vanderstukken F, Vereecken F, Duprez M, Heyman K, Goethals N, Johansson F. Eccentric and isometric shoulder rotator cuff strength testing using a hand-held dynamometer: reference values for overhead athletes. Knee Surgery, Sports Traumatology, Arthroscopy. 2016 Dec 1;24(12):3838-47. Forsdyke D, Gledhill A, Ardern C. Psychological readiness to return to sport: three key elements to help the practitioner decide whether the athlete is REALLY ready?. Olds M, Coulter C, Marant D, Uhl T. Reliability of a shoulder arm return to sport test battery. Physical Therapy in Sport. 2019 Sep 1;39:16-22. Glazer DD. Development and preliminary validation of the Injury-Psychological Readiness to Return to Sport (I-PRRS) scale. Journal of athletic training. 2009 Mar;44(2):185-9. Gerometta A, Klouche S, Herman S, Lefevre N, Bohu Y. The Shoulder Instability-Return to Sport after Injury (SIRSI): a valid and reproducible scale to quantify psychological readiness to return to sport after traumatic shoulder instability. Knee surgery, sports traumatology, arthroscopy. 2018 Jan 1;26(1):203-11. Keller RA, De Giacomo AF, Neumann JA, Limpisvasti O, Tibone JE. Glenohumeral internal rotation deficit and risk of upper extremity injury in overhead athletes: a meta-analysis and systematic review. Sports health. 2018 Mar;10(2):125-32. Mine K, Nakayama T, Milanese S, Grimmer K. Effectiveness of stretching on posterior shoulder tightness and glenohumeral internal-rotation deficit: a systematic review of randomized controlled trials. Journal of sport rehabilitation. 2017 Jul 1;26(4):294-305. Olds M, Coulter C, Marant D, Uhl T. Reliability of a shoulder arm return to sport test battery. Physical Therapy in Sport. 2019 Sep 1;39:16-22. Tjong VK, Devitt BM, Murnaghan ML, Ogilvie-Harris DJ, Theodoropoulos JS. A qualitative investigation of return to sport after arthroscopic Bankart repair: beyond stability. The American journal of sports medicine. 2015 Aug;43(8):2005-11.

100 Physio Edge podcast episodes since I discovered a love of podcasts, and created the Physio Edge podcast to help Physio’s, Physical Therapists and other health professionals in their clinical practice with practical information from the leaders in different musculoskeletal and sports injuries. I really enjoy recording each podcast, helping you with your clinical challenges and hearing how the podcast has helped you with your patients. While recording each of these podcasts, I’ve noticed that one area Physiotherapy experts & leaders have in common is their well developed clinical reasoning. They use effective & efficient clinical problem solving to assess and treat their patients. How can you improve your clinical reasoning to more effectively assess and treat your patients? In this podcast with the new Clinical Edge Senior Physio education & presentation team - David Toomey (NZ based Musculoskeletal Physio), Jordan Craig (APA Titled Musculoskeletal & Sports Physio) and Simon Olivotto (Specialist Musculoskeletal Physiotherapist, FACP), you’ll explore: Five practical strategies you can use immediately to improve your clinical reasoning and treatment results. Clinical reasoning - what is it and how will it help you with your patients? How to effectively & efficiently assess and treat in short treatment sessions How to create a rehabilitation or training plan for a patient to suit their individual needs. Low back pain patients - How to use clinical reasoning to target your questioning, objective assessment and treatment to your patients needs Download this podcast now to improve your clinical reasoning and treatment results with these five practical strategies. Links associated with this episode: Download your podcast handout here Download and subscribe to the podcast on iTunes Download the podcast now using the best podcast app currently in existence - Overcast Listen to the podcast on Spotify Improve your clinical reasoning, assessment and treatment effectiveness, efficiency and results with a free trial Clinical Edge membership Let David know what you liked about this podcast on Twitter Review the podcast on iTunes Like the podcast on Facebook Infographics by Clinical Edge Clinical Edge Education & presentation team Simon Olivotto on Twitter Jordan Craig David Toomey on Twitter

Patients with shoulder pain, rotator cuff tears and nerve injuries can often be seen shrugging their shoulder while they lift their arm, appearing to overuse their upper fibres of trapezius. Surface EMG research has shown increased activity in UFT in shoulder pain and whiplash patients. To add to this, patients get sore upper traps, and can be adamant that they need regular massage of their upper fibres of trapezius (UFT). We seem to have plenty of evidence that we need to decrease UFT muscle activity, and help this by providing exercises to target the middle and lower traps. Is this really the case? Are the upper traps really a bad guy, or a victim caught in the spotlight? Do we need to decrease upper traps muscle activity to help our patients shoulder or neck pain? Or perhaps counter-intuitively, do we need to strengthen upper traps and help them to work together with the surrounding muscles? In this podcast, Jo Gibson (Clinical Specialist Physio) explores the evidence around the upper fibres of trapezius, and implications on your clinical practice. You’ll discover: What are the myths around upper traps? Are upper fibres of trapezius a bad guy or a victim? Why do upper traps sometimes seem to be overactive? Should we aim to increase the activity in middle and lower traps? What information does surface EMG really provide? Can taping of the scapula change recruitment of the trapezius? Should we strengthen UFT? Why is initial activation of the UFT important in shoulder elevation movements? Why should patients with rotator cuff tears or stiff & painful shoulders use upper traps more with their movements? How can we incorporate UFT strengthening into our shoulder strengthening? What exercises can we use to strengthen UFT without increasing activity in levator scapulae? Why is UFT strengthening important in ACJ injury rehab? In gym goers, what scapula setting errors are commonly used? How do nerve injuries that affect the upper traps impact movement? Do trigger points or soreness indicate that our patients need massage or exercises to decrease UFT activity? Download this episode now to improve your treatment of shoulder and neck pain. Podcast handout Free video series “Frozen shoulder assessment & treatment” with Jo Gibson Shoulder: Steps to Success online course with Jo Gibson Improve your assessment and treatment of shoulder pain with the Shoulder: Steps to Success online course with Jo Gibson, now available for enrolment at clinicaledge.co/shouldersuccess Links associated with this episode: Get your access to the free video series “Frozen shoulder assessment & treatment” with Jo Gibson Improve your shoulder assessment & treatment with the Shoulder: Steps to Success online course with Jo Gibson Download and subscribe to the podcast on iTunes Download the podcast now using the best podcast app currently in existence - Overcast Listen to the podcast on Spotify Improve your confidence and clinical reasoning with a free trial Clinical Edge membership Let David know what you liked about this podcast on Twitter Review the podcast on iTunes Like the podcast on Facebook Infographics by Clinical Edge Jo Gibson on Twitter Articles associated with this episode: Download the podcast handout to receive the articles associated with this podcast. Lee JH, Cynn HS, Choi WJ, Jeong HJ, Yoon TL. Various shrug exercises can change scapular kinematics and scapular rotator muscle activities in subjects with scapular downward rotation syndrome. Human movement science. 2016 Feb 1;45:119-29. Pizzari T, Wickham J, Balster S, Ganderton C, Watson L. Modifying a shrug exercise can facilitate the upward rotator muscles of the scapula. Clinical Biomechanics. 2014 Feb 1;29(2):201-5.

Strength training can be used in your treatment and rehab programs to improve your patients strength, load capacity, function & pain, so they can get back into work and the activities they enjoy. In your athletic patients, strength training can be used to help restore power and speed, which are vital for sporting performance. Would you like to include more strength training in your treatment, but aren’t completely sure about the most effective ways to build strength? Which exercises can you use? How many sets and reps should your patients perform? Will 3 sets of 10 reps build strength effectively? What is power training, when should you focus on improving power, and how can you incorporate power training? In this podcast with David Joyce - Sports Physiotherapist, S&C expert and co-author of High performance training for sports, and Sports injury prevention and rehabilitation, you will discover: How to use strength training with your patients The most effective ways to help your patients develop strength Set and rep ranges for strength improvements Recent developments in S&C What is power & power training, and how does this compare to strength? When should your patients work on improving power vs strength How to improve power using different areas on the force/velocity curve Power development using bodyweight and barbell exercises Calf strengthening How to incorporate velocity/explosiveness training When are higher reps useful? Does endurance training with higher reps carryover to improved running or cycling When your patients are performing deadlifts or squats, what elements should you monitor? Do biomechanics in a deadlift or squat matter? What rest periods should be used to help develop strength, while maintaining an efficient training routine What is strength training vs conditioning? How can patients perform conditioning for improved fitness? Should conditioning be incorporated into strength training sessions for maximum improvements in strength? Should exercises and sets be performed to temporary muscular failure (when the bar is unable to be lifted for another repetition)? Resources to help improve your strength & conditioning Dr Claire Minshull also presented two online courses for Clinical Edge members to further develop your strength & conditioning skills and confidence. You can get access to these online courses with your free trial membership.  CLICK HERE to get access to these online courses on strength & conditioning for youths and adolescents with Dr Jon Oliver with your free trial membership  Links associated with this episode: Download and subscribe to the podcast on iTunes Download the podcast now using the best podcast app currently in existence - Overcast Listen to the podcast on Spotify S&C online courses with Dr Claire Minshull - available with a free trial S&C for youths and adolescents online course with Dr Jon Oliver Improve your confidence and clinical reasoning with a free trial Clinical Edge membership David Joyce on Twitter Let David know what you liked about this podcast on Twitter Review the podcast on iTunes Join live Q&A podcasts on Facebook Infographics by Clinical Edge

Join Jo Gibson, a clinical physiotherapy specialist at the Liverpool Upper Limb Unit, as she unpacks the intricacies of anterior shoulder pain related to the long head of biceps (LHB) and SLAP tears. She dives into the common mechanisms of injury and how activities like lifting and throwing can cause LHB tendinopathy. Jo also highlights innovative diagnosis techniques such as the 'three-pack examination' and ultrasound, alongside discussing effective treatment options like tenodesis and tenotomy. A must-listen for physiotherapists!

Patients with thoracic outlet syndrome (TOS) may have undiagnosed pain and symptoms into their shoulder, arm, hand, scapula, head, face, upper back, axilla, chest and anterior clavicle. With a number of potential sources of pain in these areas, TOS patients commonly have a delayed or incorrect diagnosis, followed by unnecessary and unsuccessful surgery. Further complicating matters, imaging and nerve conduction studies are often clear or inconclusive. Studies show that on average, patients with TOS have an average of 5 years of symptoms and see 6 doctors before receiving an accurate diagnosis. What tests and questionnaires will help guide your diagnosis and intervention? When are patients suitable for Physiotherapy and conservative management? When should you refer on for a surgical opinion? In this podcast with Jo Gibson (Clinical Physiotherapy Specialist), you will discover: What is Thoracic outlet syndrome (TOS)? Commonly reported symptoms of TOS Three different types of TOS The most common type of TOS with around 80% of all TOS patients Why imaging and investigations are often clear, and don’t match up with symptoms 3 key causes of TOS The relationship between TOS and hypermobility syndrome Criteria for diagnosis in the latest TOS diagnostic consensus statement Differential diagnosis (DDx) - Cervical NR compression, and peripheral nerve entrapment Common subjective findings that guide you towards a diagnosis of TOS A questionnaire you can use to assist cervicobrachial diagnosis What information is gained from imaging, including MRI and MR Neurography & nerve conduction studies What are the limitations of imaging? What is the difference between small nerve fibre and large nerve fibres, and how this impacts diagnosis QST - Quantitative sensory testing - Pin prick (Neurotip) and Thermal testing - warm and cold Simple QST test using a coin Objective testing What tests do you need to perform in patients with suspected TOS? What is the elevated stress test (EST)? What information does an upper limb tension test (ULTT) provide? Does a negative ULTT test exclude TOS? How are nerve blocks used? What is the best way to perform a nerve block? How effective are nerve blocks in assisting diagnosis? Who should we refer on for early medical or surgical management? When should you get an early surgical opinion? Which patients are likely to benefit from conservative management? Podcast handout Free video series “Frozen shoulder assessment & treatment” with Jo Gibson Shoulder: Steps to Success online course with Jo Gibson Improve your assessment and treatment of shoulder pain with the Shoulder: Steps to Success online course with Jo Gibson, now available for enrolment at clinicaledge.co/shouldersuccess Links associated with this episode: Get your access to the free video series “Frozen shoulder assessment & treatment” with Jo Gibson Improve your shoulder assessment & treatment with the Shoulder: Steps to Success online course with Jo Gibson Download and subscribe to the podcast on iTunes Download the podcast now using the best podcast app currently in existence - Overcast Listen to the podcast on Spotify Improve your confidence and clinical reasoning with a free trial Clinical Edge membership Let David know what you liked about this podcast on Twitter Review the podcast on iTunes Like the podcast on Facebook Infographics by Clinical Edge Jo Gibson on Twitter Thoracic outlet syndrome centre of excellence Articles associated with this episode: Download the podcast handout to receive the articles associated with this podcast. Illig KA, Donahue D, Duncan A, Freischlag J, Gelabert H, Johansen K, Jordan S, Sanders R, Thompson R. Reporting standards of the Society for Vascular Surgery for thoracic outlet syndrome. Journal of vascular surgery. 2016 Sep 1;64(3):e23-35. Jordan SE, Ahn SS, Gelabert HA. Differentiation of thoracic outlet syndrome from treatment-resistant cervical brachial pain syndromes: development and utilization of a questionnaire, clinical examination and ultrasound evaluation. Pain Physician. 2007 May;10(3):441-52. Kenny RA, Traynor GB, Withington D, Keegan DJ. Thoracic outlet syndrome: a useful exercise treatment option. American journal of surgery. 1993 Feb 1;165:282-. Ridehalgh C, Sandy-Hindmarch OP, Schmid AB. Validity of clinical small–fiber sensory testing to detect small–nerve fiber degeneration. journal of orthopaedic & sports physical therapy. 2018 Oct;48(10):767-74. Zhu GC, Böttger K, Slater H, Cook C, Farrell SF, Hailey L, Tampin B, Schmid AB. Concurrent validity of a low‐cost and time‐efficient clinical sensory test battery to evaluate somatosensory dysfunction. European Journal of Pain. 2019 Nov;23(10):1826-38.

The sternoclavicular joint (SCJ) can cause pain locally, or refer into the neck and shoulder. With a relatively high incidence of serious and potentially life-threatening pathology at the SCJ, it’s important to diagnose the source of SCJ pain. In this (Facebook live/video/podcast) with Jo Gibson (Clinical Specialist Physiotherapist), you’ll discover: How to identify and diagnose the SCJ as the source of pain. Where does the SCJ commonly refer pain to? What pathologies cause SCJ pain What activities & movements commonly reproduce pain in the SCJ? Who develops SCJ pain? Which differential diagnosis (DDx) are important to identify, including localised osteoarthritis (OA) rheumatoid arthritis septic arthritis atraumatic subluxation seronegative spondyloarthropathies gout, pseudogout SC hyperostosis condensing osteitis Friedrich’s disease/avascular necrosis condensing arthritis Friedrich’s disease and ‘SAPHO’ (Synovitis Acne Pustulosis Hyperostosis Osteitis) syndrome How does DDx impact prognosis? What role does imaging have with the SCJ? SCJ Imaging - MRI vs CT vs Xray. If pain refers down to the anterior chest, what other structures may be involved? Tietze syndrome at the costochondral junction. Costochondritis - who develops it, is there a mechanism of injury? Red flags you need to be aware of around the SCJ Case study of an SCJ patient where a potentially life-threatening illness was identified. Other red flags - infection, HIV, septic arthritis, diabetes, ankylosing spondylitis, gout. What investigations are important for SCJ pain patients? What are realistic expectations for prognosis and resolution of SCJ symptoms? How can you rehab patients with SCJ pain? Costochondral joint pain. Rehab following clavicular ORIF When is arthroscopic release suitable in frozen shoulder patients Podcast handout Free video series “Frozen shoulder assessment & treatment” with Jo Gibson Shoulder: Steps to Success online course with Jo Gibson Improve your assessment and treatment of shoulder pain with the Shoulder: Steps to Success online course with Jo Gibson, now available for enrolment at clinicaledge.co/shouldersuccess Links associated with this episode: Get your access to the free video series “Frozen shoulder assessment & treatment” with Jo Gibson Improve your shoulder assessment & treatment with the Shoulder: Steps to Success online course with Jo Gibson Download and subscribe to the podcast on iTunes Download the podcast now using the best podcast app currently in existence - Overcast Listen to the podcast on Spotify Improve your confidence and clinical reasoning with a free trial Clinical Edge membership Let David know what you liked about this podcast on Twitter Review the podcast on iTunes Like the podcast on Facebook Infographics by Clinical Edge Jo Gibson on Twitter

Have you ever wanted to improve your patients strength, but weren't sure about the best way to go about it? What exercises should you use? How many sets, reps and sessions per week should you ask your patients to complete? Strength levels often start to decline with pain or after an injury, from neuromuscular inhibition, swelling, inflammation or joint laxity (Hopkins & Ingersoll, 2000; Rice & McNair, 2010). Unfortunately strength doesn't always return as quickly as it disappears, and neuromuscular inhibition can carry on (Roy et al, 2017). In this podcast with Dr Claire Minshull, we dive into the role of strength and conditioning in rehab, and explore: Why building strength is an important part of rehab How can you build strength effectively and efficiently? Do 8-12 rep sets or 3-5 rep sets build greater strength? How many sets of an exercise should your patient perform? How frequently do patients need to perform their exercises? Is maximal loading necessary in rehab? Which patients should use lower load exercises? Will strength training make endurance athletes slow and muscular, or improve running economy? "Functional exercises" vs strength exercises When should exercises target strength, and when can you use "functional exercises"? What is power training, and what exercises help to develop power? When should power training be used? What lifting cues can you use with beginning lifters e.g. in deadlifts? Patients with knee osteoarthritis: What is an effective exercise strategy for patients with knee osteoarthritis (OA)? What important factors do you need to incorporate in your pain education? How can you start a strengthening program? What exercises can you use? What pain levels are acceptable during exercise? How can you know if your exercises are appropriate for each patient? What braces or supports can you use to make unicompartmental knee OA more comfortable and able to exercise? Dr Claire Minshull also presented two online courses for Clinical Edge members to further develop your strength & conditioning skills and confidence. You can get access to these online courses with your free trial membership. What is in Dr Claire Minshull's webinar? How to incorporate strength development in your rehab programs How to progress strength in rehab Exercise progressions and regressions to maintain a strength focus Case study examples taking you through how to apply S&C principles with your patients Links associated with this episode: Download and subscribe to the podcast on iTunes Download the podcast now using the best podcast app currently in existence - Overcast Listen to the podcast on Spotify Improve your confidence and clinical reasoning with a free trial Clinical Edge membership, and get access to the online courses on S&C with Dr Claire Minshull Let David know what you liked about this podcast on Twitter Review the podcast on iTunes Like the podcast on Facebook Infographics by Clinical Edge Dr Claire Minshull on Twitter Website - Get Back to Sport Instagram - Get Back to Sport Versus Arthritis Articles associated with this episode: Campos et al. 2002. Muscular adaptations in response to three different resistance-training regimens: specificity of repetition maximum training zones. Hall et al. 2018. Knee extensor strength gains mediate symptom improvement in knee osteoarthritis: secondary analysis of a randomised controlled trial. Jorge et al. 2015. Progressive resistance exercise in women with osteoarthritis of the knee: a randomized controlled trial. Latham et al. 2010. Strength training in older adults: the benefits for osteoarthritis. Teixeira et al. 2018. Effect of resistance training set volume on upper body muscle hypertrophy: are more sets really better than less? Uusi-Rasi et al. 2017. Exercise Training in Treatment and Rehabilitation of Hip Osteoarthritis: A 12-Week Pilot Trial.