This Week in Virology

Vincent, Dick, and Alan talk about Nobel prizes for telomere research, bacteriophages that protect aphids from wasps, salicylates and pandemic influenza mortality, and hand washing. Links for this episode: Bacteriophages encode toxins that protect aphids from wasps 14 year old dies after receiving HPV vaccine Salicylates and pandemic influenza mortality Canadian microbiologist says hand washing is not proven to prevent influenza Surgical mask vs N95 respirator for preventing influenza Americans unsure about receiving pandemic H1N1 influenza vaccine DnaTube (thanks Jim!) Laboratory Director certification (pdf - thanks Megan!) Plant production of pharmaceuticals (pdf one and pdf two - thanks Ed!) Weekly Science Picks Alan sciencelineDick Younger by Judith Sulzberger MDVincent FluView

Vincent and Dr. Scott Hammer talk about different types of AIDS vaccines and how they are tested in clinical trials. Links for this episode: PAVE 100 trial cancelled HIV vaccine shows promise for the first time Description of the Thailand AIDS program NEJM review on why AIDS vaccine is difficult (pdf) Arguments for the AIDS vaccine trial in Thailand International AIDS Vaccine Initiative (IAVI)

Vincent, Dick, and Alan (with a cameo appearance by Rich Condit) review the world’s largest Phase III study of a complex HIV vaccine candidate in Thailand, immunization of salmon against infectious salmon anemia virus, and an outbreak of blueberry shock virus in Michigan. Links for this episode: HIV vaccine shows promise for the first time - description of the program, FDA background document (pdf), NEJM review on why AIDS vaccine is difficult (pdf), and arguments for the trial Chile immunizes salmon (USGS article on the virus, pdf) Blueberry virus strikes Michigan research center (information on the disease and the virus) Rotavirus seasonality (thanks Didier!) Viruses and the tree of life at virology blog Big brains have evolved twice (thanks Arsen!) Weekly Science Picks Alan Bat Rabies and Other Lyssavirus InfectionsDick Boosting Vaccines: The Power of Adjuvants (Scientific American; subscription required)Vincent The Ig Nobel Prizes by Marc Abrahams

Vincent and Jason review influenza 2009 H1N1 vaccine trials and protection against the virus conferred by the 1976 swine flu vaccine, then move on to a virus called XMRV and its possible role in prostate cancer. Links for this episode: One dose of influenza 2009 H1N1 vaccine without adjuvant is enough Partially completed study on influenza 2009 H1N1 vaccine with MF59 adjuvant 1976 swine flu vaccine induces cross-reactive antibodies against influenza 2009 H1N1 strain Explanation of hemagglutination-inhibition and microneutralization assays FDA approves influenza 2009 H1N1 vaccine XMRV is present in malignant prostatic epithelium and is associated with prostate cancer Identification of a novel gammaretrovirus in prostate tumors CDC page on Guillain-Barré syndrome Weekly Science Picks Jason Glass MicrobiologyVincent FluWeb Influenza Historical Resources Database

Vincent and Dick continue Virology 101 with a discussion of the seven different types of viral genomes, and how to use the pathway to mRNA to understand viral replication. Links for this episode: Dick talks about hookworm on Radio Lab Dick's video page at BigThink The seven types of viral genome Animation of HIV replication (thanks axiomatically atypical!) Changes in transcript abundance relating to colony collapse disorder in honey bee (thanks Judi!) Weekly Science Picks Dick Discovery Channel: Planet GreenVincent Influenza videos at BigThink: one, two, three, four, five, six

Vincent, Dick, Alan and Rich revisit a vaccinia virus lab accident and viral vaccines produced in plants, then talk about an iPhone app to track infectious diseases, flying foxes, and an inhaled measles vaccine. Links for this episode: Laboratory acquired vaccinia infection Medicago (investor presentation, pdf) and Fraunhofer produce vaccines in plants iPhone app Outbreaks near me No culling of flying foxes in Australia Inhaled powdered measles virus vaccine Herpesvirus latency confers symbiotic protection from bacterial infection (thanks Juliet!) Porcine circovirus vaccine Swine flu vaccine and Guillain-Barré (thanks Tom!) The Great Flu and blog post (thanks Swiss compass and Allison!) Building semiconductors with DNA (thanks Duncan!) Email on viral classification (thanks Rodney and Eliot!) Weekly Science Picks Rich Stumbling on Happiness by Daniel GilbertDick Eliot Porter at the Carter Museum and bookstore at AmazonAlan Dr. Clarke's H1N1 rap at the HHS sponsored YouTube contestVincent Coast to Coast Bio Podcast

Vincent and Dick discuss influenza virus-like particle vaccines produced in insect and plant cells, rapid sharing of influenza research, and answer listener questions about cytomegalovirus, viral evolution and symbiosis and much more. Links for this episode: A Farm on Every Floor Influenza virus-like particles in insect and plant cells PLoS Currents: Influenza Transmission of 2009 H1N1 influenza virus to turkeys [Thanks Debbie!] Baxter produces Vero cell H1N1 vaccine [Thanks Peter!] Boundaries of Darwinism podcast [Thanks David!] Phages in human intestine: papers one, two, three [Thanks Terry!] Post-exposure varicella vaccine [Thanks Patricia!] Open science movement here, here, here, and here [Thanks Jim!] Graduate programs in virology [Thanks Greggory and Blake!] Post-exposure Marburg and Ebola vaccines [Thanks John!] Vaccinia infection in the laboratory [Thanks Russ!] Animations of bacteriophage T4 life cycle [Thanks Jim!] Weekly Science Picks Vincent BionumbersDick Ocean: An Illustrated Atlas by Sylvia A. Earle, Linda K. Glover

Vincent and Dick continue virology 101 with a discussion of virus entry into cells, then answer reader email on colony collapse disorder and viruses that confer a benefit to their host. Links for this episode: Illustrations of virus entry into cells Nice reference for biological items (thanks Jim!) Colony collapse disorder: PBS program, descriptive study, metagenomic study, genetic analysis (thanks Swiss compass!) Potato virus Y and Alzheimer's disease (thanks Jennifer!) A virus in a fungus in a plant (thanks Jennifer!) Weekly Science Picks Vincent PLoS PearlsDick West Nile virus website at CDC

Vincent, Dick, Alan, and Jennifer Drahos tackle the Hendra virus disease outbreak in Australia, AIDS-like disease in wild chimps, return of polio type 2 in Nigeria, the influenza pandemic wave, and rabies in three countries. Links for this episode: Hendra virus killing horses in Australia AIDS-like disease in wild chimps [ NY Times ] Polio type 2 returns in Nigeria Influenza pandemic wave [Branswell ] Rabies in Ukraine , South Africa , and USA Cell phones turned into fluorescent microscopes [Thanks, Jim!] HIV-1 vaccine trial in South Africa [Thanks Duncan!] Forum discussion on flu vaccine [Thanks James!] The Brain Science Podcast [Thanks Jim!] WHO note on H1N1 vaccine safety CDC information on H1N1 vaccines Hans Christian Orsted Weekly Science Picks Jennifer Art of Science 2009 Vincent Nobel Intent Dick Diversity of Life by EO Wilson Alan MediaWiki (install tips )

Vincent, Dick, Alan, and Jennifer Drahos consider Marburg virus in Egyptian fruit bats, bacterial citrus pathogen found in shipping facility, canine parvovirus in Michigan, Relenza-resistant influenza virus, new HIV from gorillas, and public engagement on H1N1 immunization program. Links for this episode: Isolation of Marburg virus from Egyptian fruit bats Inspectors find bacterial citrus pathogen in California Parvovirus killing hundreds of dogs in Michigan Relenza-resistant H1N1 identified in Australia (press and journal article) New HIV from gorilla CDC wants public comment on H1N1 vaccination Original antigenic sin (article 1 and article 2) Dr. Stanley Plotkin on Meet the Scientist (thanks Peter!) audioBoo (iPhone app - thanks Jim!) Audio clips (first and second) from the podcast No Agenda (thanks peripatetic apoplectic!) Weekly Science Picks Jennifer Piled Higher and Deeper (PhD Comics) Vincent Giant Microbes (thanks Stephen!) Dick Virology in the 21st Century Alan Annals of the Former World by John McPhee