The History of Literature

James Shapiro, a Columbia professor and esteemed literary scholar, delves into the fascinating history of the Federal Theatre Project initiated during the Great Depression. He discusses how FDR's administration employed thousands of artists, including legends like Orson Welles and Arthur Miller, to produce over a thousand plays that transformed American culture. Shapiro also explores the project's impact on democracy, the tensions between art and politics, and its lasting legacy—raising questions about the contemporary relevance of theater in society.

Sara Charles, author of "The Medieval Scriptorium: Making Books in the Middle Ages," sheds light on the gritty realities of medieval manuscript production, revealing it was far from the serene image often depicted. She discusses the laborious process, the materials used, and the often-overlooked contributions of women. Dante scholar Elizabeth Coggeshall shares her thoughts on the powerful connection between death and literature through her choice for the last book she'll read, intertwining personal loss and literary reflection with insights into Dante's works.

Mary Flannery, a renowned expert on medieval literature and author of "Geoffrey Chaucer: Unveiling the Merry Bard," dives deep into the world of Geoffrey Chaucer. She explores his role as the father of English poetry, revealing the complexities of his humor and his societal challenges. The conversation touches on Chaucer's relationships with themes of shame, his ethical dilemmas, and the intriguing nature of his retractions in the 'Canterbury Tales.' Flannery also delves into Chaucer's comic legacy, balancing appreciation and critique of his earthy humor.

Geoffrey Turnovsky, a scholar of early modern French literature, shares fascinating insights about the evolving relationship between readers and print in our digitized world. He challenges the myth of distraction-free reading and discusses the emotional connections forged with texts over time. Liz Rosenberg, acclaimed author, reveals her choice for the last book she'd read, sparking a heartfelt reflection on literature's profound impact on our lives. The conversation dives into how reading fosters empathy and the shifting dynamics between print and digital formats.

In this engaging discussion, Thomas Mann, the Nobel Prize-winning novelist known for classics like *Buddenbrooks* and *Death in Venice*, shares insights into his complex life. He reflects on the artistic triumphs and bitter defeats that shaped him. The conversation dives into his struggles with identity and sexuality, as well as the impact of familial ties on his work. Mann also addresses the political dangers he faced during the rise of fascism, revealing how his literary legacy intertwines with personal and historical turbulence.

Mike Palindrome, a literary theme expert, and Fred Waitzkin, novelist of 'Searching for Bobby Fischer,' dive deep into Joseph Conrad's 'Heart of Darkness' and its pivotal influence on Coppola's 'Apocalypse Now.' They explore the dark themes of colonialism and humanity's moral dilemmas as depicted in both works. The duo also reflects on Waitzkin's choice for his last read, highlighting the emotional significance of literary legacies and personal connections to stories, as well as discussing the evolving relationship between classic literature and modern audiences.

Cristanne Miller, editor of a comprehensive collection of Emily Dickinson's letters, sheds light on the poet beyond her iconic works. She discusses how Dickinson's correspondence reveals her identity, friendships, and personal experiences, providing a richer context for her poetry. The conversation delves into the evolution of Dickinson's letters, exploring themes of loss and self-preservation. Miller also critiques the editing of Dickinson's poetry, highlighting how understanding her personal life deepens appreciation of her literary genius.

In this engaging discussion, author Allen MacDuffie delves into his new book, exploring how 19th-century writers like George Eliot and H.G. Wells grappled with the upheaval brought about by Darwin's theories and their relevance to today's climate crisis. He emphasizes the psychological struggles in reconciling personal beliefs with scientific truths and the collective action needed to combat environmental challenges. Novelist Adelle Waldman also shares her intriguing choice for the last book she would ever read, adding a personal touch to the conversation.

Bruce Gordon, a Biblical scholar with a keen insight into the Bible's cultural significance, dives into how the scripture has evolved over the centuries. He discusses its diverse impacts on various societies and the differing interpretations that have shaped beliefs. The conversation highlights both the Bible's empowering and oppressive roles across cultures. Michelle P. Brown also shares her thoughts on the last book she would ever choose to read, adding a personal touch to the rich historical dialogue.

Joining the discussion is Sandra Spanier, the general editor of the monumental Hemingway Letters project, who uncovers the vibrant period between Hemingway’s famous novels. They explore his personal letters from 1934-1936, revealing the tender side of his life and the complex relationship between his public persona and private self. Andrew Stauffer shares his choice for the last book he’d ever read, sparking a conversation on literary legacies. Together, they dive into the emotional rollercoaster of a writer grappling with criticism versus creativity.