Densely Speaking

The (Express)Way to Segregation: Evidence from Chicago (Sara Bagagli) Sara Bagagli is an Assistant Professor of Real Estate Economics and Finance at London School of Economics and Political Science. Her research contributes to our understanding of what drives the (unequal) distribution of people and economic activity across space, focusing on the role of transportation infrastructure and urban forms. Her 2023 paper, The (Express)Way to Segregation: Evidence from Chicago, examines the long-established view that highways acted to increase segregation. Did expressways increase racial segregation in urban centers? Professor Bagagli establishes that expressways contributed to racial segregation in Chicago through two channels: (1) local price and amenity effects and (2) barrier effects. From these findings, she then constructs a structural urban model to study the link between urban barriers and racial preferences in shaping the allocation of people across space. Appendices: Sara Bagagli: Ann Petry, The Street. Greg Shill: Pete Saunders, Two Chicagos, Defined. Jeff Lin: Hammond's Pictorial Travel Atlas of Scenic America.   Follow us on the web or on “X,” formerly known as Twitter: @denselyspeaking. Jeff and Greg can be found on Bluesky at @jeffrlin.bsky.social, and @gregshill.com. Producer: Nathan Spindler-Krage The views expressed on the show are those of the participants, and do not necessarily represent the views of the Federal Reserve Bank of Philadelphia, the Federal Reserve System, or any of the other institutions with which the hosts or guests are affiliated.

Procurement and Infrastructure Costs (Zach Liscow) Zach Liscow is Professor of Law at Yale Law School. From 2022-23, he was the Chief Economist at the White House Office of Management and Budget. We discuss his recent article, Procurement and Infrastructure Costs (with William Nober and Cailin Slattery), which collects new project-level data and surveys of state DOT officials to document variation in infrastructure procurement costs across states and identify cost drivers, including capacity and competition. Appendices:   Zach Liscow: Robert Kagan, Adversarial Legalism   Greg Shill: Brian Potter, Why Can’t the U.S. Build Ships?   Jeff Lin: Abhay Aneja & Guo Xu, Strengthening State Capacity: Civil Service Reform and Public Sector Performance during the Gilded Age   Follow us on the web or on “X,” formerly known as Twitter: @denselyspeaking. Jeff, Greg, and Zach can be found on Bluesky at @jeffrlin.bsky.social, @gregshill.com, and @zliscow.bsky.social. Producer: Nathan Spindler-Krage   The views expressed on the show are those of the participants, and do not necessarily represent the views of the Federal Reserve Bank of Philadelphia, the Federal Reserve System, or any of the other institutions with which the hosts or guests are affiliated.

How Much Road Does America Have? (Erick Guerra) Professor Erick Guerra is a Professor and Associate Dean for Research at the University of Pennsylvania Weitzman School of Design. We discuss his recent article,Urban Roadway in America: The Amount, Extent, and Value (with Gilles Duranton & Xinyu Ma), which provides the first comprehensive estimate of the amount, share, and value of roadways across over 300 U.S. metro areas. Appendices: Erick Guerra: Erick Guerra, Overbuilt: The High Costs and Low Rewards of US Highway Construction. Greg Shill: Jeffrey Brinkman & Jeffrey Lin, Freeway Revolts! The Quality of Life Effects of Highways. Jeff Lin: Foursquare OS Places. Follow us on the web or on “X,” formerly known as Twitter: @denselyspeaking. Jeff and Greg can be found on Bluesky at @jeffrlin.bsky.social and @gregshill.com. Greg also has a Substack newsletter. Producer: Nathan Spindler-Krage The views expressed on the show are those of the participants, and do not necessarily represent the views of the Federal Reserve Bank of Philadelphia, the Federal Reserve System, or any of the other institutions with which the hosts or guests are affiliated.

David Schleicher, the Walter E. Meyer Professor of Property and Urban Law at Yale Law School and author of "In a Bad State", dives into the pressing issues surrounding state and local budget crises. He discusses the cyclical nature of these financial problems and critiques federal bailout strategies. Schleicher also explores the complexities of local borrowing for infrastructure, the financial repercussions of COVID-19, and shares insights from his journey in academic writing. His engaging approach aims to make municipal finance accessible to all.

Neighborhood Formation and Neighborhood Effects (Dionissi Aliprantis) Dionisi Aliprantis is an assistant vice president and a senior research economist in the Research Department at the Federal Reserve Bank of Cleveland, the director of the Bank’s Program on Economic Inclusion, and the founding director of the Math Movement. He is the author of “Making Our Neighborhoods, Making Our Selves”: A Review Essay with Daniel Hartley. Appendices: Dionissi Aliprantis: Brilliant.org and Vsauce on The Banach-Tarski Paradox Greg Shill, Professor of Law & Michael and Brenda Sandler Faculty Fellow in Corporate Law, University of Iowa College of Law: The Radical Fair Housing Act, by Noah Kazis Jeff Lin: 3Blue1Brown Series on Neural Networks Follow us on the web or on Twitter: @denselyspeaking, @jeffrlin, @greg_shill. Producer: Courtney Campbell The views expressed on the show are those of the participants, and do not necessarily represent the views of the Federal Reserve Bank of Philadelphia, the Federal Reserve System, or any of the other institutions with which the hosts or guests are affiliated.

Blockbusting and the Challenges Faced by Black Families in Building Wealth through Housing in the Postwar US (Jonathan Rose) Jonathan Rose is the Historian of the Federal Reserve System and senior economist and economic advisor at the Federal Reserve Bank of Chicago. He is the co-author of Blockbusting and the Challenges Faced by Black Families in Building Wealth through Housing in the Postwar United States (with Daniel Hartley). Other Materials Mentioned: A Spatial Animation of Blockbusting Racial Segregation in Housing Markets and the Erosion of Black Wealth The Saturday Evening Post: Confessions of a Block-Buster Appendices: Jonathan Rose: East West Street: On the Origins of “Genocide” and “Crimes Against Humanity” Greg Shill: Detroit’s Birwood Wall: Hatred and Healing in the West Eight Mile Community. Jeff Lin: Urban Life in the Distant Past: The Prehistory of Energized Crowding (Urban Archaeological Pasts). Follow us on the web or on Twitter: @denselyspeaking, @jeffrlin, @greg_shill. Producer: Courtney Campbell The views expressed on the show are those of the participants, and do not necessarily represent the views of the Federal Reserve Banks of Philadelphia or Chicago, the Federal Reserve System, or any of the other institutions with which the hosts or guests are affiliated.

The National Zoning Atlas (Sara Bronin and Scott Markley) Densely Speaking programming note: this is the first episode of our new season. Sara Bronin, Professor at the Cornell University College of Architecture, Art, and Planning and Chair of the Advisory Council on Historic Preservation, is the Director of the National Zoning Atlas. Scott Markley is the Geospatial Project Coordinator at the National Zoning Atlas and a visiting professor at Cornell. Appendices: Scott Markley: Rentier Capitalism: Who Owns the Economy, and Who Pays for It? Sara Bronin: Lowcountry at High Tide; The Sirens of Mars. Greg Shill, Professor of Law and Michael and Brenda Sandler Faculty Fellow in Corporate Law, University of Iowa College of Law: A Research Agenda for US Land Use and Planning Law. Jeff Lin: House Size and Household Size: The Distributional Effects of the Minimum Lot Size Regulation. Follow us on the web or on Twitter: @denselyspeaking, @jeffrlin, @greg_shill. Producer: Courtney Campbell The views expressed on the show are those of the participants, and do not necessarily represent the views of the Federal Reserve Bank of Philadelphia, the Federal Reserve System, or any of the other institutions with which the hosts or guests are affiliated.

Remote Work and City Decline: Lessons From the Garment District (Clay Gillette) Clay Gillette is the Max E. Greenberg Professor of Contract Law at New York University School of Law. He is the author of Remote Work and City Decline: Lessons from the Garment District, 15 Journal of Legal Analysis 201 (2023). Appendices: Clay Gillette: the book In a Bad State (by David Schleicher), work by Joan Didion, TV shows Borgen, Fauda, Shtisel, and The Beauty Queen of Jerusalem, and the movie Oppenheimer. Greg Shill: the novel A Confederacy of Dunces, the New Yorker short story series Sell Out, and the TV show Rough Diamonds. Jeff Lin: journal articles Networking off Madison Avenue and The Curley Effect: The Economics of Shaping the Electorate, and Trees? Not in My Backyard. (Jerusalem Demsas) in the Atlantic. Follow us on the web or on Twitter/X: @denselyspeaking, @jeffrlin, @greg_shill. The hosts are also on Bluesky at @jeffrlin and @gregshill. Producer: Courtney Campbell The views expressed on the show are those of the participants, and do not necessarily represent the views of the Federal Reserve Bank of Philadelphia, the Federal Reserve System, or any of the other institutions with which the hosts or guests are affiliated.

Firms, Fires, and Firebreaks: The Impact of the 1906 San Francisco Disaster on Business Agglomeration James Siodla is an Associate Professor of Economics at Colby College. He is the author of Firms, fires, and firebreaks: The impact of the 1906 San Francisco disaster on business agglomeration. We also discuss related work by him: Clean slate: Land-use changes in San Francisco after the 1906 disaster and Razing San Francisco: The 1906 disaster as a natural experiment in urban redevelopment. Extra Materials Discussed in this Episode: Sanborn Maps; The Limits of Power Appendices: James Siodla: Disruptive Effects of Natural Disasters: The 1906 San Francisco Fire by Hanna Schwank and Destruction, Policy, and the Evolving Consequences of Washington, DC’s 1968 Civil Disturbance by Leah Brooks, Jonathan Rose, and Stan Veuger. Greg Shill: Succession and History versus Expectations in the Spatial Economy: Lessons from Hiroshima by Kohei Takeda and Atsushi Yamagishi. Jeff Lin: A Long History of a Short Block: Four Centuries of Development Surprises on a Single Stretch of a New York City Street by William Easterly, Laura Freschi, and Steven Pennings. Follow us on the web or on Twitter: @denselyspeaking, @jeffrlin, @greg_shill, and @JSiodla Producer: Courtney Campbell The views expressed on the show are those of the participants, and do not necessarily represent the views of the Federal Reserve Bank of Philadelphia, the Federal Reserve System, or any of the other institutions with which the hosts or guests are affiliated.

The Role of Private Law in Land Use Regulation (Molly Brady) Molly Brady is the Louis D. Brandeis Professor of Law at Harvard Law School. She is the author of Turning Neighbors into Nuisances.   Appendices: Molly Brady: Magic Mike’s Last Dance and This $5,750-a-Month Brooklyn Apartment Has a Smell Test.   Greg Shill: the Culdesac development and its reported lease condition that residents not park within 400 meters of the development in Tempe, AZ. Local government law bonus: minutes of the Tempe Development Review Commission meeting discussing this.   Jeff Lin: The Rise and Effects of Homeowners Associations, by Wyatt Clarke and Matthew Freedman.   Follow us on the web or on Twitter: @denselyspeaking, @jeffrlin, @greg_shill, @mollyxbrady.   Producer: Courtney Campbell   The views expressed on the show are those of the participants, and do not necessarily represent the views of the Federal Reserve Bank of Philadelphia, the Federal Reserve System, or any of the other institutions with which the hosts or guests are affiliated.