Enterprising Investor

Roger Urwin, Global Head of Investment Content at Willis Towers Watson, reflects on how leading asset owners are rethinking strategic asset allocation amid faster regime change, rising systemic risk, and growing complexity. In a conversation hosted by Mona Naqvi, Managing Director of Research, Advocacy, and Standards at CFA Institute, he draws on decades of experience advising global funds to explain why a total portfolio mindset is gaining traction—and how it reframes goals, governance, and investment decision-making. The discussion explores what it means to invest through a truly holistic lens, why mindset and organizational design matter as much as models, and how the investment profession may need to evolve for a more uncertain world. Listen to the episode to hear Roger Urwin's perspective on the shift from strategic asset allocation to a total portfolio approach. Chapter Markers 00:00 Introduction and Welcome 01:12 Roger Irwin's Career and Industry Background 04:02 Why Total Portfolio Approach Matters Now 04:58 Origins of Strategic Asset Allocation (SAA) 09:32 Benchmarks, Universality, and Communication Challenges 12:01 How TPA Addresses Complexity 14:47 Accessibility vs Flexibility: SAA vs TPA 16:13 Governance Trade-offs and Organizational Design 17:53 Systems Thinking and Market Disruption 19:16 Ecosystem Thinking, Reflexivity, and Risk Models 21:21 Recalibrating Investment Frameworks 22:56 Is TPA More Resilient Than SAA? 24:27 People, Incentives, and Cultural Barriers 28:49 AI, Human Intelligence, and the Future Analyst 30:46 Human + Artificial Intelligence in Investing 34:48 Managing Systemic Risk and Long-Term Horizons 40:57 Value Creation in a World of Real-Time Information 43:55 Stewardship, System-Level Investing, and Externalities 45:00 Can SAA and TPA Coexist? 47:29 Industry Momentum and What Comes Next 49:36 Closing Thoughts and Series Preview

Great management isn't a "soft skill" — it's a measurable performance lever. Ashley Herd, founder and CEO of Manager Method and author of The Manager Method: Practical Strategies to Lead with Purpose and Confidence, joins host Mike Wallberg, CFA, to unpack why communication sits at the heart of effective leadership and how small managerial choices ripple through engagement, retention, and profitability. Drawing on her experience as a lawyer, in-house leader, and advisor who has trained more than 250,000 managers, Herd explains why promoting top performers into management roles so often backfires, how leaders can avoid micromanagement without disappearing, and why her "pause, consider, act" framework helps managers handle everything from delegation to performance conversations. The discussion also explores what investors and analysts can learn about management quality by listening closely to leadership behavior — not just the numbers — and why culture and innovation are inseparable from long-term returns. Listen to the full episode of Enterprising Investor to hear practical insights on building better managers, stronger teams, and more resilient businesses.

Anna Martirosyan, strategy and transactions manager at EY Parthenon, speaks with guest host Lotta Moberg, CFA, about the ethical foundations of AI in finance, including fairness, transparency, model governance, and the risks that arise as firms automate more decisions. Drawing on her chapter in AI in Asset Management: Tools, Applications, and Frontiers, Anna explains how practitioners can use AI responsibly while navigating evolving global regulations. Tune in to hear their full conversation. Read the complete book online: https://rpc.cfainstitute.org/themes/technology/ai-in-asset-management Follow the Financial Thought Exchange podcast for more expert perspectives: https://sites.libsyn.com/545057/site

In this extended deep dive, guest host Raymond Pang, Senior Researcher at CFA Institute, speaks with Greg Fisher, CFA, about how complexity science can offer a richer lens for understanding uncertainty, market behavior, and the limitations of traditional financial models. Building on themes explored in our recent episode with Richard Bookstaber and Genevieve Hayman — including feedback loops, emergent dynamics, and the need for more adaptive approaches to risk — Fisher expands the discussion to the historical roots of the mechanistic mindset and why a systems-based perspective may benefit investment practitioners. The conversation explores how narratives, structural change, and evolving patterns shape asset prices, and how asset managers can incorporate complexity-informed insights into their research and decision-making. Listen and follow the podcast, and explore our report Reframing Financial Markets as Complex Systems for additional insights: https://rpc.cfainstitute.org/research/reports/2025/reframing-financial-markets-as-complex-systems.

Victor Haghani — co-founder of Long-Term Capital Management and founder of Elm Wealth — joins host Mike Wallberg, CFA, to discuss the ideas behind his book The Missing Billionaires: A Guide to Better Financial Decisions. Using the "missing billionaires" puzzle as a starting point, Haghani explores why so many investors struggle with risk sizing, how our instincts often sabotage long-term results, and why dynamic asset allocation makes more sense than sticking to static rules. Listen now to learn how understanding "how much" to invest can be the key to lasting financial success.

Risk expert and author Richard Bookstaber joins guest host Genevieve Hayman, senior researcher at CFA Institute, to explore why traditional financial models often fail to capture the real dynamics of markets. Drawing from decades of experience — from hedge funds to the US Treasury — Bookstaber unpacks how human behavior, feedback loops, and network effects shape systemic risk and market crises. The conversation delves into how complexity science, agent-based modeling, and new AI tools can help investors build resilience and rethink how risk is managed. Listen to the episode for insights on navigating today's interconnected financial landscape, and read Genevieve's recent report, Reframing Financial Markets as Complex Systems, available at https://rpc.cfainstitute.org/research/reports/2025/reframing-financial-markets-as-complex-systems.

Mercer Senior Partner Christine Mahoney joins host Mike Wallberg, CFA, to unpack key findings from the Mercer CFA Institute Global Pension Index 2025. She explains how 52 retirement income systems are evaluated on adequacy, sustainability, and integrity—and what those measures reveal about the resilience of retirement systems worldwide. The discussion explores government influence on pension investments, the principle of "retirement first," and the role of policy incentives in balancing national priorities with member outcomes. Listen now to hear what's driving pension reform and innovation globally. Read the full report: https://rpc.cfainstitute.org/research/reports/2025/mercer-cfa-institute-global-pension-index-2025

In this episode of Enterprising Investor, Winston Ma, CFA, investor, attorney, author, and partner at Dragon Capital, joins guest host and editor of the Enterprising Investor blog, Cathy Scott, to explore how sovereign wealth is reshaping markets in the age of AI and geopolitical rivalry. Drawing on his experience as former head of the North America office for China Investment Corporation, Winston unpacks the unconventional rise of a US sovereign wealth fund, its investments in Intel and critical AI supply chains, and the far-reaching implications for global investors. From governance challenges to co-investment opportunities, he explains why asset managers, advisors, and retail investors alike must view every company through the interconnected lenses of law, finance, technology, and geopolitics. Tune in to hear Winston's insights, and don't miss his blog post, Intel, TikTok, and a US Sovereign Wealth Fund: What It Means for Investors, on Enterprising Investor.

Rob Arnott, founder and chairman of Research Affiliates, joins The Enterprising Investor to challenge long-held assumptions about the equity risk premium and asset allocation. Drawing on Fear, Not Risk, Explains Asset Pricing, the provocative paper he co-authored with Edward McQuarrie, Arnott explores why markets may reward investors less for traditional risk-taking than previously believed, and how fear—both of loss and of missing out—better explains investor behavior. From historical return data to the role of AI in gauging market sentiment, Arnott offers a bold framework that could reshape modern finance. Tune in to rethink the foundations of modern asset pricing. Learn more about Rob Arnott: https://rpc.cfainstitute.org/voices-of-influence/rob-arnott Mike mentioned "Stocks for the Long Run" article by Ed McQuarrie and others, you can find that here: https://www.tandfonline.com/doi/full/10.1080/0015198X.2023.2268556 This show is made possible through partnerships with sponsors like Tenzing MEMO. Tenzing MEMO gets professionals up to speed quickly on ~6,000 public companies with real-time research, topical briefings, and intelligent Q&A derived from the latest market data, filings, news, and transcripts. Use MEMO to go from 0 to 60 fast on your watchlist, competitors, clients, and your own company, too. Register for a free trial to see what Tenzing MEMO can do for you today. Visit their website and give it a try. https://www.tenzingmemo.com/

Baxter Hines, Chief Investment Officer at Honeycomb Digital Investments and author of Digital Finance, dives into the transformative power of blockchain in finance. He discusses how tokenization can reduce costs and enhance transparency, making financial markets more efficient. The conversation highlights real-world applications of tokenized securities and the ongoing clarity in regulations that's paving the way for their growth. Hines also explores the investment potential of Bitcoin and other cryptocurrencies, emphasizing their unique role in diversified portfolios.