Short Wave

Drew Harvell, a marine biologist and author of *The Ocean's Menagerie*, dives into the mystical world of spineless sea creatures. She highlights the incredible superpowers of marine invertebrates, like sponges' unique role in cancer research. Harvell also discusses the vibrant nudibranchs, their stunning defense mechanisms, and the critical need for ocean conservation. The astonishing adaptability and ecological significance of these ancient creatures not only inspire scientific advancements but also remind us of the complex beauty beneath the waves.

Nell Greenfieldboyce, NPR's science correspondent, dives into groundbreaking advancements at the Vera C. Rubin Observatory in Chile. This powerful telescope is set to scan the southern sky over the next decade, potentially unveiling the mysterious 'Planet 9.' Greenfieldboyce discusses the challenges scientists face while searching for this elusive planet and the innovative technologies being employed. With its ambitious mission to reveal hidden celestial movements, the observatory could revolutionize our understanding of astronomy and dark matter.

Jonathan Lambert, an NPR science reporter, dives into the intriguing world of pharmaceuticals in our waterways. He discusses the alarming presence of over 900 drugs in rivers and how they affect fish behavior, particularly salmon. Research shows that anti-anxiety medications can disrupt fish migration patterns. Lambert shares insights on the environmental implications of this pollution and potential solutions, like improved wastewater treatment and eco-friendly drugs, highlighting a profound connection between human health and aquatic life.

The podcast investigates why flowers are blooming earlier than usual, raising concerns about climate change. It delves into the science of phenology and historical records, including insights from Henry David Thoreau's observations. Listeners learn about the impact on urban ecosystems and gardening practices due to rising temperatures. The discussion also highlights the importance of community engagement in scientific observation through apps like iNaturalist, encouraging individual participation in monitoring local environmental changes.

Zach Weinersmith, a talented cartoonist and science writer, has dedicated four years to researching space settlement, co-authoring 'City on Mars' with his biologist wife, Kelly Weinersmith. Together, they dive into fascinating discussions about the feasibility of human life on Mars, examining the challenges of food production and reproduction in space. They also present compelling arguments about the harsh realities of colonizing another planet versus focusing on environmental issues here on Earth, sparking thought-provoking insights on humanity's future.

Male fiddler crabs use intricate courtship dances to attract mates, creating not just visual displays but also producing vibrations. New research reveals that these seismic signals play a crucial role in the mating process. The conversation shifts to lab-grown chicken nuggets, showcasing innovative techniques for sustainable meat production. Additionally, there's fascinating insight into psychedelic therapies, including a new molecule offering potential benefits without the psychedelic effects. It's a blend of nature's quirks and cutting-edge science!

Fernando García-Moreno, an evolutionary and developmental neurobiologist, discusses his groundbreaking research revealing that birds, reptiles, and mammals evolved their brains independently from a common ancestor. He delves into the structural differences across these species, challenging traditional views on avian intelligence and highlighting convergent evolution. García-Moreno emphasizes the non-linear paths of evolution that led to diverse forms of intelligence in nature, suggesting that human brains may not be as uniquely special as we believe.

As allergy season blooms, many are feeling the impact more than ever. Experts discuss how climate change is extending and intensifying allergic rhinitis, with rising pollen levels making life difficult. Tips from allergists provide hope for those facing increased symptoms, including the surprising benefits of wearing masks. With a deep dive into the connection between carbon dioxide and pollen production, listeners learn practical ways to manage allergies in this challenging environment.

Saad Bhamla, a principal investigator at the Bhamla Lab, is revolutionizing science communication through comics. He discusses the incredible physics of the glassy-winged sharpshooter, which can eject pee faster than a cheetah accelerates. The conversation dives into his comic series that humorously showcases nature's wonders while making science approachable for younger audiences. Bhamla emphasizes bridging the gap between scientists and the public through engaging storytelling, highlighting that comics can spark curiosity and connection.

In this engaging conversation, astronomer Josh Wynn from Princeton University shares insights as an exoplanet hunter. He explains how astronomers detect distant planets by observing the subtle 'wiggles' of stars. Learn about the Doppler effect and the astrometric technique used to unveil these celestial bodies. Josh highlights the groundbreaking work of the GAIA telescope, revealing how its data enhances our understanding of exoplanetary systems. Excitement builds for future discoveries in the ever-expanding universe!