The Protestant Libertarian Podcast

Alex Bernardo
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Sep 18, 2025 • 1h 3min

Ep 220: Covenant Theology with Jacob Winograd

In this episode I talk to Jacob Winograd about covenant theology and its impact on Biblical interpretation. We discussed my recent conversation with Stephen Angliss about dispensationalism, and Jacob argues for the alternative of covenant theology. He explains how God works through various covenants and their fulfillment, how it provides a hermeneutical framework for reading the Bible, how it is different than dispensationalism, and how it intersects both with the Reformed tradition and political readings of the text. We also discuss how covenant theology can help us think critically about the second Trump administration. Media Referenced:The Biblical Anarchy podcast: https://libertarianchristians.com/shows/biblical-anarchy/Jacob on X: @BiblicalAnarchyStephen Angliss on Dispensationalism: https://libertarianchristians.com/episode/ep-213-biblical-dispensationalism-with-stephen-angliss/Jacob and Alex on History vs. Theology in Interpretation: https://libertarianchristians.com/episode/theology-first-or-history-first-making-sense-of-scripture-in-modern-times-with-alex-bernardo/ The Protestant Libertarian Podcast is a project of the Libertarian Christian Institute and a part of the Christians For Liberty Network. The Libertarian Christian Institute can be found at www.libertarianchristians.com. Questions, comments, suggestions? Please reach out to me at theprotestantlibertarian@gmail.com.  You can also follow the podcast on Twitter: @prolibertypod, and YouTube, @ProLibertyPod, where you will get shorts and other exclusive video content. For more about the show, you can go to theprotestantlibertarianpodcast.com. If you like the show and want to support it, you can! Go to libertarianchristians.com, where you can donate to LCI and buy The Protestant Libertarian Podcast Merch! Also, please consider giving me a star rating and leaving me a review, it really helps expand the show’s profile! Thanks!
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Sep 16, 2025 • 58min

Ep 219: Judeophobia and Philippians 3 with Mark Nanos

In this episode I talk with Dr. Mark Nanos about his recent contribution on Philippians to the book Judeophobia and the New Testament, out now on Eerdmans. Dr. Nanos is the leading proponent of the ‘Paul Within Judaism’ school which reads Paul as a Jew who continues to understand his mission as an apostle within the framework of Judaism. He argues that the Christian interpretive tradition has marginalized and disparaged Judaism in unhelpful and unhistorical ways, and that Philippians 3 has often been used in anti-Jewish polemic. He situates Philippians 3 within its historical and rhetorical context, explaining how references to ‘dogs’ and ‘stomachs’ make more sense within the framework of Cynic philosophy and should best be understood as an attack against pagan culture instead of Judaism. We talk about Paul’s Jewish identity and his belief that gentiles were incorporated into Israel through faith, as well as why modern Christians need to seriously reconsider Paul and his Jewish identity if we want to faithfully interpret the New Testament.  Media Referenced:Judeophobia and the New Testament: https://a.co/d/3pX4d1yMark Nanos Website: https://marknanos.com/ The Protestant Libertarian Podcast is a project of the Libertarian Christian Institute and a part of the Christians For Liberty Network. The Libertarian Christian Institute can be found at www.libertarianchristians.com. Questions, comments, suggestions? Please reach out to me at theprotestantlibertarian@gmail.com.  You can also follow the podcast on Twitter: @prolibertypod, and YouTube, @ProLibertyPod, where you will get shorts and other exclusive video content. For more about the show, you can go to theprotestantlibertarianpodcast.com. If you like the show and want to support it, you can! Go to libertarianchristians.com, where you can donate to LCI and buy The Protestant Libertarian Podcast Merch! Also, please consider giving me a star rating and leaving me a review, it really helps expand the show’s profile! Thanks!
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Sep 9, 2025 • 56min

Ep 218: A Christian Response to Israel, Epstein, Trump, Flag-Burning, and More with Jason Fry

In this episode I talk with Jason Fry, author of National Divorce: A Plan for Peace, about how Christians should respond to everything going on in the news cycle today. We talk Israel/Palestine, the Trump economy, flag burning, and how Christians should interact with political leaders. Jason also explains how national divorce can solve many of these problems and why Christians should think critically about current events.  Media Referenced:Book Website: https://www.national-divorce.com/Jason on X: @JasonKFryFaith in the Folds Lipscomb episode: https://youtu.be/tfimNQAKRkg?si=tx4yyDaYQ3Bdxt09  The Protestant Libertarian Podcast is a project of the Libertarian Christian Institute and a part of the Christians For Liberty Network. The Libertarian Christian Institute can be found at www.libertarianchristians.com. Questions, comments, suggestions? Please reach out to me at theprotestantlibertarian@gmail.com.  You can also follow the podcast on Twitter: @prolibertypod, and YouTube, @ProLibertyPod, where you will get shorts and other exclusive video content. For more about the show, you can go to theprotestantlibertarianpodcast.com. If you like the show and want to support it, you can! Go to libertarianchristians.com, where you can donate to LCI and buy The Protestant Libertarian Podcast Merch! Also, please consider giving me a star rating and leaving me a review, it really helps expand the show’s profile! Thanks!
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Sep 2, 2025 • 1h 2min

Ep 217: Ancient Slavery and the New Testament with Christy Cobb and Katherine Shaner

In this episode I talk with Dr. Christy Cobb and Dr. Katherine Shaner about the new book they coedited entitled Ancient Slavery and Its New Testament Contexts, out now on Eerdmans. They explain the institution of slavery in antiquity, its pervasiveness in Greco-Roman society, and how Romans and Jews alike thought about slavery. Dr. Cobb explains her chapter on gender roles, noting how men and women experienced slavery differently, and Dr. Shaner explains her chapter on New Testament household codes and their complex presentation of slavery. We then talk about the conflicting instructions regarding slavery in the New Testament, the Bible’s role in the abolitionist movement, and why Christians should seriously think about this issue. Dr. Cobb also wanted to refer curious listeners to the following article, which explores slavery in the Rabbinic tradition in greater detail: Hezser, Catherine. “Part Whore, Part Wife: Slave Women in the Palestinian Rabbinic Tradition.” In Doing Gender - Doing Religion: Case Studies on Intersectionality in Early Judaism, Christianity and Islam, edited by Ute E. Eisen, Christine Gerber, and Angela Standhartinger. Mohr Siebeck, 2013.  Media Referenced:Ancient Slavery and Its New Testament Contexts: https://a.co/d/bixo0LZChristy Cobb Bio: https://liberalarts.du.edu/about/people/christy-cobbChristy Cobb Academia: https://udenver.academia.edu/ChristyCobbKatherine Shaner Bio: https://divinity.wfu.edu/academics/faculty/katherine-a-shaner/ The Protestant Libertarian Podcast is a project of the Libertarian Christian Institute and a part of the Christians For Liberty Network. The Libertarian Christian Institute can be found at www.libertarianchristians.com. Questions, comments, suggestions? Please reach out to me at theprotestantlibertarian@gmail.com.  You can also follow the podcast on Twitter: @prolibertypod, and YouTube, @ProLibertyPod, where you will get shorts and other exclusive video content. For more about the show, you can go to theprotestantlibertarianpodcast.com. If you like the show and want to support it, you can! Go to libertarianchristians.com, where you can donate to LCI and buy The Protestant Libertarian Podcast Merch! Also, please consider giving me a star rating and leaving me a review, it really helps expand the show’s profile! Thanks!
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Aug 26, 2025 • 50min

Ep 216: Jesus the Divine Messiah and Gospel Trajectories

In this episode I discuss how the gospel writers develop both the messianic and divine identity of Jesus, building up from their sources. I discuss my preferred theory to the Synoptic problem, the Farrer Hypothesis. It postulates that Mark was the first written gospel, Matthew used Mark as a source and added his own material, and Luke used both Mark and Matthew as a source. I then explore a recent proposal made by James Barker who argues that John knew the Synoptic gospels. Advocating for the Farrer theory, he explores ‘Synoptic trajectories’, showing how each successive evangelist developed their source material, and shows how the line runs through John, which was a creative rewriting of the Synoptics. I apply these theories to the opening verse of each gospel. Mark 1:1 acknowledges that Jesus is Messiah, possibly alludes to Genesis 1-2, and sets the beginning of Jesus’ ministry with John the Baptist. Matthew agrees but pushes Jesus’ origins back to David through Abraham while narrating the divine conception of Jesus. Luke further develops the divine and messianic Christology of Mark and Matthew, tracing Jesus’ lineage back to Adam, boldly affirming his messianic status, and more extensively narrating Jesus’ divine conception. John agrees with all of this and takes the final step, showing Jesus participating in creation while retaining his Davidic, Messianic Christology.  Media Referenced:James Barker interview: https://libertarianchristians.com/episode/ep-181-how-the-gospel-writers-copied-each-other-with-james-barker/Helen Bond interview: https://libertarianchristians.com/episode/ep-167-the-gospels-as-biography-with-helen-bond/Paul and Divine Christology: https://libertarianchristians.com/episode/ep-127-paul-believed-that-jesus-was-god-with-chris-bruno/ The Protestant Libertarian Podcast is a project of the Libertarian Christian Institute and a part of the Christians For Liberty Network. The Libertarian Christian Institute can be found at www.libertarianchristians.com.Questions, comments, suggestions? Please reach out to me at theprotestantlibertarian@gmail.com.  You can also follow the podcast on Twitter: @prolibertypod, and YouTube, @ProLibertyPod, where you will get shorts and other exclusive video content. For more about the show, you can go to theprotestantlibertarianpodcast.com. If you like the show and want to support it, you can! Go to libertarianchristians.com, where you can donate to LCI and buy The Protestant Libertarian Podcast Merch! Also, please consider giving me a star rating and leaving me a review, it really helps expand the show’s profile! Thanks!
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Aug 19, 2025 • 58min

Ep 215: The Federal Reserve with Bob Murphy

In this episode I talk with economist Dr. Bob Murphy about the Federal Reserve. Murphy argues that the Federal Reserve should be abolished. We explore the history of the Fed and how it has not only failed to produce economic stability but causes great economic harm. Murphy explains how the Fed devalues the currency, the impact Fed policy has on average Americans, and why Christians should be critical of the Fed. He also discusses why it should be abolished and how it can be reformed in the meantime. If you want a one-podcast introduction to the Federal Reserve, this is it! Media Referenced:Bob Murphy on X: @BobMurphyEconZeroHedge Debate: https://youtu.be/poymGXekiJs?si=ePSUljD-vWoIoRAeUnderstanding Money Mechanics book: https://cdn.mises.org/understanding_money_mechanics_with_cover_image_attached.pdfThe Bob Murphy Show: https://www.bobmurphyshow.com/ The Protestant Libertarian Podcast is a project of the Libertarian Christian Institute and a part of the Christians For Liberty Network. The Libertarian Christian Institute can be found at www.libertarianchristians.com.Questions, comments, suggestions? Please reach out to me at theprotestantlibertarian@gmail.com.  You can also follow the podcast on Twitter: @prolibertypod, and YouTube, @ProLibertyPod, where you will get shorts and other exclusive video content. For more about the show, you can go to theprotestantlibertarianpodcast.com. If you like the show and want to support it, you can! Go to libertarianchristians.com, where you can donate to LCI and buy The Protestant Libertarian Podcast Merch! Also, please consider giving me a star rating and leaving me a review, it really helps expand the show’s profile! Thanks!
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Aug 12, 2025 • 56min

Ep 214: Jesus Taxes the Fish | Matthew 17:24-27

In this episode I explore Matthew 17:24-27, in which Peter is asked if Jesus pays the temple tax. After talking to Peter about this question, Jesus says the sons of kings are exempt from taxes, but “so that we do not offend them” Peter is to catch a fish with a coin in its mouth and pay the tax anyway. We explore the literary and historical context of this passage, showing that Matthew uses it to develop Jesus’ messianic identity. This passage corresponds to Jeremiah 29:7, where Jeremiah tells the Babylonian exiles to seek the welfare of the city before describing Babylon’s ultimate destruction. God’s people should seek to live at peace with their neighbors knowing that God will come back and rescue them in the end. I then explore how the themes of not giving offense and seeking the welfare of neighbors are found in Romans 13 and 1 Peter 2, discussing our obligation to seek peace knowing that God will one day do away with these unjust systems.  Media Referenced:Everyone is Wrong About Romans: https://libertarianchristians.com/episode/ep-130-everyone-is-wrong-about-romans-13-including-me/Romans 13 Revisited: https://libertarianchristians.com/episode/ep-210-revisiting-romans-13/1 Peter 2 Podcast: https://libertarianchristians.com/episode/ep-121-submit-to-the-authorities-1-peter-213-17/1 Peter 2 Article: https://libertarianchristians.com/2024/11/26/submit-to-the-authorities/ The Protestant Libertarian Podcast is a project of the Libertarian Christian Institute and a part of the Christians For Liberty Network. The Libertarian Christian Institute can be found at www.libertarianchristians.com.Questions, comments, suggestions? Please reach out to me at theprotestantlibertarian@gmail.com.  You can also follow the podcast on Twitter: @prolibertypod, and YouTube, @ProLibertyPod, where you will get shorts and other exclusive video content. For more about the show, you can go to theprotestantlibertarianpodcast.com. If you like the show and want to support it, you can! Go to libertarianchristians.com, where you can donate to LCI and buy The Protestant Libertarian Podcast Merch! Also, please consider giving me a star rating and leaving me a review, it really helps expand the show’s profile! Thanks!
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Aug 5, 2025 • 1h

Ep 213: Biblical Dispensationalism with Stephen Angliss

In this episode I talk with pastor Stephen Angliss about Biblical dispensationalism. He is both reformed and a dispensationalist, and he makes the Biblical and theological case for dispensational theology. He argues that dispensationalism is a hermeneutical posture towards Scripture which enables Christians to see how God acts through different periods of history. He explains the main tenets of dispensationalism, its theological diversity, why he believes it is superior to covenant theology, how it fits into the Reformed tradition, and, very importantly, the role of Israel in dispensational eschatology.  Media Referenced:Stephen on X: @Stephen_AnglissGraham Immanuel Baptist Church: https://www.grahamemmanuel.org/Mike Vlach on X: @mikevlachDispensationalism: https://a.co/d/d9nhsA4 The Protestant Libertarian Podcast is a project of the Libertarian Christian Institute and a part of the Christians For Liberty Network. The Libertarian Christian Institute can be found at www.libertarianchristians.com. Questions, comments, suggestions? Please reach out to me at theprotestantlibertarian@gmail.com.  You can also follow the podcast on Twitter: @prolibertypod, and YouTube, @ProLibertyPod, where you will get shorts and other exclusive video content. For more about the show, you can go to theprotestantlibertarianpodcast.com. If you like the show and want to support it, you can! Go to libertarianchristians.com, where you can donate to LCI and buy The Protestant Libertarian Podcast Merch! Also, please consider giving me a star rating and leaving me a review, it really helps expand the show’s profile! Thanks!
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Jul 29, 2025 • 57min

Ep 212: Why Anabaptists Aren’t Like Other Protestants with Cody Cook

In this episode I talk yet again with the great anarchist anabaptist Cody Cook. He is the author of two recent books on Anabaptism, The Anarchist Anabaptist and The Pocket Anabaptist. In this episode we explore what makes anabaptism unique and how it fits in with the wider protestant tradition. Cody explains how anabaptist have always been uncomfortable with state power, how anabaptists understand controversial theological issues such as baptism and justification, and why they are committed to nonviolence. We compare them to Lutherans, Calvinists, and other protestant groups, why anabaptism is compatible with anarchism, how modern anabaptists have compromised the tradition’s theology, and how anabaptists and other Christians can build ecumenical relationships.  Media Referenced:Buy The Anarchist Anabaptist: https://a.co/d/0AtxLAaBuy The Pocket Anabaptist: https://a.co/d/8wr7UQ5TPLP Interview on The Anarchist Anabaptist: https://libertarianchristians.com/episode/ep-183-anabaptist-anarchy-with-cody-cook/https://anarchistanabaptist.com/https://www.cantus-firmus.com/Cody on X: CantusFirmusCC The Protestant Libertarian Podcast is a project of the Libertarian Christian Institute and a part of the Christians For Liberty Network. The Libertarian Christian Institute can be found at www.libertarianchristians.com.Questions, comments, suggestions? Please reach out to me at theprotestantlibertarian@gmail.com.  You can also follow the podcast on Twitter: @prolibertypod, and YouTube, @ProLibertyPod, where you will get shorts and other exclusive video content. For more about the show, you can go to theprotestantlibertarianpodcast.com. If you like the show and want to support it, you can! Go to libertarianchristians.com, where you can donate to LCI and buy The Protestant Libertarian Podcast Merch! Also, please consider giving me a star rating and leaving me a review, it really helps expand the show’s profile! Thanks!
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Jul 22, 2025 • 1h 1min

Ep 211: Progressive Christians are Left-Wing Christian Nationalists

Kevin Burr and I discuss my article at LCI entitled ‘Progressive Christian Nationalism’ in which I explain how Christian nationalism and progressive Christianity are structurally identical. Despite wide disagreements regarding particular policy issues, both sides believe that the state should impose Christian values on society by force for the ‘good’ of the public. Enjoy this episode, and give Kevin and his podcast a follow! Media Referenced:Kevin Burr Twitter: @kbburrFaith in the Folds Twitter: @faithinthefoldsFaith in the Folds Podcast: https://rss.com/podcasts/faithinthefolds/Faith in the Folds Youtube: https://www.youtube.com/channel/UCTLaLhEOui1uJi_1UrqP7oAYouTube Video: https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=gZZM-uE_LoU&t=1144sProgressive Christian Nationalism Article: https://libertarianchristians.com/2023/10/09/progressive-christian-nationalism-left-right-authoritarian/Listen to the article here: https://libertarianchristians.com/episode/ep-112-progressive-christian-nationalism/ The Protestant Libertarian Podcast is a project of the Libertarian Christian Institute and a part of the Christians For Liberty Network. The Libertarian Christian Institute can be found at www.libertarianchristians.com.Questions, comments, suggestions? Please reach out to me at theprotestantlibertarian@gmail.com.  You can also follow the podcast on Twitter: @prolibertypod, and YouTube, @ProLibertyPod, where you will get shorts and other exclusive video content. For more about the show, you can go to theprotestantlibertarianpodcast.com. If you like the show and want to support it, you can! Go to libertarianchristians.com, where you can donate to LCI and buy The Protestant Libertarian Podcast Merch! Also, please consider giving me a star rating and leaving me a review, it really helps expand the show’s profile! Thanks!

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