Astronomy Daily - The Podcast: S03E193Welcome to Astronomy Daily, your trusted source for the latest space and Astronomy news. I'm your host, Anna, and today we have an exciting lineup of stories, from the edge of our solar system to surprising discoveries closer to home.Highlights:- Voyager 1 Communication Challenges: NASA's Voyager 1, 15 billion miles from Earth, recently faced communication issues due to a fault protection system trigger. After switching to a backup S band system, NASA successfully reestablished contact, showcasing the spacecraft's resilience and the challenges of maintaining aging technology in interstellar space.- China's Tiangong Space Station Mission: A new crew of three astronauts launched to China's Tiangong Space Station, marking another milestone in the nation's space exploration. Notably, Wang Haozi joins as China's only female spaceflight engineer, contributing to lunar soil experiments that align with China's lunar ambitions.- Potential Ocean on Uranus's Moon Miranda: Research suggests Miranda might host a subsurface ocean beneath its chaotic surface. This discovery positions Miranda among other potential ocean worlds, expanding our understanding of liquid water in the solar system.- Mars's Extended Magnetic Field: New findings from Harvard suggest Mars's protective magnetic field lasted longer than previously thought. This extended timeline implies more favorable conditions for life to have developed, challenging assumptions about Mars's early history.- Terraforming Mars for Tree Growth: Research from Warsaw University explores the conditions needed to grow trees on Mars, focusing on the Hellas Basin for its potential to support Martian forests, bringing us closer to transforming the Red Planet.- Comet C 2024 S1 Atlas Disintegration: The comet, initially promising a bright Halloween display, disintegrated after a close solar encounter. Its demise offers insights into comet compositions and the extreme conditions near the Sun.For more cosmic updates, visit our website at astronomydaily.io. Sign up for our free Daily newsletter, explore sponsor deals, and catch up on past episodes. Join our community on social media by finding us as #AstroDailyPod on Facebook, X, YouTube, Tumblr, and TikTok. Share your thoughts and connect with fellow space enthusiasts.Thank you for tuning in. This is Anna signing off. Until next time, keep looking up and stay curious about the wonders of our universe.Sponsor Links:NordVPN - www.bitesz.com/nordvpn - currently Up to 74% off + 3 extra monthsOld Glory - www.bitesz.com/oldglory Official NASA Merch. plus Sports & Music Merch. Over 100,000 items in stockProton Mail - www.bitesz.com/protonmail Secure email that protects your privacy. The one we use.Malwarebytes - www.bitesz.com/malwarebytes Premium protection for you and all your devices! Ours too...Become a supporter of this podcast: https://www.spreaker.com/podcast/astronomy-daily-the-podcast--5648921/support

Astronomy Daily - The Podcast: S03E192Welcome to Astronomy Daily, your premier source for the latest news in space and Astronomy. I'm your host, Anna, and today we're embarking on a cosmic journey that spans from the militarization of space to the mysteries of Venus.Highlights:- Militarization of Space: As space becomes a potential battleground, nations worldwide are investing in space defense. With both kinetic and non-kinetic weapons being explored, the risks of an arms race in space are growing, raising concerns about the need for updated international regulations.- ESA's HERA Mission Success: The European Space Agency's HERA mission marks a milestone with its CubeSats, Juventus and Milani, successfully signaling from deep space. This achievement paves the way for future deep space missions using these miniature satellites.- Launch Schedule: A busy week for space launches includes China's Shenzhou 19 mission, SpaceX's multiple Starlink launches, and a secretive Russian mission. With Rocket Lab also joining the action, the global space launch landscape continues to expand.- China's Space Milestone: Wang Haoze becomes China's only female spaceflight engineer to join the Tiangong Space Station crew, marking a significant step in China's space exploration efforts and highlighting its commitment to diversity.- NASA's Artemis 3 Landing Sites: NASA narrows down potential landing sites for the Artemis 3 mission near the Moon's south pole. These sites offer scientific value and the potential for sustainable lunar exploration, setting the stage for future human missions to Mars.- Venus's Ancient Impact Craters: New research suggests the discovery of ancient impact craters on Venus, providing insights into the planet's geological history and challenging our understanding of planetary evolution.For more cosmic news, visit our website at astronomydaily.io. Sign up for our free Daily newsletter and explore sponsor links for great deals. Catch up on all our previous episodes and join our celestial community on social media. Find us as #AstroDailyPod on Facebook, X, YouTube, Tumblr, and TikTok. Share your thoughts and connect with fellow space enthusiasts.Thank you for tuning in. This is Anna signing off. Until next time, keep looking up and stay curious about the wonders of our universe.Sponsor Links:NordVPN - www.bitesz.com/nordvpn - currently Up to 74% off + 3 extra monthsOld Glory - www.bitesz.com/oldglory Official NASA Merch. Over 100,000 items in stockProton Mail - www.bitesz.com/protonmail Secure email that protects your privacyMalwarebytes - www.bitesz.com/malwarebytes Premium protection for you and all your devices!Become a supporter of this podcast: https://www.spreaker.com/podcast/astronomy-daily-the-podcast--5648921/support

Astronomy Daily the Podcast - S03E191Welcome to Astronomy AstroDailyPod, your daily source for the latest in Space and Astronomy news. I'm Steve, your host, and today we have a fascinating lineup of stories ranging from lunar discoveries to Space tourism and astronaut health updates.Highlights:- Apollo 16 Lunar Sample Revelations: Fresh analysis of lunar dust collected by Apollo 16 astronauts unveils new insights into the moon's history. These findings highlight the impact of asteroid strikes and could guide future moon missions in locating valuable resources for moon bases.- Crew 8 Astronaut Released: A NASA Crew 8 astronaut, hospitalised after splashdown, has been released and is in good health. The identity and medical issue remain undisclosed, but the crew member will continue post-flight reconditioning.- Boeing Starliner Challenges: NASA continues to address issues with Boeing's Starliner after its first crewed test flight faced propulsion problems. The timeline for future missions remains uncertain as NASA and Boeing work to resolve these challenges.- Deep Blue Aerospace's Space Tourism Plans: Chinese company Deep Blue Aerospace announces plans to launch space tourists by 2027. Tickets are priced at $210,000, offering a multi-sensory journey to suborbital Space.- India's Chandrayaan 4 Mission: India's Chandrayaan 4 lunar sample return mission targets the lunar south pole, aiming to collect samples and demonstrate crew landing capabilities. The mission will be followed by a joint mission with Japan.For more cosmic news, visit our website at astronomydaily.io. There, you can sign up for our free AstroDailyPod newsletter, explore sponsor links for great deals, and catch up on all our previous episodes.Join our celestial community on social media. Find us as #AstroDailyPod on facebook, Tumblr, TikTok, YouTube and X. Share your thoughts and connect with fellow Space enthusiasts.Thank you for tuning in. This is Steve signing off. Until next time, keep looking up and stay curious about the wonders of our universe.Sponsor Links:NordVPN - www.bitesz.com/nordvpn - currently Up to 74% off + 3 extra monthsOld Glory - www.bitesz.com/oldglory Sport and Entertainment Merch. Over 100,000 items in stockProton Mail - www.bitesz.com/protonmail Secure email that protects your privacyMalwarebytes - www.bitesz.com/malwarebytes Premium protection for you and all your devices!Become a supporter of this podcast: https://www.spreaker.com/podcast/astronomy-daily-the-podcast--5648921/support

Astronomy Daily - The Podcast: S03E190Welcome to Astronomy Daily, your go-to source for the latest and most exciting space and Astronomy news. I'm your host, Anna, and I'm thrilled to bring you today's Cosmic Update. In this episode, we've got a packed lineup of fascinating stories from the world of space exploration and discovery.Highlights:- SpaceX Crew Dragon Medical Incident: An unnamed NASA astronaut faced an unspecified medical issue shortly after returning to Earth from a nearly eight-month mission aboard the ISS. The crew's return was delayed due to hurricanes, marking a record-breaking mission for SpaceX's Crew Dragon.- Boeing's Space Division Changes: Boeing is reportedly considering selling parts of its space business, including the troubled Starliner program, as it grapples with cost overruns and challenges in the competitive space industry.- SpaceX's Starship Near Miss: A near miss during SpaceX's Starship test flight highlighted the razor-thin margins of their operations. A misconfigured parameter almost triggered an abort sequence, showcasing the complexities of space technology development.- AST SpaceMobile Milestone: AST SpaceMobile has successfully deployed its first five production satellites for direct-to-smartphone services. The company is conducting health checks and awaits regulatory approval for US operations.- Apollo 14 Astronaut's Rolex Auction: A Rolex GMT Master worn by Apollo 14 astronaut Edgar Mitchell sold for $2.2 million, setting a record as the most expensive astronaut timepiece ever sold. The watch's journey to the moon adds to its allure.For more cosmic news, visit our website at astronomydaily.io. There, you can sign up for our free Daily newsletter, explore sponsor links for great deals, and catch up on all our previous episodes.Join our celestial community on social media. Find us as #AstroDailyPod on Facebook, X, YouTube, Tumblr, and TikTok. Share your thoughts and connect with fellow space enthusiasts.Thank you for tuning in. This is Anna signing off. Until next time, keep looking up and stay curious about the wonders of our universe.Sponsor Links:NordVPN - www.bitesz.com/nordvpn - currently Up to 74% off + 3 extra monthsOld Glory - www.bitesz.com/oldglory Sport and Entertainment Merch. Over 100,000 items in stockProton Mail - www.bitesz.com/protonmail Secure email that protects your privacyMalwarebytes - www.bitesz.com/malwarebytes Premium protection for you and all your devices!Become a supporter of this podcast: https://www.spreaker.com/podcast/astronomy-daily-the-podcast--5648921/support

Astronomy Daily - The Podcast: S03E189Welcome to Astronomy Daily, your source for the latest in space and Astronomy news. I'm your host, Anna, and today we're exploring a range of captivating topics, from space debris solutions to black holes, espionage in space, and the burgeoning field of space tourism.Highlights:- Zero Debris Charter: The European Space Agency is tackling the growing issue of space debris with their innovative Zero Debris Charter, gaining over 100 international signatories, including New Zealand and Mexico. This voluntary initiative aims to foster global cooperation in mitigating space junk, emphasizing prevention, mitigation, and safe reentry practices.- Espionage in Space: China raises concerns over foreign espionage targeting their space program, highlighting the competitive and secretive nature of global space exploration. This development underscores the delicate balance between national interests and international collaboration in the space sector.- Unique Black Hole System: Discover the groundbreaking identification of a triple system featuring a black hole with two orbiting stars. This intriguing configuration challenges our understanding of black hole formation, suggesting a gentler process than previously thought.- Euclid Mission's Cosmic Map: The European Space Agency's Euclid mission unveils a stunning 208-gigapixel mosaic of the southern sky, offering insights into dark energy and the universe's expansion. This is just the beginning of a six-year mission to create the most extensive 3D map of the cosmos.- NASA Telescope Budget Relief: NASA postpones budget cuts for the Chandra X-Ray Observatory and Hubble Space Telescope, offering hope for continued groundbreaking research. The decision highlights the challenges of managing mission portfolios within budget constraints.- Discovery of Pyrene: A significant finding in the Taurus molecular cloud reveals one of the largest carbon-based molecules, pyrene, offering clues about the origin of carbon and the potential beginnings of life.- China's Space Tourism: Jiangsu Deep Blue Aerospace Technology enters the space tourism race, announcing pre-orders for suborbital flights with their reusable rocket, Nebula 1, set for launch in 2027. This move positions China as a competitor in the global space tourism market.For more cosmic news, visit our website at astronomydaily.io. There, you can sign up for our free Daily newsletter, explore sponsor links for great deals, and catch up on all our previous episodes.Join our celestial community on social media. Find us as #AstroDailyPod on Facebook, X, YouTube, Tumblr, and TikTok. Share your thoughts and connect with fellow space enthusiasts.Thank you for tuning in. This is Anna signing off. Until next time, keep looking up and stay curious about the wonders of our universe.Sponsor Links:NordVPN - www.bitesz.com/nordvpn - currently Up to 74% off + 3 extra monthsOld Glory - www.bitesz.com/oldglory Sport and Entertainment Merch. Over 100,000 items in stockProton Mail - www.bitesz.com/protonmail Secure email that protects your privacyMalwarebytes - www.bitesz.com/malwarebytes Premium protection for you and all your devices!Become a supporter of this podcast: https://www.spreaker.com/podcast/astronomy-daily-the-podcast--5648921/support

Astronomy Daily - The Podcast: S03E188Welcome to another episode of Astronomy Daily, your go-to source for the latest in space and Astronomy news. I'm your host, Anna, and today we're diving into a cosmic lineup of stories that span from SpaceX missions to innovative methods of studying solar storms and satellite mishaps.Highlights:- SpaceX Crew-8 Mission: After weather-related delays, SpaceX's Crew-8 mission is finally on its way back to Earth. The Dragon spacecraft, Endeavor, has undocked from the ISS, marking the end of a seven-month mission for its four astronauts. Tune in for live coverage of the splashdown and a post-splashdown news conference.- China's Tiangong Space Station: China is preparing for its 14th manned mission to the Tiangong space station. The Shenzhou 19 spacecraft is set for launch, with the crew ready to conduct advanced scientific experiments. Discover how China's space program continues to evolve and expand.- Boeing's Financial Setback: Boeing's CST-100 Starliner program faces another $250 million charge due to delays and costs. Despite mounting losses, Boeing remains committed to overcoming these challenges, emphasizing improved risk management.- Tree Rings and Solar Storms: Researchers have found a novel way to study extreme space weather by examining tree rings. This method could enhance our understanding of solar storms and their potential impacts on Earth, offering insights for future preparedness.- Miniature Monoliths in Space: Inspired by "2001: A Space Odyssey," miniature monoliths have traveled to space aboard Blue Origin's New Shepard. This unique mission combines science fiction and reality, creating a collectible for sci-fi enthusiasts.- Intelsat 33e Satellite Loss: Intelsat declares its Intelsat 33e satellite a total loss following a breakdown. The incident highlights concerns over space debris and the need for improved satellite durability.For more cosmic news, visit our website at astronomydaily.io. There, you can sign up for our free Daily newsletter, explore sponsor links for out-of-this-world deals, and catch up on all our previous episodes.Join our celestial community on social media. Find us as #AstroDailyPod on Facebook, X, YouTube, Tumblr, and TikTok. Share your thoughts and connect with fellow space enthusiasts.Thank you for tuning in. This is Anna signing off. Until next time, keep looking up and stay curious about the wonders of our universe.Sponsor Links:NordVPN - www.bitesz.com/nordvpn - currently Up to 74% off + 3 extra monthsOld Glory - www.bitesz.com/oldglory Sport and Entertainment Merch. Over 100,000 items in stockProton Mail - www.bitesz.com/protonmail Secure email that protects your privacyMalwarebytes - www.bitesz.com/malwarebytes Premium protection for you and all your devices!Become a supporter of this podcast: https://www.spreaker.com/podcast/astronomy-daily-the-podcast--5648921/support

Astronomy Daily - The Podcast: S03E187Welcome to Astronomy Daily, your trusted source for the latest and most exciting space and Astronomy news. I'm Anna, and today we're embarking on a cosmic adventure filled with fascinating discoveries and developments from the universe.Highlights:- Betelgeuse's Mysterious Behavior: Explore the latest theory about Betelgeuse, the enigmatic red supergiant star. Scientists suspect it might have a companion, affectionately dubbed "Beetle Buddy," which could explain its recent dimming and brightening. Could this cosmic giant be hiding secrets about its future supernova potential?- Mars Rover's Ascent: Get the latest updates from Mars, where NASA's Perseverance rover is navigating the challenging terrain of the Jezero Crater rim. Discover its scientific endeavors, including capturing stunning images of Mars' moons and studying Martian rocks for clues about the planet's geological history.- Unusual Cosmic Radio Signal: Delve into the mystery of a newly discovered cosmic radio pulse, ASCAP J1935+2148, with an unprecedented cycle of nearly an hour. What could be causing this bizarre behavior, and how might it challenge our understanding of neutron stars and white dwarfs?- NASA's Future Challenges: A recent report highlights critical issues facing NASA, from outdated infrastructure to budget mismatches. Explore the recommendations for rebalancing priorities and the tough decisions that lie ahead for the agency.- James Webb Space Telescope's Discoveries: Uncover groundbreaking observations of ancient quasars by the James Webb Space Telescope. These findings challenge our current models of black hole growth and galaxy formation, revealing surprisingly lonely supermassive black holes in the early universe.For more space news, visit our website at astronomydaily.io. There, you can sign up for our free Daily newsletter, check out our sponsor links for great deals, and catch up on all the latest news with our constantly updating newsfeed. You'll also find all our previous episodes available for listening.Don't forget to follow us on social media. Just search for #AstroDailyPod on Facebook, X, YouTube, Tumblr, and TikTok to stay connected with us between episodes.Thank you for tuning in. This is Anna signing off. Until next time, keep looking up and stay curious about the wonders of our universe.Sponsor Links:NordVPN - www.bitesz.com/nordvpn - currently Up to 74% off + 3 extra monthsOld Glory - www.bitesz.com/oldglory Sport and Entertainment Merch. Over 100,000 items in stockProton Mail - www.bitesz.com/protonmail Secure email that protects your privacyMalwarebytes - www.bitesz.com/malwarebytes Premium protection for you and all your devices!Become a supporter of this podcast: https://www.spreaker.com/podcast/astronomy-daily-the-podcast--5648921/support.

Astronomy Daily - The Podcast: S03E186Welcome to another thrilling episode of Astronomy Daily, your go-to source for the latest in space and Astronomy news. I'm your host, Anna, and today we're diving into a cosmic lineup that spans from ancient meteorite impacts to the intriguing world of black hole mergers.Highlights:- Ancient Meteorite Impacts: Journey back 3.26 billion years to an Earth transformed by a colossal meteorite impact, 200 times larger than the one that ended the dinosaurs. Discover how this cataclysmic event may have surprisingly boosted early life, as revealed by recent research in the Barberton Greenstone Belt of South Africa.- Busy Week for Space Launches: SpaceX is set for another Starlink satellite launch from Cape Canaveral, alongside a classified mission for the National Reconnaissance Office, potentially marking their 400th orbital launch. Meanwhile, China, Blue Origin, and Japan are all gearing up for significant launches, showcasing the dynamic pace of global space exploration.- Asteroid Ryugu's Surprising Origins: New analysis of samples from asteroid Ryugu challenges previous beliefs about its formation. Findings suggest it may have formed near Jupiter, offering fresh insights into the complex history of carbon-rich asteroids and the early solar system.- Black Hole Mergers: Delve into the violent and fascinating process of black hole mergers, where cosmic collisions release gravitational waves more powerful than all the stars in the observable universe combined. These events provide unprecedented insights into the nature of spacetime and gravity.- Doritos in Space: In a lighter story, Doritos debuts the first commercial filmed in space. Learn how the beloved snack made its way to orbit with a special zero-gravity Cool Ranch flavor, raising funds for St. Jude Children's Research Hospital.For more out-of-this-world news, visit our website at astronomydaily.io. There, you can sign up for our free Daily newsletter, catch up on the latest space and Astronomy news with our constantly updating newsfeed, and listen to all our previous episodes.Don't forget to follow us on social media. Just search for #AstroDailyPod on Facebook, X, YouTubeMusic, and TikTok.Thank you for tuning in. This is Anna signing off. Until next time, keep looking up and stay curious about the wonders of our universe.Sponsor Links:NordVPN - www.bitesz.com/nordvpn - currently Up to 74% off + 3 extra monthsOld Glory - www.bitesz.com/oldglory Sport and Entertainment Merch. Over 100,000 items in stockProton Mail - www.bitesz.com/protonmail Secure email that protects your privacyMalwarebytes - www.bitesz.com/malwarebytes Premium protection for you and all your devices!Become a supporter of this podcast: https://www.spreaker.com/podcast/astronomy-daily-the-podcast--5648921/support

Astronomy Daily - The Podcast: S03E185Welcome to Astronomy AstroDailyPod, your trusted source for the latest in Space and astronomy news. Join hosts Steve and Hallie for an enlightening journey through the cosmos, packed with the latest updates and stories that are sure to ignite your curiosity.Highlights:- Hunter's Moon Delight: Experience the beauty of the Hunter's Moon as observed from Newcastle, Australia. This celestial event has captivated skywatchers worldwide, overtaking the excitement of recent auroras.- SpaceX Satellite Launch: SpaceX successfully launched 20 spare OneWeb satellites to bolster the French operator UTelsat's Low Earth Orbit broadband network. Despite ground infrastructure delays, UTelsat is on track to offer global services by spring.- Moon Train and Robot Rovers: Discover the latest advancements in lunar exploration with remote-controlled robots and NASA's innovative FLOAT project. These developments promise to revolutionise how we explore and utilise the moon's resources.- Orionids Meteor Shower: Prepare for the spectacular Orionids meteor shower, with meteors originating from Halley's comet providing a stunning celestial display. Get tips for the best viewing experience from NASA's experts.- Space Force Mission: True Anomaly and Firefly Aerospace partner for a rapid response mission with the US Space Force, testing the ability to counter orbital threats on short notice.For more Space news, visit our website at astronomydaily.io. There, you can sign up for our free AstroDailyPod newsletter, catch up on all the latest Space and Astronomy news with our constantly updating newsfeed, and listen to all our previous episodes.Don't forget to follow us on social media. Just search for #AstroDailyPod on Facebook, X, YouTube, and TikTok.Thank you for tuning in. This is Steve signing off. Until next time, keep looking up and stay curious about the wonders of our universe.Sponsor Links:NordVPN - www.bitesz.com/nordvpn - currently Up to 74% off + 3 extra monthsOld Glory - www.bitesz.com/oldglory Sport and Entertainment Merch. Over 100,00 items in stockProton Mail - www.bitesz.com/protonmail Secure email that protects your privacyMalwarebytes - www.bitesz.com/malwarebytes Premium protection for you and all your devices!Become a supporter of this podcast: https://www.spreaker.com/podcast/astronomy-daily-the-podcast--5648921/support.

Astronomy Daily - The Podcast: S03E184Welcome to Astronomy Daily, your go-to source for the latest and most exciting developments in space and Astronomy. I'm your host, Anna, and today we are embarking on a cosmic journey that promises to expand our understanding of the universe.Highlights:- Giant Magellan Telescope Progress: Exciting advancements in the Giant Magellan Telescope project, set to become the world's largest telescope. The successful installation of its primary mirror into a support system prototype marks a crucial milestone. This mirror, with an area half the size of a basketball court, undergoes a six-month optical testing phase, promising 200 times the power of today's best telescopes.- SpaceX's National Security Contract: SpaceX secures a $733.6 million contract from the US Space Force for national security launches. This deal includes seven launches for the Space Development Agency and at least one mission for the National Reconnaissance Office, reinforcing SpaceX's pivotal role in space-based defense and intelligence capabilities.- Space Waste Management Innovation: Sierra Space plans to launch a trash compactor to the International Space Station in 2026, addressing the growing challenge of garbage disposal in space. This device transforms waste into compact tiles, potentially serving as radiation shielding, and extracts water for recycling, crucial for future moon or Mars missions. Affectionately known as Wall-E.- Interstellar Visitors from Alpha Centauri: New research suggests material ejected from the Alpha Centauri system might be reaching our solar system. This opens up possibilities for studying interstellar material, with a model indicating that a small fraction of expelled objects could be detected near Earth, revealing their origin from our stellar neighbors.- Skyrora's UK Launch Ambitions: Scottish space company Skyrora aims for a suborbital launch from British soil in spring 2025, overcoming regulatory delays. Using the Skylark L rocket, this mission is vital for de-risking their larger Skyrora XL rocket, highlighting the UK's growing role in the global space industry.- Orionid Meteor Shower: Stargazers, mark your calendars for the Orionid meteor shower in 2024. Despite challenges from moonlight interference, this event offers a chance to witness cosmic debris from Halley's comet. Best viewed in pre-dawn hours with patience and dark skies.For more space news, visit our website at astronomydaily.io. There, you can sign up for our free Daily newsletter, catch up on all the latest space and Astronomy news with our constantly updating newsfeed, and listen to all our previous episodes.Don't forget to follow us on social media. Just search for #AstroDailyPod on Facebook, X, YouTubeMusic, and TikTok.Thank you for tuning in. This is Anna signing off. Until next time, keep looking up and stay curious about the wonders of our universe.Sponsor Links:NordVPN - www.bitesz.com/nordvpn - currently Up to 74% off + 3 extra monthsOld Glory - www.bitesz.com/oldglory Sport and Entertainment Merch. Over 100,00 items in stockProton Mail - www.bitesz.com/protonmail Secure email that protects your privacyMalwarebytes - www.bitesz.com/malwarebytes Premium protection for you and all your devices!Become a supporter of this podcast: https://www.spreaker.com/podcast/astronomy-daily-the-podcast--5648921/support.