Pre-Loved Podcast with Emily Stochl

Pre-Loved Podcast is a weekly vintage fashion interview show, with guests you’ll want to go thrifting with! For more Pre-Loved Podcast, subscribe to our Patreon! On today’s show, we’re chatting with Melissa, you may know her online as Mel Wore It! Mel is a Toronto-based graphic designer and part time content creator, juggling her creative endeavors with the joys of motherhood.  She loves thrifting and shopping secondhand, and she unpacks the joys and journeys of her sustainable living practices online on TikTok and Instagram. On this episode, we chat a lot about the personal style journey, and what choosing secondhand has taught Mel about herself, plus some of the sustainability resolutions and practices she’s put in place to help her keep continuing to improve her shopping habits.  Really loved having this conversation, and I know you’re going to find it super interesting too, so let’s dive right in! DISCUSSED IN THE EPISODE: [3:38] How Mel’s love of pop culture and playing dress up influenced her interest in fashion growing up. [7:24] Mel’s journey with secondhand shopping really took off after her son was born. [11:50] On Mel’s personal style journey. [17:37] On slow and sustainable fashion resolutions and tracking the cost per wear of items in your closet. [27:12] Deciding when it’s the right time to let something go, and how that can make you feel. [30:46] Shopping for designer goods on Japanese eBay, and the best handbags she’s found. [34:38] Finding – and repairing! – a vintage Lady Di bag from the 90s. [37:02] Finding a faux Hermès bag in the thrift store, and the process of having it authenticated. EPISODE MENTIONS:  @melworeit (Instagram) @melworeit (TikTok) Avril Lavigne on SNL in 2003 @oldloserinbrooklyn Kate of @readwritethrift Kate on Pre-Loved Podcast Whering @christina.mychas For the Love of Luxury (authentication service) @estellemuzic on TikTok @albertarose Alberta Rose on Pre-Loved Podcast LET’S CONNECT:  📸Instagram: @emilymstochl 🐦Twitter: @emilymstochl 🎥TikTok: @emilymstochl 📧 Substack: https://prelovedpod.substack.com/  🎧Patreon: https://www.patreon.com/prelovedpod  SPECIAL THANKS:  A special thanks goes out to my Patron Insiders – your support makes Pre-Loved Podcast possible! Patty Weber Beverley Docherty of Wolfe Pack Vintage Danny of Galaxy Live Kathy Brand Lucero Buendia Tricia Zelazny Leslie V. Lisa of Queenie & Pearl Lucille of Galipette Vintage KT  Lydia Welp Anastacia Banicke of Goods & Provisions Michael A. Megan Morris

Pre-Loved Podcast is a weekly vintage fashion interview show, with guests you’ll want to go thrifting with! For more Pre-Loved Podcast, subscribe to our Patreon! On today’s show, we’re chatting with Meagan Svendsen, a Vintage Coach Bag Restorer & Collector. Meagan learned the love of vintage hunting and restoration from her mom who taught her every technique in the book. After losing her mom unexpectedly in 2021, and finding her first vintage Coach bag “in the wild” Meagan began collecting and restoring over 400 vintage Coach bags.  On this episode, we dive into the rich history of the Coach brand, including some background on Bonnie Cashin, the bags she designed, and the legacy that still holds today. Ultimately, Meagan loves vintage Coach because of the quality of the vintage leather, which is truly meant to last. As a restorer and collector, it’s her goal to breathe new life into vintage bags, and she shares some of her best tips and tricks. This episode is a really fun deep dive, so let’s get right into it! DISCUSSED IN THE EPISODE: [3:08] Meagan grew up antiquing, and restoring old things alongside her mother. [8:01] The history of the Coach brand, starting as a family-owned leather goods brand in the early 1960s. [9:53] The story of Bonnie Cashin, the original creative director for Coach in the 1960s, who brought the infamous turnlock to the brand. [16:25] Meagan’s goal with restoration: bring the bag back to its best condition, with the least invasive technique. [17:28] The story of some of the rarest Coach bags, like the United Airlines Coach stewardess bag, or the Coach Federal bag (rumored to be gifts from President Nixon, according to clippings from October 21, 1972 from The Indianapolis Star). [24:38] Prior to 1994, there’s a process of elimination of clues to date and name your Coach bag. After that time, the Coach creed utilizes an alpha-numerical system. [27:41] All about the different colors of Coach bags – some of the rare colors, and how color impacts your cleaning process. [31:47] A deep dive into leather handbag restoration. [42:43] Some of the most special stories of pieces in Meagan’s collection, like her 1966 ‘See Thru Shopping Bag’ and her Coach Crescent collection, in every known color!  EPISODE MENTIONS:  @vintagecoachrestore https://www.tiktok.com/@meagansvendsen Coach runway collections on Vogue Runway Bonnie Cashin and the Coach turnlock Bonnie Cashin for Coach - Hasp bag Bonnie Cashin interior lining The Coach United Airlines stewardess bag Coach Federal bag 1990s Coach Winnie - style #9023 Meagan’s LinkTree Vintage Coach catalogs 1960-2020 Rachel @vintagecoachie Website for dating 1960s-70s Coach (coming soon!) Coach: The Story of New York Cool book and trailer Leather CPR for moisturizing  Cleaning mold from your vintage leather goods - EC3 from Microbalance Meagan’s vintage Coach Courier bag that required a lot of rehab! Facebook group for Coach authentication Bonnie Cashin  ‘See Thru Shopping Bag’ from 1966 Meagan’s Coach Crescent collection in every known color, including one in white and navy that she never knew existed!  Maui Mood Swing Vintage LET’S CONNECT:  📸Instagram: @emilymstochl 🐦Twitter: @emilymstochl 🎥TikTok: @emilymstochl 📧 Substack: https://prelovedpod.substack.com/  🎧Patreon: https://www.patreon.com/prelovedpod  SPECIAL THANKS:  A special thanks goes out to my Patron Insiders – your support makes Pre-Loved Podcast possible! Patty Weber Beverley Docherty of Wolfe Pack Vintage Danny of Galaxy Live Kathy Brand Lucero Buendia Tricia Zelazny Leslie V. Lisa of Queenie & Pearl Lucille of Galipette Vintage KT  Lydia Welp Anastacia Banicke of Goods & Provisions Michael A.  

Pre-Loved Podcast is a weekly vintage fashion interview show, with guests you’ll want to go thrifting with! For more Pre-Loved Podcast, subscribe to our Patreon! On today’s show, we’re chatting with Marie Remy, who is the founder & owner of The French Workwear Company. Marie grew up in the 1970s and 80s in rural Eastern France, where her dad had a mechanic’s garage.  She always dreamed of moving to Paris, which she did as a student and soaked up all the indie music gigs, record stores, vintage fashion and flea markets every weekend. On this episode, Marie shares the stories that lead to her launching a French workwear vintage business, after several years in the music industry and settling in London. Like many of us, she first started selling her “surplus,” as she and her musician husband were both vintage lovers, but would continue to go back to France to source workwear, particularly the ‘bleus’ which were a quintessential part of her upbringing. Tune in for Marie’s fab stories, plus a fascinating amount of social and fashion history – this episode is a really fun deep dive, so let’s get right into it! DISCUSSED IN THE EPISODE: [4:01] Growing up as a teenager in rural France in the 1980s, loving indie music and vintage fashion. [5:37] On Marie’s first trip to Paris she saw Azzedine Alaïa while out and about. [7:12] Thrifting in Paris in the late 1980s at the Guerrisol. [11:33] On shopping at the iconic Parisian flea markets. [16:23] She first started selling her “surplus,” as she and her musician husband were both vintage lovers. [19:36] The history and aesthetics that drew Marie to vintage workwear. [39:53] French workwear is meant to last a long time, and some pieces have beautiful mending. [51:59] The pieces in her vintage collection that Marie finds especially unique.  EPISODE MENTIONS:  @frenchworkwearco The French Workwear Company The Face magazine Black Spot on Netflix Yves Klein Blue or 1920s Bugatti blue car @little_moth_mends @the_elephant_in_my_wardrobe @stewarteaston Thomas Turner - fashion historian @fash_rev LET’S CONNECT:  📸Instagram: @emilymstochl 🐦Twitter: @emilymstochl 🎥TikTok: @emilymstochl 📧 Substack: https://prelovedpod.substack.com/  🎧Patreon: https://www.patreon.com/prelovedpod  SPECIAL THANKS:  A special thanks goes out to my Patron Insiders – your support makes Pre-Loved Podcast possible! Patty Weber Beverley Docherty of Wolfe Pack Vintage Danny of Galaxy Live Kathy Brand Lucero Buendia Tricia Zelazny Leslie V. Lisa of Queenie & Pearl Lucille of Galipette Vintage KT  Lydia Welp Anastacia Banicke of Goods & Provisions Michael A.  

Pre-Loved Podcast is a weekly vintage fashion interview show, with guests you’ll want to go thrifting with! For more Pre-Loved Podcast, subscribe to our Patreon! On today’s show, we’re chatting with Nik Pollina is a vintage business owner and content creator living in NYC.  She started her career in tech and created content on her career journey helping 100s of women land jobs in the tech field. When she was laid off in 2023, Nik felt a calling to pursue something more creative. Since then, she has opened her own secondhand and vintage store  called Seven Moods.  We chat about experiential shopping, some favorite vintage spots in New York City, and much much more! It’s a really fun episode today, so let’s dive right in!  DISCUSSED IN THE EPISODE: [6:11] On how thrifting and creativity was something Nik was encouraged to express growing up. [12:10] Nik’s journey to starting a vintage business after leaving her tech career. [17:35] The paths to scaling a vintage business. [21:34] Pinch me moments, like a stylist pull for Bella Hadid. [22:41] What Nik has learned about the shopping experience from exploring hundreds of NYC vintage shops. [26:19] A shift toward experiential shopping that facilitates unique personal style. EPISODE MENTIONS:  @nikpollina Nik’s newsletter A Creative Act by Rick Rubin Funny Pretty Nice @nataliaspotts @leandramcohen @chanelmckinsie @simply.siena Desert Stars Vintage The Niche Shop Nichole from the Niche Shop on Pre-Loved Podcast Regeneration Cafe Forgot @madalynnewell Kayla Trivieri of the Mob Wife trend The Manhattan Vintage Show Changing Room Thoughts @karinachan @pigmamiii LET’S CONNECT:  📸Instagram: @emilymstochl 🐦Twitter: @emilymstochl 🎥TikTok: @emilymstochl 📧 Substack: https://prelovedpod.substack.com/  🎧Patreon: https://www.patreon.com/prelovedpod  SPECIAL THANKS:  A special thanks goes out to my Patron Insiders – your support makes Pre-Loved Podcast possible! Patty Weber Beverley Docherty of Wolfe Pack Vintage Danny of Galaxy Live Kathy Brand Lucero Buendia Tricia Zelazny Leslie V. Lisa of Queenie & Pearl Lucille of Galipette Vintage KT  Lydia Welp Anastacia Banicke of Goods & Provisions Michael A.

Pre-Loved Podcast is a weekly vintage fashion interview show, with guests you’ll want to go thrifting with! For more Pre-Loved Podcast, subscribe to our Patreon! On today’s show, we’re chatting with Viv Chen, a California-based fashion writer and stylist.  She is the founder of The Molehill, a top-ranked Substack fashion newsletter which covers fashion commentary, TV/movie costume analysis and curated secondhand finds. Her keen fashion insights and expert product recommendations that have been highlighted in The Strategist, The New York Times and Coveteur. On today’s show we chat about everything from how she launched her fashion writing career, to her escapades on Japanese eBay –it’s a really fun episode today, so let’s dive right in!  DISCUSSED IN THE EPISODE: [2:55] Early style influences like Tumblr, and the vintage shops on Telegraph Avenue.  [8:52] Experimenting with indie personal style aesthetics as a teen. [13:59] Starting her Substack, the Molehill, and launching her fashion writing career. [26:56] How to navigate the world of “trends” and “aesthetics” in the secondhand and sustainable fashion space.  [37:32] The personal styling trend to try to find adjectives, or language, to describe your style.  [40:53] Online secondhand shopping stories, including on Japanese eBay. EPISODE MENTIONS:  @vivthemole The Molehill (Substack) Pre-Loved Podcast with Crossroad Trading’s first employee The “mob wife” aesthetic The “bow tax” according to The Cut Gem - a search tool to find secondhand clothing online Liisa Jokinen, founder of Gem, on Pre-Loved Podcast Miu Miu 1999 Lauren Manoogian knitwear Suzusan knitwear @yosoymadeline LET’S CONNECT:  📸Instagram: @emilymstochl 🐦Twitter: @emilymstochl 🎥TikTok: @emilymstochl 📧 Substack: https://prelovedpod.substack.com/  🎧Patreon: https://www.patreon.com/prelovedpod  SPECIAL THANKS:  A special thanks goes out to my Patron Insiders – your support makes Pre-Loved Podcast possible! Patty Weber Beverley Docherty of Wolfe Pack Vintage Danny of Galaxy Live Kathy Brand Lucero Buendia Tricia Zelazny Leslie V. Lisa of Queenie & Pearl Lucille of Galipette Vintage KT  Lydia Welp Anastacia Banicke of Goods & Provisions Michael A.  

Pre-Loved Podcast is a weekly vintage fashion interview show, with guests you’ll want to go thrifting with! For more Pre-Loved Podcast, subscribe to our Patreon! On today’s show, we’re chatting with Dominik Halas, the Master Authenticator of Vintage for the RealReal. Dominik has been collecting, renting and reselling designer archive collections— primarily Helmut Lang, Yohji Yamamoto and the early work of Hedi Slimane— for over a decade. He now lends his vintage and archival expertise to The RealReal’s New York office, and his work at The RealReal and vintage expertise was featured in The New York Times at the end of 2022. Now, I mentioned Manhattan Vintage, which if you're not familiar is a vintage wonderland convening 90+ dealers featuring collections from every era, style, and it’s a true New York City spectacle.  This February Show kicks of a partnership between the RealReal and Manhattan Vintage, and you heard it here first on Pre-Loved Podcast.  I’ll link an episode in the shownotes that I did with the Manhattan Vintage co-owner, Amy Abrams, who – as you’re listening to this today (January 29) actually has a ‘Tastemaker Edit’ launching on therealreal.com of her favorite rare vintage items. Additionally, The RealReal will present a curated selection from its newly launched Rare Finds category at the Winter Show, offering shoppers an array of its most storied and often one-of-a-kind vintage pieces. Tune in to get a sneak preview of some of the incredibly rare pieces that will be at the show this weekend.  It’s a really fun episode today, so let’s dive right in!  DISCUSSED IN THE EPISODE: [3:26] Growing up in then Czechoslovakia, Dominik discovered an early love for fashion.  [8:41] Dominik started collecting via Japanese reseller forums. [10:11] His journey to the RealReal. [16:03] Working on the 20,000+ piece vintage collection of Keni Valenti. [18:21] The RealReal is partnering with the Manhattan Vintage winter show, brining some of their most storied and one-of-a-kind pieces from their Rare Finds collection. [23:02] Vintage has grown to the point where there are now trends in vintage.  [25:27] Dominik’s personal fashion archive, featuring a lot of Helmut Lang, Yohji Yamamoto and the early work of Hedi Slimane. [29:46] The wildest length’s Dominik has gone to for a piece for his collection. [31:20] An exclusive preview at the Rare Finds that will be at Manhattan Vintage. EPISODE MENTIONS:  The RealReal @dominikhalas “He Helps the RealReal Keep It Real” from the NYTimes Manhattan Vintage @thevintageshow Pre-Loved Podcast with Amy Abrams Walk Your Values: a NYFW Vintage Runway Show 2007 Hedi Slimane Keni Valenti Johnny Petrizino (@johnnypet and @parlourhairstudio) Alessandra Canario on Pre-Loved Podcast @allybirdvintage Bill Cunningham New York Yohji Yamamoto SS97 Yves Saint Laurent Rive Gauche by Hedi Slimane (1997-2000) The Alexander McQueen hair label LET’S CONNECT:  📸Instagram: @emilymstochl 🐦Twitter: @emilymstochl 🎥TikTok: @emilymstochl 📧 Substack: https://prelovedpod.substack.com/  🎧Patreon: https://www.patreon.com/prelovedpod  SPECIAL THANKS:  A special thanks goes out to my Patron Insiders – your support makes Pre-Loved Podcast possible! Patty Weber Beverley Docherty of Wolfe Pack Vintage Danny of Galaxy Live Kathy Brand Lucero Buendia Tricia Zelazny Leslie V. Lisa of Queenie & Pearl Lucille of Galipette Vintage KT  Lydia Welp Anastacia Banicke of Goods & Provisions Michael A.

Pre-Loved Podcast is a weekly vintage fashion interview show, with guests you’ll want to go thrifting with! For more Pre-Loved Podcast, subscribe to our Patreon! On today’s show, we’re talking with the co-founders of Indianaweg in Amsterdam, two sisters named Romy and Débra. These two have a big love for vintage treasure, and curated a lovely selection of vintage clothing, jewelry and more. They believe that nothing is more beautiful and sustainable than vintage, and I couldn’t agree more – and it’s their mission to bring people timeless, high quality pieces, which already exist.  I visited their beautiful shops while recently in Amsterdam, and have to say their curation is incredible and Indianaweg is the place to find unique beautiful pieces there. This is a really fun episode today, so let’s dive right in!  DISCUSSED IN THE EPISODE: [4:13] How Romy and Débra got interested in vintage fashion, after they moved back to Amsterdam during young adulthood. [5:44] On the vintage scene in Amsterdam. [8:09] From starting an early-era fashion blog to opening a vintage shop. [16:16] How to train your eye when you’re digging through bulk clothing wholesale. [19:23] Some of their vintage specialities: Indian cotton dresses, mohair sweaters, and Laura Ashley prints. [22:55] On high quality vintage knitwear. [26:39] How fashion brands pull inspiration from vintage designs. [39:21] Romy and Débra chat personal style, and their vintage collections. EPISODE MENTIONS:  Indianaweg @indianaweg Lauda Dols Vintage Episode BODE LET’S CONNECT:  📸Instagram: @emilymstochl 🐦Twitter: @emilymstochl 🎥TikTok: @emilymstochl 📧 Substack: https://prelovedpod.substack.com/  🎧Patreon: https://www.patreon.com/prelovedpod  SPECIAL THANKS:  A special thanks goes out to my Patron Insiders – your support makes Pre-Loved Podcast possible! Patty Weber Beverley Docherty of Wolfe Pack Vintage Danny of Galaxy Live Kathy Brand Lucero Buendia Tricia Zelazny Leslie V. Lisa of Queenie & Pearl Lucille of Galipette Vintage KT  Lydia Welp Anastacia Banicke of Goods & Provisions  

Pre-Loved Podcast is a weekly vintage fashion interview show, with guests you’ll want to go thrifting with! For more Pre-Loved Podcast, subscribe to our Patreon! On today’s show, we’re talking with the co-founders of Coblrshop, an online and on-demand, mail-in leather and shoe repair service. Co-founders Emily and Leslie have always loved vintage and secondhand, and believed in taking care of your clothes to make them last as long as they possibly can.  That said, they felt like the market for repairing an caring for shoes could be modernized to make it a friendlier and more common practice for the average shopper. So they founded Coblrshop, and you’ll get to hear the whole story on today’s show, plus their expert advice on all things shoe and leather care! DISCUSSED IN THE EPISODE: [6:52] The entrepreneurial journey that led Leslie and Emily to found Coblrshop. [8:15] The importance of having a cobbler to repair your shoes and handbags. [12:25] In 1930, there were 100,000+ cobblers in the US, and now there are fewer than 4,000 of these businesses. [16:39] 40% of pre-loved items that are resold need some element of care or repair.  [20:19] The trouble with fast fashion shoes, and why they don’t last.  [24:09] Why the cobbler industry needs modernizing. [32:13] How to determine if a leather shoe is high-quality.  EPISODE MENTIONS:  Coblrshop @coblrshop The decline of the cobbler industry in the US Pre-Loved Podcast with A Thrifted Wardrobe, a mender @sophiestraussstyling LET’S CONNECT:  📸Instagram: @emilymstochl 🐦Twitter: @emilymstochl 🎥TikTok: @emilymstochl 📧 Substack: https://prelovedpod.substack.com/  🎧Patreon: https://www.patreon.com/prelovedpod  SPECIAL THANKS:  A special thanks goes out to my Patron Insiders – your support makes Pre-Loved Podcast possible! Patty Weber Beverley Docherty of Wolfe Pack Vintage Danny of Galaxy Live Kathy Brand Lucero Buendia Tricia Zelazny Leslie V. Lisa of Queenie & Pearl Lucille of Galipette Vintage KT  Lydia Welp Anastacia Banicke of Goods & Provisions

Pre-Loved Podcast is a weekly vintage fashion interview show, with guests you’ll want to go thrifting with! For more Pre-Loved Podcast, subscribe to our Patreon! On today’s show, we’re talking with Alberta Rose, a personal stylist, content creator, and serial outfit repeater taking style personally and sharing sustainable + attainable tips. In this episode, we learn about her career and personal style journey, and we chat about her most essential style exercises, what attainable sustainable style really means, and how secondhand shopping has informed her sense of style.  It’s a really fun one, so let’s dive right in!  DISCUSSED IN THE EPISODE: [3:15] Her style influences growing up: a mix of Gossip Girl and indie sleaze. [6:58] How shopping secondhand helps improve your sense of personal style. [15:05] Alberta’s fashion career journey. [25:10] On sustainable and attainable style.  [33:30] Mastering a wardrobe color palette. [41:14] On personal style themes. [57:01] Her style wish list, and how she plans to track them down secondhand.  [59:18] Top tips for vintage knitwear. EPISODE MENTIONS:  @alberta.rose on TikTok @albertarose Alberta’s personal style themes video @arbela.elena Pre-Loved Podcast with Arbela @dahanadcr @jocelynruiiiiz @trouserlady LET’S CONNECT:  📸Instagram: @emilymstochl 🐦Twitter: @emilymstochl 🎥TikTok: @emilymstochl 📧 Substack: https://prelovedpod.substack.com/  🎧Patreon: https://www.patreon.com/prelovedpod  SPECIAL THANKS:  A special thanks goes out to my Patron Insiders – your support makes Pre-Loved Podcast possible! Patty Weber Beverley Docherty of Wolfe Pack Vintage Danny of Galaxy Live Kathy Brand Lucero Buendia Tricia Zelazny Leslie V. Lisa of Queenie & Pearl Lucille of Galipette Vintage KT  Lydia Welp Anastacia Banicke of Goods & Provisions  

Pre-Loved Podcast is a weekly vintage fashion interview show, with guests you’ll want to go thrifting with! For more Pre-Loved Podcast, subscribe to our Patreon! On today’s show, we’re talking Poshmark with Chloe Baffert, the Head of Merchandising at Poshmark. Poshmark – as I’m sure you know! – is a secondhand marketplace where users can shop and sell secondhand pieces for women, men, kids, pets, home goods, electronics, and more! Chloe has lots of experience in fashion eCommerce, site merchandising, and trend forecasting, and she gives us the scoop on all things Poshmark today!  Plus, this episode is coming out right before Secondhand Sunday, the Sunday after Thanksgiving in the US on November 26th, which is a day to promote secondhand gifting, and we talk about secondhand gifting on the show today, including some on-air gift guide advice from us! I think secondhand gifting is a great way to go – and it turns out, so do LOTS of others. We chat about all this and more on today’s show.  So let’s dive right in!  DISCUSSED IN THE EPISODE: [2:00] Chloe’s early style inspirations, from Edie Sedgwick to ballet dancers at Lincoln Center to the street style in New York. [7:58] A quick history of Poshmark, now a household name for secondhand shoppers. [14:28] How trend forecasting plays out at a secondhand marketplace like Poshmark. [17:27] How Chloe shops on Poshmark like a pro.  [24:18] Secondhand Sunday: the Sunday after Thanksgiving in the US on November 26th – focused on supporting secondhand sellers and secondhand gifting! [25:45] On-air secondhand gift guide ideas! [32:17] On personal style, and favorite pieces. EPISODE MENTIONS:  Poshmark @poshmark @chloebaffert Poshmark’s 2023 Holiday Trend Report @acurrentaffair @girlsoclock  LET’S CONNECT:  📸Instagram: @emilymstochl 🐦Twitter: @emilymstochl 🎥TikTok: @emilymstochl 📧 Substack: https://prelovedpod.substack.com/  🎧Patreon: https://www.patreon.com/prelovedpod  SPECIAL THANKS:  A special thanks goes out to my Patron Insiders – your support makes Pre-Loved Podcast possible! Patty Weber Beverley Docherty of Wolfe Pack Vintage Danny of Galaxy Live Kathy Brand Lucero Buendia Tricia Zelazny Leslie V. Lisa of Queenie & Pearl Lucille of Galipette Vintage KT  Lydia Welp Anastacia Banicke of Goods & Provisions