Psychiatry Boot Camp

Psychiatry stands at the threshold of one of its greatest disruptions,  the rise of artificial intelligence. In this episode, Dr. Mark Mullen speaks with Dr. Allen Frances, Professor Emeritus and former Chair of Psychiatry at Duke University and Chair of the DSM-IV Task Force, about the clinical, ethical, and societal implications of AI’s rapid entry into mental health care. Drawing from his recent paper in the British Journal of Psychiatry (August 2025), Dr. Frances explores how psychotherapy chatbots have already become the world’s most widely used form of therapy, often beneficial for mild distress but profoundly dangerous for severe mental illness. The discussion examines where chatbots outperform human therapists, where they fail catastrophically, and how clinicians can adapt their practices in anticipation of hybrid human-AI models. Dr. Frances also warns of broader threats, privacy loss, manipulation, and the potential use of AI for political or psychological control This conversation challenges clinicians to approach AI with both curiosity and caution, recognizing its utility while defending the irreplaceable humanity of psychiatric care. Takeaways: AI in psychiatry is no longer hypothetical. Over one billion people now engage with chatbots for therapy or companionship, exceeding all human clinicians combined. Clinical utility is bifurcated. AI can enhance care for mild distress but poses major risks for psychosis, suicidality, and eating disorders. Validation over truth. Chatbots are programmed to please users, not challenge delusions,  amplifying psychosis, mania, and self-harm behaviors. Privacy and ethics lag behind innovation. Conversations with chatbots may not be confidential, raising serious HIPAA and legal concerns. Hybrid models are inevitable. Future psychiatrists must integrate AI tools safely, focus on severely ill populations, and preserve the relational aspects machines can’t replicate. References: AI Chatbots: The Good, the Bad, and the Ugly (Frances' column in Psychiatric Times): https://www.psychiatrictimes.com/series/ai-chatbots-the-good-the-bad-and-the-ugly Warning: AI Chatbots will soon dominate psychotherapy (Frances' feature in the British Journal of Psychiatry): https://www.cambridge.org/core/services/aop-cambridge-core/content/view/DBE883D1E089006DFD07D0E09A2D1FB3/S0007125025103802a.pdf/warning_ai_chatbots_will_soon_dominate_psychotherapy.pdf SUPPORT OUR PARTNERS: ⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠SimplePractice.com/bootcamp⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠ (Now with AI documentation! Exclusive 7 day free trial and 50% off four months) ⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠Beat the Boards⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠ Boot camp listeners now get FREE access to over 4400 exam-style questions) Go to Cozy Earth now for a Buy One Get One Free Pajama Offer from 1/25-2/8! Yes, go to cozyearth.com they are doing a BOGO pajama promo. Just use my Code: BOOTCAMPBOGO Learn more and get transcripts for EVERY episode at https://www.psychiatrybootcamp.com/ For Sales Inquiries & Ad Rates, Please Contact:⁠⁠⁠⁠Sales@Human-Content.Com⁠⁠⁠⁠ Connect with HumanContent on Socials: @humancontentpods Produced by: ⁠⁠⁠⁠Human Content⁠⁠ Learn more about your ad choices. Visit megaphone.fm/adchoices

Welcome to Season 4! Join Dr. Mark Mullen and expert guests as we explore AI in psychotherapy, emerging treatments, and the ethical, clinical questions reshaping psychiatric care, and MUCH more. To share topic ideas, ask questions, and get more of the pod, visit psychiatrybootcamp.com Learn more about your ad choices. Visit megaphone.fm/adchoices

Dr. Nicholas Kontos, Director of the Consultation-Liaison Psychiatry Fellowship at Massachusetts General Hospital and Harvard Medical School assistant professor, dives deep into the complexities of factitious disorders and malingering. He explores patient motivations for deception, emphasizing the importance of compassion in psychiatry. The conversation includes practical interviewing techniques, the nuances of the therapeutic discharge, and the ethical responsibilities of clinicians. Kontos highlights the balance of professionalism and dignity when navigating deceptive behaviors in healthcare.

Dr. Caitlin Adams, a psychiatrist at Massachusetts General Hospital, specializes in functional neurological disorders (FND). She breaks down the complexities of FND and debunks misconceptions about voluntary control over symptoms like functional weakness. Dr. Adams emphasizes the importance of effective communication and reducing stigma in treatment. The discussion includes key diagnostic signs, the biopsychosocial model, and therapeutic strategies such as cognitive behavioral therapy and specialized physical therapy, all aimed at enhancing patient engagement and recovery.

Dr. Christina Wichman, a Professor of Psychiatry and Obstetrics & Gynecology, shares her expertise in reproductive psychiatry. She discusses the unique challenges of treating mental health during pregnancy and postpartum, emphasizing the need for compassion and validated screening tools. The conversation explores various perinatal mood disorders, medication management, and the innovative Periscope Project aimed at improving access to care. Dr. Wichman also highlights the importance of preconception planning and navigating the balance between maternal and child health.

In this insightful discussion, Dr. Anne O'Melia, Chief Clinical Officer at ERC Pathlight, and Dr. Patricia Westmoreland, forensic psychiatry expert, explore the complexities of eating disorders. They address how to identify when disordered eating requires clinical attention, detailing anorexia, bulimia, and ARFID. The conversation covers prevalence rates, high-risk populations, and emphasizes the urgent need for compassionate care and empathy in treatment. Listeners gain valuable insights into navigating levels of care and the critical role of building therapeutic alliances.

In this episode, I sit down with Dr. Mira Zein, clinical associate professor at Stanford and co-author of the APA Resource Document on Decisional Capacity Determinations, to break down one of the most frequent and misunderstood consults in psychiatry.We go deep into the Appelbaum–Grisso criteria and discuss how they apply to real-world cases where the answer isn’t always clear. Dr. Zein walks us through difficult scenarios, from life-saving refusals to medically complex delirium cases, highlighting how to think, document, and communicate clearly when capacity is in question. This episode will help you shine on rounds, guide your primary team through their own assessments, and remind you that capacity isn’t about saying “yes” or “no”, it’s about respecting autonomy while protecting patients at their most vulnerable. Takeaways: Capacity is decision-specific and time-specific. It’s not a global judgment, and it can fluctuate with illness, treatment, or environment.The Appelbaum–Grisso framework defines the process. Every evaluation should include communication, understanding, appreciation, and reasoning.Primary teams can and should do their own assessments. Psychiatrists are consultants, not gatekeepers; the best work happens through collaboration.Delirium, dementia, and psychosis are common culprits. Each affects different aspects of capacity, requiring tailored interventions and re-evaluation.Documentation is key. Define the specific decision, describe your assessment of each criterion, and explain your reasoning clearly for the record. Key resources: 1) APA Resource Document on Decisional Capacity Determinations in Consultation-Liaison Psychiatry: A Guide for the General Psychiatrist (2019) 2) Seminal Article on Appelbaum-Grisso Criteria (Appelbaum 1988) 3) Evaluating Capacity: Appelbaum’s Framework Interpreted Diagrammatically (Bari 2023) SUPPORT OUR PARTNERS: ⁠⁠⁠⁠SimplePractice.com/bootcamp⁠⁠⁠⁠ (Now with AI documentation! Exclusive 7 day free trial and 50% off four months) ⁠⁠⁠⁠Beat the Boards⁠⁠⁠⁠ Boot camp listeners now get FREE access to over 4400 exam-style questions) Learn more and get transcripts for EVERY episode at https://www.psychiatrybootcamp.com/ For Sales Inquiries & Ad Rates, Please Contact:⁠⁠⁠Sales@Human-Content.Com⁠⁠⁠ Connect with HumanContent on Socials: @humancontentpods Produced by: ⁠⁠⁠Human Content⁠⁠ Learn more about your ad choices. Visit megaphone.fm/adchoices

Organ transplantation isn’t just a medical miracle, it’s a psychological marathon. In this episode, I talk with Dr. Paula Zimbrean, Yale psychiatrist and pioneer in Transplant Psychiatry, about what really happens when mind and medicine intersect at the edge of life and death. We walk through the evolution of psychiatry’s role on transplant teams,  from risk gatekeeping to long-term integration, and explore what pre-transplant evaluations truly aim to uncover. Dr. Zimbrean shares how to assess risk, capacity, and motivation in patients preparing for transplant, and what it means to treat not just the organ recipient, but their family and support system as well. We also discuss the unseen emotional toll of the transplant journey, from steroid-induced mood changes to post-traumatic stress symptoms, and why empathy is as vital as immunosuppression. Takeaways: Transplant psychiatry has evolved. It began with managing post-op delirium and psychosis, but now focuses on enhancing long-term outcomes through integrated psychiatric care.Pre-transplant evaluations go beyond “yes” or “no.” They assess diagnosis, prognosis, capacity, adherence potential, and the patient’s understanding of lifelong treatment demands.Psychiatrists aren’t gatekeepers, they’re collaborators. The goal is to identify modifiable risks, optimize mental health, and align medical decisions with patient values.The journey is psychologically intense. From waiting list uncertainty to post-op PTSD and steroid-induced mood shifts, every stage requires active psychiatric support.The future is integration. As patients live longer post-transplant, psychiatry’s role will increasingly involve ongoing care, research, and improving quality of life beyond survival. Selected references: Transplant Psychiatry: A Case-Based Approach to Clinical Challenges Transplant Psychiatry: An Introduction SUPPORT OUR PARTNERS: ⁠⁠⁠⁠SimplePractice.com/bootcamp⁠⁠⁠⁠ (Now with AI documentation! Exclusive 7 day free trial and 50% off four months) ⁠⁠⁠⁠Beat the Boards⁠⁠⁠⁠ Boot camp listeners now get FREE access to over 4400 exam-style questions) Learn more and get transcripts for EVERY episode at https://www.psychiatrybootcamp.com/ For Sales Inquiries & Ad Rates, Please Contact:⁠⁠⁠Sales@Human-Content.Com⁠⁠⁠ Connect with HumanContent on Socials: @humancontentpods Produced by: ⁠⁠⁠Human Content⁠⁠ Learn more about your ad choices. Visit megaphone.fm/adchoices

Tyler Black, a child and adolescent psychiatrist at the University of British Columbia, dives into the critical topic of suicide risk assessment. He debunks common myths and emphasizes the necessity of empathetic communication during evaluations. The discussion highlights the emotional burden felt by both patients and healthcare providers. Black categorizes suicidal motivations using a sociological framework and stresses the importance of tailored interventions. He also navigates the complexities of patient autonomy versus safety in mental health care.

In this episode, I talk with Dr. George Grossberg, a pioneer in geriatric psychiatry, about the neuropsychiatric symptoms of dementia and what they look like, why they happen, and how to approach them with empathy and strategy. We walk through the most common behavioral disturbances in dementia, including apathy, depression, psychosis, and agitation. Dr. Grossberg shares how to think through these cases, when to reach for medication, when to hold back, and how to anchor every decision in an understanding of who the patient truly is. Takeaways: Neuropsychiatric symptoms are nearly universal in dementia. Expect them, don’t be surprised by them.Apathy and depression aren’t the same. Treating apathy like depression often fails; gentle engagement works better than antidepressants.Start with environment and empathy. Music, structure, exercise, and caregiver education should come before medication.Use medication sparingly and strategically. When needed, match the drug to the symptom, and always reassess risk versus relief.Knowing the person changes everything. Understanding a patient’s history, preferences, and rhythms is as therapeutic as any pharmacologic plan. Selected References: ⁠Progress in Pharmacologic Management of Neuropsychiatric Syndromes in Neurodegenerative Disorders: A Review (Cummings 2024) Neuropsychiatric Symptoms of Dementia and their nonpharmacological and pharmacological management (Tampi 2022)⁠ Management of BPSD Algorithm (Chen with Osser 2021)⁠ Atypical Antipsychotics for Aggression and Psychosis in Alzheimer's disease (Ballard 2006) Efficacy and Adverse Effects of Atypical Antipsychotics for Dementia (Schneider 2006) Sequential Drug Treatment Algorithm for Agitation and Aggression in Alzheimer's and Mixed Dementia (Davies 2018) SUPPORT OUR PARTNERS: ⁠⁠⁠⁠SimplePractice.com/bootcamp⁠⁠⁠⁠ (Now with AI documentation! Exclusive 7 day free trial and 50% off four months) ⁠⁠⁠⁠Beat the Boards⁠⁠⁠⁠ Boot camp listeners now get FREE access to over 4400 exam-style questions) Learn more and get transcripts for EVERY episode at https://www.psychiatrybootcamp.com/ For Sales Inquiries & Ad Rates, Please Contact:⁠⁠⁠Sales@Human-Content.Com⁠⁠⁠ Connect with HumanContent on Socials: @humancontentpods Produced by: ⁠⁠⁠Human Content⁠⁠ Learn more about your ad choices. Visit megaphone.fm/adchoices