Prof Alan Melcher from the Institute of Cancer Research discusses the promise of personalised cancer vaccines targeting glioblastomas and melanoma. They explore how mRNA vaccines reprogram the immune system to target specific cancer antigens, potentially revolutionizing cancer treatment by stimulating the immune system for preventative strategies and early detection in immunotherapy.

Karen McVeigh, Guardian Seascapes reporter, discusses plastic pollution in the Galápagos Islands and the global treaty negotiations to tackle the issue. The podcast explores the challenges of cleaning up plastic waste on remote islands, the risks of plastic production, and the slow progress in addressing the pervasive problem of plastic pollution.

Dr Ed Hutchinson, Virologist at Glasgow University, discusses the unexpected emergence of bird flu in Texas cattle, the risks of cross-species transmission to humans, challenges in tracking mutations, and the importance of preparedness for a potential flu pandemic.

Dr. Eleanor Raffan discusses genetic factors behind dog behavior with a focus on Labradors and obesity. The podcast explores the POMC gene mutation's impact on food-seeking behavior in dogs and draws parallels between animal and human obesity. It also delves into the role of genetics in determining body weight and the importance of creating supportive environments for healthier choices.

Chief sports writer Barney Ronay discusses the controversial Enhanced Games, where athletes are allowed to dope in a new competition challenging the Olympics. They explore the origins and implications of this anti-establishment event, along with the types of banned substances involved. Dr. Peter Angell sheds light on the potential effects of these substances on athletes' bodies.

Guardian biodiversity reporter Phoebe Weston discusses the decline of the marsh tit population with ecologist Richard Broughton in Cambridgeshire, highlighting the importance of bioacoustics. Bernie Krause advocates listening to nature to understand our impact on the planet, showcasing the disappearing soundscape of a park near San Francisco.

European court rules in favor of senior Swiss women challenging inadequate climate policies, setting precedent for future climate activism. Discussion on implications of court verdicts on climate litigation, highlighting hope and uncertainty among plaintiffs. Exploring the violation of fundamental rights in climate policy and its global implications. Introduction to 'Invertebrate of the Year' competition and podcast recommendations featuring industry leaders.

Remembering physicist Peter Higgs, the Nobel prize-winning British physicist known for the Higgs boson particle. The podcast reflects on Higgs's life and legacy, discusses the significance of the Higgs boson discovery, and explores his humble genius and contributions to particle physics.

Solar scientist Huw Morgan and biologist Adam Hartstone-Rose discuss studying solar mysteries and animal behaviors during a total eclipse. Topics include observing the sun's corona, unique animal reactions, and insights gained from studying unusual behaviors like anxious giraffes and active tortoises.

Psychologist Chris French discusses the psychology behind paranormal beliefs and conspiracy theories, exploring cognitive biases and evolutionary factors influencing our attraction to supernatural phenomena. The conversation delves into the challenges of changing minds, navigating skepticism, and engaging with believers in debates.