The Sound of Economics

Join Jeromin Zettelmeyer, Director of Bruegel, Simone Tagliapietra, Senior Fellow focusing on energy policy, and Reinhilde Veugelers, innovation expert, as they tackle Europe's identity crisis. They dive into how Europe can support Ukraine, the challenges of the Green Deal, and the need for strategic autonomy. The trio discusses the transformative impact of AI on scientific research and the importance of collaboration between France and Germany for future reforms. With the EU at a crossroads, can it emerge as a leader by 2025?

In this episode of The Sound of Economics, host Rebecca Christie is joined by Professor Amita Batra, of Jawaharlal Nehru University's Centre for South Asian Studies, and Bruegel Senior Fellow Ignacio Garcia Bercero to discuss the European Union-India trade relationship and its potential. What scope is there for a free trade agreement, particularly regarding tricky sectors like steel and automotive manufacturing? How will Europe’s new Carbon Border Adjustment Mechanism affect the dynamic? Is there room for closer cooperation given the geopolitical pressures posed by the United States and China? Working together, India’s growth and the EU’s trade experience have the potential to find more common ground, if political obstacles can be overcome. Related research:  Batra, A. (2022) India’s Trade Policy in the 21st Century, Routledge García-Bercero, I. and A. Sapir (2025) ‘The time is right to make a European Union-India trade deal happen’, Policy Brief 19/2025, Bruegel

In this episode of The Sound of Economics, Yuyun Zhan sits down with Alicia García-Herrero and Marc Hijink to examine the Nexperia case – the Dutch semiconductor firm owned by China’s Wingtech – and how it became a flashpoint in Europe’s evolving relationship with China. We unpack how corporate governance disputes, US export controls, Chinese industrial policy and Europe’s growing focus on tech sovereignty collided in a single, high-stakes conflict. This episode is part of the ZhōngHuá Mundus series of The Sound of Economics. ZhōngHuá Mundus is a newsletter by Bruegel, bringing you monthly analysis of China in the world, as seen from Europe. Sign up now to receive it in your mailbox!

In this episode of The Sound of Economics, host Rebecca Christie discusses Ukraine peace talks with Bruegel’s Guntram Wolff and Nicolas Véron, and how the EU can manage the high-stakes standoff between Kyiv, Moscow and Washington. Over the past week, proposals from both sides of the Atlantic have jumpstarted efforts to find a way to stop the fighting. The EU is also locked in an internal debate over how to leverage Russia’s frozen cash to help Ukraine, a debate that affects the euro’s global reputation as well as the current budget. Bruegel’s experts take on the debate and gauge its chances for moving forward or petering out. Related research: Charles Lichfield & Nicolas Véron, An EU reparations loan is the right way to help Ukraine, Bruegel First Glance, 14 October 2025 Mejino-López, J. and G. Wolff (2025) ‘Europe’s dependence on US foreign military sales and what to do about it’ Policy Brief 27/2025, Bruegel

Join Georg Zachmann, a Bruegel economist focused on energy transition, and Jos Delbeke, former Director General of the European Commission's climate division, as they explore innovative solutions for carbon credits. Zachmann proposes using EU targets to create a global carbon buyers club, while Delbeke emphasizes enhancing the EU Emissions Trading System without direct foreign credits. They discuss the governance challenges, the role of the private sector in maintaining reputation, and advocate for proactive European leadership in global climate efforts.

Alexandra Jour-Schroeder, Deputy Director General at the European Commission's DG FISMA, and Silvia Merler, a Bruegel fellow specializing in sustainable finance, dive into essential themes around financial literacy and investment in the EU. They address the importance of trust in banks and the need for a holistic approach to financial education. The duo discusses innovative proposals like an easy-to-open EU savings account and plans for national ambassadors to champion financial literacy, tackling market fragmentation along the way.

In this insightful discussion, Anna Gifty Opoku-Agyeman, an economist and author of The Double Tax, teams up with Marie-Sophie Lappe, a researcher focused on wealth trends in Europe. They explore the concept of the double tax — the compounded costs of racism and sexism that impact women, especially women of color. The duo highlights how these economic inequalities stifle overall growth, discusses the gender wealth gap in savings and pensions, and emphasizes how policies supporting Black women can benefit society at large.

Cecilia Trasi, a Senior Policy Advisor at EcoThinkTank and expert on EU–China climate cooperation, shares insights on the paradoxical nature of EU–China relations. Both economies aim for a green transition but take divergent paths—Europe with strict regulation and China focusing on green tech exports. They discuss pragmatic collaboration opportunities like green finance taxonomies and circular economy projects. The debate also touches on the challenges of leadership in global climate action and the implications of China's selective decarbonization policy.

In this episode of the Sound of Economics, host Rebecca Christie sits down with Bruegel’s Marie-Sophie Lappe and Francesco Nicoli, authors of a recent study on green public procurement, as well as Karolis Granickas of the Open Contracting Partnership non-governmental organisation. They discuss how governments decide what to buy, and what European policy can do to make this process work better. Is there a way for this purchasing to advance the climate transition agenda too? How can governments balance price, product choices and the impact on their local economies? How does this fit with the global context and balancing the pros and cons of non-EU products? This podcast aims to demystify the contracting cycle and unpack some of the issues at stake. Related research: Lappe, M. and F. Nicoli (2025) ‘Advantages and pitfalls of green public procurement as a European strategic tool’, Working Paper 21/2025, Bruegel Towards a Green Procurement Union: trade-offs and strategic choices, Bruegel event, 24 September 2025 See Open Contracting Partnership website: https://www.open-contracting.org/what-is-open-contracting/sustainability/

In this episode of The Sound of Economics, host Rebecca Christie sits down with Bruegel’s Heather Grabbe and Guntram Wolff to talk about the real costs of a changing climate. With all the fuss over how to manage the climate transition, economists may be overlooking the rising expenses of the changes happening now. From the rising cost of insurance to future housing shocks, evolving weather trends and water scarcity mean the world could be facing big hits to productivity and gross domestic product. What will be the scale of the change? What should economists be studying? How should policymakers act? They discuss what happens when these shocks collide and intensify, rather than occurring one at a time, and how the world can respond.  Related research: Barata da Rocha, M., H. Grabbe and N. Poitiers (2025) ‘Climate risks to global supply chains’, Working Paper 20/2025, Bruegel  Claeys, G., M. Le Mouel, S. Tagliapietra, G.B. Wolff and G. Zachmann (2024) The Macroeconomics of Decarbonisation Implications and Policies, Cambridge University Press