Freakonomics Radio

David Duchovny, the talented actor known for his iconic role in The X-Files and as a creative podcast host, dives deep into the themes of failure and quitting. He and Stephen Dubner discuss how quitting can often lead to personal growth and better opportunities, challenging the stigma attached to giving up. They reveal the value of lifelong learning, share personal stories of failure, and explore how childhood experiences shape our identities. It's a refreshing take on the positives of failure in achieving success and creativity.

Peter Blair, a Harvard education professor and labor markets expert, dives into the challenges facing America's elite colleges. He discusses the paradox of increasing demand with stagnant supply, questioning why these institutions resist expansion despite rising applicant pools. The conversation also explores the impact of wealth on admissions, the implications of recent Supreme Court rulings on diversity, and the broader value of degrees today. Blair urges a reevaluation of the educational landscape, spotlighting access and the need for reform.

In this insightful discussion, Ruth Simmons, the former president of Smith College and Brown University, examines the evolving role of higher education in America. She highlights the market-like behavior of colleges competing for prestige, while addressing the widening gap between elite institutions and community colleges. Simmons emphasizes the transformative power of education, particularly for underrepresented communities, and the crucial support offered by Historically Black Colleges and Universities (HBCUs). The conversation raises vital questions about access, inequality, and the true purpose of college.

Lance Armstrong, a cycling icon with a controversial past, joins David Canton, a history professor, David Epstein, a science journalist, and Domonique Foxworth, a former NFL player, to dissect the hidden factors of athletic success. They explore how genetics, mental toughness, and sheer luck shape elite athletes. The discussion dives into the financial barriers in youth sports and the emotional sacrifices athletes often make. They also reflect on unique journeys in competitive sports, emphasizing resilience and the often-overlooked paths to greatness.

Tania Tetlow, the first lay president of Fordham University and a former federal prosecutor, discusses the need for traditional values on campus. She highlights the delicate balance of student protests amid rising tensions, advocating for respectful dialogue over confrontation. Tetlow also addresses the financial strains on universities and the importance of ethical admissions policies to foster educational equity. Her unique leadership perspective sheds light on how to navigate the complexities of modern higher education while maintaining community responsibility.

Andrew Yang, an entrepreneur and former presidential candidate advocating for universal basic income, joins Al Roth, a Nobel Prize-winning economist known for his work in market design. They discuss the untapped potential of human hours, exploring time banking as a way to foster community and reshape economic systems. The duo examines how such innovative currencies can alleviate isolation and promote engagement, while also addressing the challenges of valuing time as a commodity in the economy.

Rebecca Diamond, an economics professor at Stanford, and Harvard's Ed Glaeser delve into the pitfalls of rent control. They discuss a new proposal from the Biden administration and why economists believe it spells disaster. The conversation uncovers historical contexts and unintended consequences of rent control measures, illustrating their impact on housing supply and affordability. With insights from case studies and real-world effects, they tackle the ongoing debate about the balance between tenant support and market realities.

Maria Liu, a professor of clinical optometry at UC Berkeley, dives into the alarming rise of myopia and the significant overconsolidation in the eyewear industry. She discusses how corporate dominance affects consumer prices and democratic values. The episode highlights innovative approaches to myopia management and the importance of quality eyewear tailored to individual needs. Liu also explores the environmental factors contributing to myopia and the expanding market for corrective lenses, shedding light on this urgent public health issue.

Co-founders of Warby Parker and a fashion historian discuss the eyewear industry, EssilorLuxottica's market dominance, Ray-Ban's luxury status, and antitrust concerns. Explore high prices, historical evolution, monopolies, and Warby Parker's disruption. Government intervention, new challengers like Warby Parker, and strategies for affordable eyeglasses are also discussed.

Richard Thaler, a Nobel laureate and pioneer in behavioral economics, shares his journey from unlikely winner to academic influencer. He humorously discusses human irrationality and how small 'nudges' can improve decision-making in finance and charity. Thaler reflects on past economic crises, the impact of behavioral insights on policies, and challenges like Bitcoin skepticism. He also candidly addresses the complexities of life after winning the Nobel Prize, emphasizing that success doesn't shield one from daily struggles.