Live Longer World

My guest today is Dr. Bjorn Schumacher whose work focuses on the central role of DNA damage in the aging process. We discussed DNA damage accumulation with age, how DNA repair mechanisms play a role, how DNA damage in the reproductive cells can tell us a lot about aging, human fertility and reproductive capacity. We also discussed the role of p53 in cancer suppression, a new biological age clock being developed in his lab and how we should protect our skin from aging and thereby control DNA damage.  A lot of us have heard about the link between DNA damage and aging and this conversation really dives into it.   All platforms / Episode Show Notes: https://livelongerworld.substack.com/p/bschumacher  Find the previous podcast episodes & subscribe to be notified: https://www.livelongerworld.com/podcast  Sign up for Premium Subscriber Summarized Show Notes on Key Points: https://www.livelongerworld.com/premium  Support on Patreon: https://www.patreon.com/livelongerworld One-Time support: https://www.paypal.com/paypalme/livelongerworld  DR. BJORN SCHUMACHER LINKS:  Lab Website: https://www.cecad.uni-koeln.de/research/principal-investigators/prof-dr-bjoern-schumacher Twitter: https://twitter.com/schumacherbj Author of the book: The Mysteries of Human Aging: Surprising Insights from a Science That's Still Young: https://amzn.to/3LyR3JU LIVE LONGER WORLD LINKS:  Website: https://www.livelongerworld.com/ Twitter: https://twitter.com/livelongerworld Newsletter: https://livelongerworld.substack.com/ Instagram: https://www.instagram.com/longevityfuture/ Patreon page: https://www.patreon.com/livelongerworld Podcast All Platforms: https://anchor.fm/livelongerworld YouTube: https://www.youtube.com/c/LiveLongerWorld Apple Podcasts: https://apple.co/3eZAoAp Spotify: https://spoti.fi/3eZB6O5 Google Podcasts: https://bit.ly/3HN0keG Premium Subscriber Benefits: https://www.livelongerworld.com/premium TIMESTAMPS:  0:00 Live Longer World Intro  0:30 Bjorn Schumacher Intro  1:22 DNA Damage as Central to the Aging process  3:37 DNA repair with age  8:39 Premature aging; 2 distinct forms of DNA damage  14:15 How does an aging human survive with DNA damage & tamp down cancer?  18:20 Stress to reproductive cells builds up immunity in the body  24:41 Female reproduction, Menopause & DNA repair  27:46 p53 and it’s role in DNA repair  35:13 BiT Clock: New Biological Age Clock  43:59 Skin Aging and DNA damage  48:06 Stress in the intestine / gut can alter the chromosome  53:00 Germ cells are immortal For links to DR. Bjorn Schumacher research discussed: https://livelongerworld.substack.com/p/bschumacher Want Summarized Notes on Key Points Discussed in the Podcast?  Gain access by signing up as a premium subscriber. Your contribution supports my work the advancement of longevity science! Key points summarized in the show notes for premium subscribers include: The central role of DNA damage in the aging process What happens to our body’s DNA repair mechanism with age? DNA Damage in the germ cells (reproductive cells) promotes stress resistance in the body The role of p53 in suppressing cancer and in the DNA repair process Learn more: https://www.livelongerworld.com/premium Thanks for listeni

My guest today is Dr. David Gems who runs the C. Elegans Aging lab at the University College London. We had a fascinating discussion talking about emerging paradigms in the theories of aging. We discussed the hyperfunction theory or the programmatic theory of aging which gives a better integrated understanding of the different theories of aging that have been presented such as damage accumulation, evolutionary, antagonistic pleiotropy. It has been assumed that molecular damage is always the cause of aging, but the programmatic theory of aging shows that that might not be the case. We also discussed his critique of the hallmarks of aging and how there should be a better paradigm for the aging field. Lastly, we also discussed how research from his lab on C. Elegans might explain some of the conflict around whether sirtuins affect lifespan and how C. Elegans also show versions of this programmatic theory of aging, which can give us a better understanding of how to study aging. Note: There is a point in the conversation (40:41) where David pulls up some slides to better explain the Multifactorial Model of Aging. So if you are listening to the audio version, you might want to refer to YouTube or the show notes. All platforms / Episode Show Notes: https://livelongerworld.substack.com/p/dgems  Support on Patreon: https://www.patreon.com/livelongerworld   Find the previous podcast episodes & subscribe to be notified: https://www.livelongerworld.com/podcast   DR. DAVID GEMS LINKS:  Lab Website: https://www.ucl.ac.uk/~ucbtdag/DGHistory.html  LIVE LONGER WORLD LINKS:  Website: https://www.livelongerworld.com/ Twitter: https://twitter.com/livelongerworld Newsletter: https://livelongerworld.substack.com/ Instagram: https://www.instagram.com/longevityfuture/ Patreon page: https://www.patreon.com/livelongerworld Podcast All Platforms: https://anchor.fm/livelongerworld YouTube: https://www.youtube.com/c/LiveLongerWorld Apple Podcasts: https://apple.co/3eZAoAp Spotify: https://spoti.fi/3eZB6O5 Google Podcasts: https://bit.ly/3HN0keG Premium Subscriber Benefits: https://www.livelongerworld.com/premium TIMESTAMPS:  00:00 Live Longer World  00:25 David Gems Intro  1:47 History of the theories of aging  12:23 Hyperfunction / Programmatic Theory of Aging  24:57 Programmatic Theory of Aging in C. Elegans  36:59 Hyperfunction theory of Aging in Humans  40:41 Multifactorial Model of Aging 50:32 Mutation in C. Elegans affecting Sirtuin research?  59:57 Sirtuin research in humans & conflicting sirtuin research  1:04:44 Metformin affects the gut microbiome  1:07:41 Critique of the Hallmarks of Aging  1:16:12 Disruption in Early Life could lead to Aging related diseases  1:24:23 Support, share, and follow Live Longer World To find links to David Gems research discussed, please refer to the show notes: https://livelongerworld.substack.com/p/dgems  Thanks for listening & if you enjoy the episode, please leave a review on Apple podcasts, support on Patreon, subscribe & share!   Stay in good health - Aastha.

My guest today is Dr. Bruce Ames who has received several awards and accolades for developing the Ames test which is used to detect carcinogens in commercial products. He showed how there were carcinogens in products such as hair dyes and children’s pajamas!    Later, Dr. Bruce Ames turned to studying micronutrients and how deficiency of important vitamins and minerals leads to accelerated aging. He came up with the Micronutrient triage theory, which says that when nutrient intake is insufficient, the body has a rationing mechanism and favors proteins needed for immediate survival at the expense of protection against future damage.    Dr. Bruce Ames is 93 years old and says that he is still exercising and eating healthy greens cooked by his lovely Italian wife! However, he says his cognitive capacity has slowed down (this is why we need rejuvenation therapies, even for the brain: listen to my episode with Dr. Jean Hebert who talks about Brain Aging and his strategy to reverse aging through replacement of the body parts: https://youtu.be/oerGUepWsH8).   I am grateful that I had a chance to converse with him on Vitamin D, longevity micronutrients, how micronutrient deficiency can lead to accelerated aging, his take on the science behind reversing aging, and his advice to younger people.    This is a shorter episode and I hope you learn more about the importance of micronutrients!   All platforms / Episode Show Notes: https://livelongerworld.substack.com/p/bames   RELATED WRITING:  My newsletter post explaining the Micronutrient Triage theory: https://livelongerworld.substack.com/p/bruceames  My post on Longevity Foods (Nutrition Doesn't have to be so complicated): https://livelongerworld.substack.com/p/longevityfoods   Sign up for Premium Subscriber Extensive Show Notes & Transcripts: https://www.livelongerworld.com/premium  Find the previous podcast episodes & subscribe to be notified: https://www.livelongerworld.com/podcast  Find me on Twitter: https://twitter.com/livelongerworld Support on Patreon: https://www.patreon.com/livelongerworld  DR. BRUCE AMES LINKS:  Website: http://www.bruceames.org/  LIVE LONGER WORLD LINKS:  Website: https://www.livelongerworld.com/ Twitter: https://twitter.com/livelongerworld Newsletter: https://livelongerworld.substack.com/ Instagram: https://www.instagram.com/longevityfuture/ Patreon page: https://www.patreon.com/livelongerworld Podcast All Platforms: https://anchor.fm/livelongerworld YouTube: https://www.youtube.com/c/LiveLongerWorld Apple Podcasts: https://apple.co/3eZAoAp Spotify: https://spoti.fi/3eZB6O5 Google Podcasts: https://bit.ly/3HN0keG Premium Subscriber Benefits: https://www.livelongerworld.com/premium  TIMESTAMPS:  00:00 Live Longer World  00:36 Bruce Ames Intro  1:50 Micronutrient triage theory  5:40 Micronutrient deficiencies & age acceleration  9:10 Vitamin D for healthy aging  12:26 CHORI Bar  14:46 Measuring micronutrients (blood finger-prick)  16:55 Bruce Ames diet  18:19 Asthma caused by obesity / bad diet improved by CHORI bar  21:21 Dr. Ames lifestyle over the years  22:47 Importance of zinc  24:15 Nutrition is complicated  24:44 Dr. Ames last words & advice for young scientists Thanks for listening & if you enjoy the episode, please like, leave a review on Apple podcasts, subscribe & share! Stay in good health - Aastha.

My guest today is Dr. Brian Kennedy who is the Director for the Center of Healthy Aging at the National University of Singapore. He is also the former President and CEO of the Buck Institute of Research on Aging. Dr. Kennedy is well-known in the field of longevity & beyond and has been involved in critical aging research.  Dr. Kennedy's lab is working on different small molecules and natural products that could boost longevity.  In today's discussion, we spoke about the network concept of the hallmarks of aging, the longevity effects of natural products like Alpha-Ketoglutarate (AKG), Spermidine and Urolithin A, and why combining some of these supplements might not be prudent. We also spoke about comparing the different biomarkers of aging, what we can learn from the longevity of bats, and why basic science is important.   All platforms / Episode Show Notes + Timestamps: https://livelongerworld.substack.com/p/bkennedy  Sign up for Premium Subscriber Extensive Show Notes & Transcripts: https://www.livelongerworld.com/premium  Find the previous podcast episodes & subscribe to be notified: https://www.livelongerworld.com/podcast  Support on Patreon: https://www.patreon.com/livelongerworld  DR. BRIAN KENNEDY LINKS:  Lab Website: https://medicine.nus.edu.sg/bch/faculty/brian-kennedy/ Twitter: https://twitter.com/BKennedy_aging  LIVE LONGER WORLD LINKS:  Website: https://www.livelongerworld.com/ Twitter: https://twitter.com/livelongerworld Newsletter: https://livelongerworld.substack.com/ Instagram: https://www.instagram.com/longevityfuture/ Patreon page: https://www.patreon.com/livelongerworld Podcast All Platforms: https://anchor.fm/livelongerworld YouTube: https://www.youtube.com/c/LiveLongerWorld Apple Podcasts: https://apple.co/3eZAoAp Spotify: https://spoti.fi/3eZB6O5 Google Podcasts: https://bit.ly/3HN0keG Premium Subscriber Benefits: https://www.livelongerworld.com/premium  DR. BRIAN KENNEDY RESEARCH DISCUSSED:  2020 Alpha-Ketoglutarate, an Endogenous Metabolite, Extends Lifespan and Compresses Morbidity in Aging Mice: https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/32877690/  2020 Aging Biomarkers: From Functional Tests to Multi-Omics Approaches: https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/32084299/  2021 The Autophagy Inducer Spermidine Protects Against Metabolic Dysfunction During Overnutrition: https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/34060628/  2021 Association between housing type and accelerated biological aging in different sexes: moderating effects of health behaviors: https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC8436907/  2020 The World Goes Bats: Living & Tolerating Viruses: https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC7341951/  2021 Yeast as a model organism for aging research: https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/B9780128159620000081 Thanks for watching & if you enjoy the episode, please like, comment, subscribe & share!  Stay in good health - Aastha.

My guest today is Dr. Collin Ewald who is a professor at the Health Sciences department at ETH Zurich. His lab focuses on understanding the extracellular matrix (ECM) and how it changes with age. Collin explains the role of the ECM in tissue repair, muscle strength, and overall longevity. In fact, Collin’s lab is also working on establishing the ECM as a biomarker for health and disease risk. So, studying the ECM can indeed tell us a lot about the aging process and ways to intervene. Think of the ECM as the environment that surrounds the cell or the proteins secreted from the cell. It holds our organs and tissues in place. You’ve probably heard of collagen protein - it is largely found in the ECM. Why is the ECM relevant for longevity research? Turns out, the ECM changes with age. In fact, each cell has a unique ECM and cancer cells can be detected by their ECM composition type! There is also a connection between the ECM and the muscle, and damage to collagen with age results in weakening of our muscles. We discuss changes in collagen with age, how sugar impacts collagen, cancer cells & ECM, the overexpression of certain collagens with age, changes in collagen causing muscle impairment with age, and longevity interventions his lab is studying to repair the impairment damage. (This podcast can be a little technical, especially in the beginning, so I’d recommend referring to the show notes for better understanding. The video version of the podcast also contains some explanations on the video slide itself.) All platforms / Episode Show Notes: https://livelongerworld.substack.com/p/cewald   Sign up for Premium Subscriber Extensive Show Notes & Transcripts: https://www.livelongerworld.com/premium   Find the previous podcast episodes & subscribe to be notified: https://www.livelongerworld.com/podcast   Support on Patreon: https://www.patreon.com/livelongerworld   DR. COLLIN EWALD LINKS:  Lab Website: https://www.ewaldlab.com/  Twitter: https://twitter.com/CollinEwald    LIVE LONGER WORLD LINKS:  Website: https://www.livelongerworld.com/  Twitter: https://twitter.com/livelongerworld  Newsletter: https://livelongerworld.substack.com/  Instagram: https://www.instagram.com/longevityfuture/  Patreon page: https://www.patreon.com/livelongerworld  Podcast All Platforms: https://anchor.fm/livelongerworld  YouTube: https://www.youtube.com/c/LiveLongerWorld  Apple Podcasts: https://apple.co/3eZAoAp  Spotify: https://spoti.fi/3eZB6O5  Google Podcasts: https://bit.ly/3HN0keG  Premium Subscriber Benefits: https://www.livelongerworld.com/premium TIMESTAMPS: Episode Page: https://livelongerworld.substack.com/p/cewald  YouTube: https://youtu.be/r1Y5wGSqKWA DR. COLLIN EWALD RESEARCH:  The Matrisome during Aging and Longevity: https://www.karger.com/Article/FullText/504295  Collagen overexpression increasing lifespan: https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC4352135/  Youthful and age‐related matreotypes predict drugs promoting longevity: https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC8441316/  Doubling life near death: https://elifesciences.org/digests/71335/doubling-life-near-death Thanks for watching & if you enjoy the episode, please like, comment, leave a review, subscribe & share!  Stay in good health - Aastha.

My guests in today's episode are Dr. Irina and Michael Conboy of the Department of Bioengineering at the University of California Berkeley.  Their groundbreaking research focuses on tissue rejuvenation via plasma dilution and heterochronic parabiosis, where the Conboys took a young mouse and an older mouse and sutured them together, such that the animals shared blood and environment. The old mice became rejuvenated & younger. They’ve also pioneered a process called the Neutral Blood Exchange or Therapeutic Blood Exchange, through which dilution of old blood plasma can lead to true rejuvenation in the brain & other tissues of mice to a younger state!!    Further, we touch upon Irina's work showing how decreased Oxytocin levels with age contributes to poor muscle function. Their research is incredibly exciting and we discuss all about it in today’s episode.   Episode Show Notes: https://livelongerworld.substack.com/p/rejuvenation-via-plasma-dilution Sign up for Premium Subscriber Extensive Show Notes & Transcripts: https://www.livelongerworld.com/premium  Find the previous podcast episodes & subscribe to be notified: https://www.livelongerworld.com/podcast  DR. CONBOY LINKS: Berkeley Lab: https://conboylab.berkeley.edu/   2021 Paper Plasma Dilution Improves Cognition and attenuates neuroinflammation in old mice: https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/33191466/   2020 Paper Rejuvenation of three germ layers tissues by exchanging old blood plasma with saline-albumin: https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC7288913/   2014 Paper Oxytocin is an age-specific circulating hormone that is necessary for muscle maintenance and regeneration: https://www.nature.com/articles/ncomms5082   LIVE LONGER WORLD LINKS:  Website: https://www.livelongerworld.com/ Twitter: https://twitter.com/livelongerworld Newsletter: https://livelongerworld.substack.com/ Instagram: https://www.instagram.com/longevityfuture/ Podcast All Platforms: https://anchor.fm/livelongerworld Patreon: https://www.patreon.com/livelongerworld YouTube: https://www.youtube.com/c/LiveLongerWorld Apple Podcasts: https://apple.co/3eZAoAp Spotify: https://spoti.fi/3eZB6O5  Google Podcasts: https://bit.ly/3HN0keG TIMESTAMPS:  00:00 Live Longer World Intro  00:35 Irina & Michael Conboy Intro  1:08 Aging is slowdown in our repair machinery  2:55 Naked Mole Rats not extreme model for longevity  5:37 Heterochronic Parabiosis  16:00 Young Blood to Old Blood Exchange  19:19 Rejuvenation via Neutral Blood Exchange (NBE)  22:56 Old Blood Degenerates Young Mice  25:29 Rejuvenation Effects on Brain, Liver, Muscle through NBE  27:16 How long do effects of NBE last?  30:15 How is NBE working mechanistically? 2 waves of rejuvenation  33:38 Inhibiting TGF-beta & Increasing Oxytocin is rejuvenative  38:12 NBE vs. Senolytics  40:53 Unanswered Questions on NBE  43:13 Oxytocin & Muscle Functioning; Notch Signaling  48:12 Chickens & Ravens as Pets!   Thanks for listening & if you enjoy the episode, please like, subscribe & share! Stay in good health - Aastha.

Dr. Nir Barzilai is well-known in the field of longevity and beyond and is the director and chair of several institutes focused on Aging research. Just to name a few, he is the director of the Institute for Aging Research at the Albert Einstein College of Medicine and of the National Institutes of Health’s (NIH) Nathan Shock Centers of Excellence in the Basic Biology of Aging.  Dr. Barzilai’s research interests are in the biology and genetics of aging, so he has done extensive work studying centenarians and supercentenarians some of which he discusses in today’s episode and also in his book Age Later.   He is currently leading an international effort to approve drugs that can target aging. Targeting Aging with METformin (TAME) is a specific study designed to prove the concept that multi-morbidities of aging can be delayed by metformin, working with the FDA to approve this approach which will serve as a template for future efforts to delay aging and its diseases in humans.   In today's episode, we discuss centenarian longevity genes, what makes centenarians live so long and the role of growth hormones in longevity. We also dive into metformin's healthspan benefits for longevity, metformin & COVID, if metformin blunts muscle mass and causes hypoglycemia, and metformin dosage.  Episode Show Notes + Timestamps: https://livelongerworld.substack.com/p/snbarzilai FOLLOW NIR BARZILAI:   Profile: https://einsteinmed.edu/faculty/484/nir-barzilai/   Twitter: https://twitter.com/NirBarzilaiMD   Book: https://us.macmillan.com/books/9781250230867   FOLLOW LIVE LONGER WORLD:   Website: https://www.livelongerworld.com/   Twitter: https://twitter.com/livelongerworld   Newsletter: https://livelongerworld.substack.com/   Instagram: https://www.instagram.com/longevityfuture/   Podcast All Platforms: https://anchor.fm/livelongerworld   Patreon: https://www.patreon.com/livelongerworld   YouTube: https://www.youtube.com/c/LiveLongerWorld   Apple Podcasts: https://podcasts.apple.com/us/podcast/live-longer-world/id1588806541   Spotify: https://open.spotify.com/show/2Zc65BZb02msGuF9ujBThC

The final 2021 episode of the Live Longer World podcast is a rather special one. I've compiled some of the best & most informative parts of each of my previous episodes and highlighted them in this finale episode.   Think of it as a tour showcasing some of the work being done in the field of longevity. Some topics included in the clips are Inflammaging, SystemsAge Clock, Reprogramming, Atherosclerosis, Brain Aging and more.  And if a particular topic or clip captures your attention, you can of course go and watch the entire podcast episode.  Hope you enjoy it and wishing everyone a happy & healthy holiday season! Episode Show Notes: https://livelongerworld.substack.com/p/2021 Find the previous podcast episodes: https://www.livelongerworld.com/podcast 2021 Live Longer World podcast episodes: #01: Reason, founder & CEO of Repair Biotechnologies #02: Dr. Jean Hebert on Tissue Replacement in the Brain #03: Carolina Oliveira, the founder & CEO of OneSkin #04: Dave Gobel, founder & CEO of Methuselah Foundation #05: Dr. Matt Kaeberlein on Aging Interventions, Rapamycin, mTOR #06: Dr. Morgan Levine on Epigenetic Clocks, SystemsAge Clock FOLLOW LIVE LONGER WORLD: Website: https://www.livelongerworld.com/ Twitter: https://twitter.com/livelongerworld Newsletter: https://livelongerworld.substack.com/ Instagram: https://www.instagram.com/longevityfuture/ Podcast All Platforms: https://anchor.fm/livelongerworld Patreon: https://www.patreon.com/livelongerworld YouTube: https://www.youtube.com/c/LiveLongerWorld Apple Podcasts: https://podcasts.apple.com/us/podcast/live-longer-world/id1588806541 Spotify: https://open.spotify.com/show/2Zc65BZb02msGuF9ujBThC

Dr. Morgan Levine is an Assistant Professor of Pathology and Epidemiology at the Yale School of Medicine. Morgan runs the lab for Aging in Living Systems at Yale. Her labs works on Epigenetic Clocks, Epigenetic reprogramming, cellular aging trajectories, and in trying to understand the causes of Alzheimer’s disease. I can’t even begin to tell you how much I learned in today’s conversation! We extensively discussed Morgan’s work on developing a new Epigenetic clock called the SystemsAge clock, which is very cool and can test the biological age of different organs & systems in your body. We also spoke of different features of these clocks, interventions tested, what we know so far on reversing your biological age, some of the limitations of the clocks, why she is so excited about epigenetic reprogramming, and some of her work around Alzheimer’s disease. Most people are interested in knowing their biological age and epigenetic clocks are a way to test it. So I’m sure you will find this conversation on epigenetic clocks fascinating and walk away understanding them much better! I hope you enjoy my conversation with Dr. Morgan Levine. Show notes + Timestamps: https://livelongerworld.substack.com/p/mlevine FOLLOW DR. MORGAN LEVINE:   Morgan's Lab: https://www.morganlevinelab.com/   Twitter: https://twitter.com/DrMorganLevine   FOLLOW LIVE LONGER WORLD:   Website: https://www.livelongerworld.com/   Newsletter: https://livelongerworld.substack.com/   Twitter: https://twitter.com/livelongerworld   Patreon: https://www.patreon.com/livelongerworld   Instagram: https://www.instagram.com/longevityfuture   Apple Podcasts: https://podcasts.apple.com/us/podcast/live-longer-world/id1588806541   Spotify: https://open.spotify.com/show/2Zc65BZb02msGuF9ujBThC

Dr. Matt Kaeberlein is a Professor of Pathology, Adjunct Professor of Genome Sciences, and Adjunct Professor of Oral Health Sciences at the University of Washington. His research interests are focused on basic mechanisms of aging in order to facilitate translational interventions that promote healthspan and improve quality of life.   Matt has been around the field of aging for a long time and knows more about the work in the aging field than perhaps anyone else. This was a comprehensive conversation where we spoke about how Matt thinks of aging from a functional perspective, caloric restriction and aging, whether NAD+ precursors are effective in slowing aging, the role of sirtuins.    We discuss quite a bit on rapamycin and how it’s shown to be effective in improving the health of mice. Matt is very excited about the potential benefits of Rapamycin in reversing aging and he got me excited too. Matt is also working on the Dog Aging project and in trying to understand aging in dogs.    Finally, we end the conversation by talking a bit on what good scientific practices should look like. Matt approaches his work with an unbiased lens and that’s very respectable. Matt has a brilliant mind! I had such a blast talking to Matt and I hope you enjoy the conversation as much as I did!  Timestamps in the YouTube version of this podcast: ttps://www.youtube.com/channel/UCcoEB1MXhkI_CFwsHRtPXUg FOLLOW LIVE LONGER WORLD: Twitter: https://twitter.com/livelongerworld Website: https://www.livelongerworld.com/ YouTube: https://www.youtube.com/channel/UCcoEB1MXhkI_CFwsHRtPXUg Patreon: https://www.patreon.com/livelongerworld Apple Podcasts: https://podcasts.apple.com/us/podcast/live-longer-world/id1588806541 Spotify: https://open.spotify.com/show/2Zc65BZb02msGuF9ujBThC Instagram: https://www.instagram.com/longevityfuture/ Store: https://www.longevitystore.co/ FOLLOW MATT KAEBERLIN:   Website: https://kaeberlein.org/  Twitter: https://twitter.com/mkaeberlein  Dog Aging Project: https://dogagingproject.org/