Science Friday

Astrophysicist Steve Schulze, a research associate at Northwestern University’s Center for Interdisciplinary Exploration and Research in Astrophysics, discusses groundbreaking discoveries about supernovae. He reveals what lies beneath the hydrogen and helium of stars, particularly in the case of supernova 2021yfj, which showcased a silicon- and sulfur-rich inner shell after its outer layers were stripped away. Schulze compares the structure of stars to a cosmic onion, uncovering layers of complexity and intriguing questions about stellar composition and evolution.

Heath Druzin, host of the podcast "Howl" from Boise State Public Radio and The Idaho Capital Sun, dives into the gray wolf's journey in the Western U.S. He discusses the dramatic recovery since their reintroduction in 1995, alongside the emotional and polarizing views humans have toward these majestic creatures. Druzin highlights the Nez Perce Tribe's critical role in wolf management and the ongoing challenges they face with hunting regulations. The conversation offers insights into the ecological benefits of wolves and the complexities of wildlife preservation.

Asa Bradman, a professor of public health at UC Merced and expert on food dyes, joins to delve into the vibrant world of artificial food colorings. They discuss how these dyes have evolved from natural roots to synthetic forms, with mounting health concerns, especially regarding children's behavior and ADHD. The conversation highlights the controversial cancer implications tied to certain dyes, calls for more research, and evaluates the risks associated with food dyes compared to other environmental factors, urging caution and informed choices.

Dr. Vinod Balachandran, an expert in cancer vaccines at Memorial Sloan Kettering, shares exciting insights about a new mRNA vaccine targeting pancreatic cancer. Despite substantial funding cuts, early trials show promise, with half of participants generating strong immune responses. He delves into the challenges of this notoriously tough cancer and the innovative approaches tailored to individual tumors. Balachandran also discusses the emotional journeys of patients involved in trials and the potential for personalized vaccines to transform cancer treatment.

Bill McKibben, a climate activist and founder of Third Act, dives into the solar power revolution and its potential to reshape energy landscapes. He highlights the surge in solar installations in states like Texas and California amidst federal rollbacks. The discussion also covers global advancements, particularly in China, and the urgency of solar adoption to combat climate change. Additionally, McKibben introduces agrovoltaics, showcasing how solar energy can harmonize with agriculture, benefiting both farmers and the environment.

In this enlightening discussion, Dr. Sarah Lower, an associate professor at Bucknell University, reveals the fascinating world of fireflies. She shares insights into over 2,600 species, their unique communication methods beyond just blinking lights, and the chemistry behind their glow. The conversation explores the implications of firefly bioluminescence for medical research, including its role in monitoring biological functions. With urban adaptability and conservation needs also on the table, listeners will gain a newfound appreciation for these magical beetles.

Mathematician Adam Kucharski, author of 'Proof: The Art and Science of Certainty,' explores the evolving concept of truth from ancient philosophies to today's challenges. He discusses the impact of misinformation and AI on our understanding of truth and emphasizes the importance of navigating uncertainty in decision-making. Kucharski highlights the complex relationship between scientific evidence and political agendas, particularly during crises like COVID-19, revealing how these factors shape public perception and trust in science.

Join Kathryn Harkup, a chemist-turned-author, as she unravels the deadly secrets behind Agatha Christie's use of poison in her mysteries. With a background in pharmacy, Harkup explains how Christie's chemistry knowledge enriched her storytelling. Discover the allure of toxicology, the dual nature of poisons, and the science behind crime-solving. Harkup also reflects on how societal perceptions of toxicity have shifted, shedding light on Christie's personal encounters with lethal plants that inspired her infamous plots.

Casey Crownhart, a senior climate reporter for MIT Technology Review, dives into the recent severe flooding in Juneau, Alaska, linked to climate change. She discusses the hurdles the U.S. electric vehicle market faces amidst regulatory challenges, while highlighting a major automaker's push for affordable electric trucks. Crownhart also touches on innovative energy storage solutions, including a startup using underground water for electricity storage. The podcast critically examines the funding cuts to mRNA vaccine research and their potential long-term impact on drug development.

Join Shelley McGuire, a professor from the University of Idaho, and Deepshika Ramanan, an assistant professor at the Salk Institute, as they dive into the fascinating world of breast milk. They explore its unique composition and its vital role in infant immunity. Discover how breast milk adapts to a baby's needs, the evolutionary advantages of breastfeeding, and the global variations in milk composition. The discussion also addresses maternal cannabis use and the societal stigma surrounding breastfeeding choices, highlighting the need for more research and support.