CISO Series Podcast

All links and images for this episode can be found on CISO Series https://cisoseries.com/what-to-expect-when-youre-expecting-a-network-breach/ Are you expecting a little intrusion into your network any day now? You better be prepared. Are there some vulnerabilities you should have managed, but didn't? Don't worry, first time security professionals are always scared about their first incident. This episode is hosted by me, David Spark (@dspark), producer of CISO Series and Mike Johnson. Our sponsored guest this week is Scott Kuffer, co-founder and COO, Nucleus Security Thanks to our podcast sponsor, Nucleus Security Nucleus unifies your existing security stack, integrating with over 70 scanners and external tools, creating a centralized hub to control the chaos of vulnerability analysis, triage, and remediation. Ready to make the tedious VM process simple through smart automation and workflow optimization? See for yourself at https://nucleussec.com/demo On this week's episode There's got to be a better way to handle this We constantly hear security leaders talk about "people, process, and technology". Overwhelmingly, most security vendors are selling technology, then after a very steep drop there is the sale to managing people, and then "process" feels like a neglected stepchild. Let's talk about one process change made in the past year that had a significant impact on security posture? AND what is the "process" in security that needs the most help? Is there an opportunity in this area for security vendors or this just a combination of project management and increased automation? What do you think of this vendor marketing tactic Are security vendors eating their own dog food? The next time a security vendor pitches you, Chris Roberts of Hillbilly Hit Squad said on LinkedIn, "Ask them if they are using their own systems to protect themselves OR if they're relying on someone else's technology to protect their arses." An excellent question and HOW a vendor answers that question is very telling. So, is our sponsored guest using his own product to protect his business? "What's Worse?!" Jeremy Kempner, BT Americas offers up two really crappy communications options for Scott and Mike to wrestle with. Please, Enough. No, More. This week's topic: Risk-based vulnerability management, which can be defined as prioritizing your vulnerability remediation based on the risk it poses to your organization. What have we heard enough about with risk-based VM and what should we hear more about? How have you actually pulled this off? One of the key parts of a successful pentest is the reconnaissance phase where the necessary background information is generated. Let's walk through that process. How much involves planning vs. discovering? It's assumed that a lot of creativity goes into making a successful pentest. What are some of the techniques and information needed to increase success?

All links and images for this episode can be found on CISO Series https://cisoseries.com/we-recommend-a-know-the-right-people-certification/ There are so many fantastic certifications out there for security professionals. But we've found the one certification that will really help you land the right job really quickly, is to provide proof that you know some people at our company who can vouch for you. Remember, we are a business that operates on trust, not giving people their first chances in cybersecurity. This episode is hosted by me, David Spark (@dspark), producer of CISO Series and Mike Johnson. Our guest this week is Jesse Whaley, CISO, Amtrak Thanks to our podcast sponsor, Adaptive Shield Adaptive Shield ensures companies gain control over their SaaS app security and prevents the misconfigurations and vulnerabilities that could lead to a leak or breach. Adaptive Shield connects to any app, continuously monitors all configurations, provides a complete picture of the company's SaaS estate, and enables quick remediation of any potential threats. In this week's episode Why is everybody talking about this now? Should cybersecurity professionals fight back rather than block and tackle? former US government cyber security chief Chris Krebs, has called on law enforcement and others to fight back against ransomware attackers. Krebs, suggested posting private information of the hackers, with malicious intent, AKA doxxing. "Hacking back" is dangerous as it's hard to determine the attacker, and you're essentially taking the law into your own hands, but Chris Krebs is recommending this, seeing that ransomware is the biggest threat. Dan Lohrmann of Security Mentor shared this article from the Financial Times and it drove a lot of debate. We've heard this before, but from someone like Chris Krebs, that's astonishing. What level of fighting back should people be comfortable with? Are we having communication issues? "I push back [on vendors] because I want depth and context from first contact," said John Keenan, director of Information Security, at Memorial Hospital at Gulfport. In this post on LinkedIn he said he's annoyed with vendors' generic first outreach and when he declines their response is "Well, I had to give it a shot". If they want a real connection, include "What's In It for Me". A generic response of "I think you'll really like what we've got to show," does not qualify. Let's talk about who has ever received a first (or heck any) contact that did have depth and context and could clearly articulate the "what's in it for you" message. "What's Worse?!" This week's challenge is from Nir Rothenberg, CISO, Rapyd. How have you actually pulled this off? Hiring in cybersecurity is a bear. As we've discussed before on this show, there's actually plenty of supply and demand in cybersecurity, yet jobs are not getting filled, possibly because of unreasonable requirements. Let's talk about what percentage of all the ideal skills people are willing to accept in a new hire, and situations where someone was hired who didn't possess that must have-skill for the job. ? And also let's look at the most effective training or mentoring technique used to get employees to adopt those skills. Hey you're a CISO. What's your take? On Twitter, Alyssa Miller AKA @alyssaM_InfoSec asked: "You're the CISO, rank the priority of the following list from a security perspective and explain your reasons: A. A well-defined vulnerability management program B. A reliable configuration management database/Asset Inventory C. A comprehensive metrics and reporting practice. A slight majority voted BAC or asset management, vulnerability management, then metrics. But there was plenty of disagreement. Let's look at that.

All links and images for this episode can be found on CISO Series https://cisoseries.com/my-backup-plan-is-hoping-my-cloud-provider-has-a-backup-plan/ I think maybe I should check to see if we paid for cloud backup protection. Or maybe, we're doing it. Who knows? This episode is hosted by me, David Spark (@dspark), producer of CISO Series, and Mike Johnson. Our guest this week is Ty Sbano (@tysbano), chief security and trust officer, Sisense Thanks to our podcast sponsor, Adaptive Shield Adaptive Shield ensures companies gain control over their SaaS app security and prevents the misconfigurations and vulnerabilities that could lead to a leak or breach. Adaptive Shield connects to any app, continuously monitors all configurations, provides a complete picture of the company's SaaS estate, and enables quick remediation of any potential threats. On this week's episode Why is everybody talking about this now? Is your cloud service provider backing up your data, or should you be doing that? Many users of OVHcloud realized they should have been doing it because they didn't realize what they had bought. OVH suffered a fire that destroyed one of its data centers making some of the customer data unrecoverable. They had backup of some services, but no backups of other data. As of now, OVH is backing up all customer data for free, but this speaks to a big problem with trusting cloud providers, noted Enrico Signoretti of GigaOm in a post on LinkedIn. Did you pay for backups? How are they being provided? Where physically are they? And how often do you test restoring? Everyone knows they should do this, but how often is it actually being done? Someone has a question on the AskNetSec subreddit On the AskNetSec subreddit, the question was asked, "What's the advantage of reporting bugs to official sources over brokers?" Some really good pro and con discussions of both ranged from brokers usually pay more, to going straight to the source seems "the right thing to do." But there were so many variances that it wasn't that cut and dry. As a bug bounty hunter, if you find a significant bug, where should you go first? "What's Worse?!" Rick Woodward from Gibbs & Cox asks, "which kind of dishonesty is the worst?" Hey you're a CISO, what's your take? Another redditor on the AskNetSec subreddit asks, what kinds of questions should the interviewee ask about a company's environment so they know they're not walking into a giant mess? There were a ton of good suggested questions in the thread. If you could only ask three, which three would you ask that would give you the most information about both the stability and challenge of the security environment? What would you advise? Ross Young asked, I want to be a board advisor, how am I going to be paid? How much effort do I want to spend on this? What compensation should I expect? What do companies expect a CISO as an advisor to do? You both are advisors, so what's your experience, advice, and what have you heard from others?

All links and images for this episode can be found on CISO Series https://cisoseries.com/patches-yes-we-need-stinkin-patches/ There was a time we could trust a patch, but now our adversaries are actually looking at the patches to find even more vulnerabilities. And we keep patching those as well. Our patches' patches need patches. When does it stop?! This episode is hosted by me, David Spark (@dspark), producer of CISO Series and Mike Johnson. Our sponsored guest this week is Travis Hoyt (@travisehoyt), managing director, exec cybersecurity technology, TIAA Thanks to our podcast sponsor, Adaptive Shield Adaptive Shield ensures companies gain control over their SaaS app security and prevents the misconfigurations and vulnerabilities that could lead to a leak or breach. Adaptive Shield connects to any app, continuously monitors all configurations, provides a complete picture of the company's SaaS estate, and enables quick remediation of any potential threats. On this week's episode What's the best way to handle this The vulnerability landscape is changing, according to a new report from Rapid7. One issue, as Rob Lemos of DarkReading reports, is that you can't necessarily trust patches. They're often incomplete, and attackers look at existing patches as an opportunity to find more flaws, which they do. And the threats come from different angles: they're widespread, targeted, often using a zero-day, and there are other vulnerabilities that are impending threats. It seems that the portion of the threats you know about and can defend against is shrinking, and you're battling more of the unknown. Have you seen similar, and if so how has your security program shifted as a result? That's something I would like to avoid The NSA recently provided guidance on creating a Zero Trust security model. In the piece, the NSA says, "transitioning to a [zero trust] system requires careful planning to avoid weakening the security posture along the way." So what is the NSA talking about? What are common transitioning moves to zero trust that can make you vulnerable? "What's Worse?!" Jonathan Waldrop from Insight Global delivers a challenge specifically tailored for Mike. Please, Enough. No, More. Let's look at SaaS posture management, or just the ongoing management of potential issues that may come across SaaS platforms - and consider what we have heard enough about with regard to SaaS posture management, and what we would like to hear a lot more about. Umm is this a good idea OSINT should go beyond finding out a security practitioner's email and phone number, argued Alyssa Miller of S&P Global Ratings. Alyssa received an email pitch from a vendor offering a gift and she declined. That same vendor then followed up and called her. The vendor was pitching her something that wasn't in her department, that she had no control of, and she couldn't accept gifts because her company is in a heavily regulated market. In summary, Alyssa said if you're going to use OSINT, understand the person's business, their role, and if making such a request would be counterproductive. What types of vendor OSINT tactics work well and what types work poorly?

All links and images for this episode can be found on CISO Series https://cisoseries.com/i-think-possibly-maybe-weve-solved-diversity-in-cybersecurity/ We're tired of hearing "we're trying" when it comes to the subject of how companies are trying to inject diversity into their organizations. It's a lopsided game and diverse candidates have to make ten times the number of attempts as their non-diverse counterparts. This episode is hosted by me, David Spark (@dspark), producer of CISO Series and guest co-host Jimmy Sanders (@jfireluv), cybersecurity, Netflix DVD. Our guest this week is Jerich Beason (@blanketSec), svp, CISO, Epiq. Thanks to our podcast sponsor, Living Security Traditional approaches to security communication are limited to one-off training sessions that fail to take customers, regulators, and other external stakeholders into account and rarely affect long-term behavioral change. This report lays out a four-step plan that CISOs should follow to manage the human risk. It provides design principles for creating transformational security awareness initiatives which will win the hearts and minds of senior executives, employees, the technology organization, and customers. On this week's episode How have you actually pulled this off? As discussed before on this show, being the next CISO at a company that was recently breached can be very lucrative. We've had guests that have very successfully negotiated huge salaries as the post-breach CISO. Are CISOs setting themselves up for far too much responsibility to be seen as a the company's digital savior? What are the responsibilities of a post breach CISO? Got a better answer than "we're trying?" Over the years we have interviewed dozens of business owners, security professionals, and hiring managers about diversity. Almost all their answers fall into the following buckets: We're trying but there's no pipeline. We're working with XXX group to improve. Diversity is needed because diversity of thought it needed to create a more secure organization. No one will admittedly say they're against diversity. Yet systemic racism, sexism, or just boys' clubism in general continues to exist. It appears most of the non-diverse business leaders are being pressured into admitting it's a problem. So they do it, and we even get token hires, but it all comes off as diversity theater and not the business actually making a shift. What is the story of diversity in cybersecurity many people don't get and need to actually be doing, not just giving lip service to? "What's Worse?!" Eugene Kogan, CSO at a confidential company sets it up: Who do you want on our side: executives or employees? And now a listener drops knowledge "Learn cybersecurity in public," suggests AJ Yawn of ByteChek who recommends joining a training program and then publishing what you've learned on a blog. As AJ explains, "Doing this will help you build relationships & prove to potential employers you're applying your new knowledge." He concludes with the advice, "Don't learn in silence." The community responded to AJ's advice. It's great advice, which everyone agreed to in the comments, but why then do so few people actually do it? There's got to be a better way to handle this Zero trust is not a technology that can be purchases as a solution. It's an architecture, methodology, and framework that you have to consciously adopt, noted Stephen Lyons of F5 on a post on LinkedIn. Can solutions already in-house be rejiggered to adopt a zero trust methodology? And if so, what changes would need to be made to existing systems to have a more zero trust environment?

All links and images for this episode can be found on CISO Series https://cisoseries.com/unnecessary-research-reveals-cisos-hate-cold-calls/ In a study we never actually conducted, our fellow security leaders said unequivocally that there never has been a time they welcome a phone call from someone they don't know trying to book a demo to see a product they have no interest in. This episode is hosted by me, David Spark (@dspark), producer of CISO Series and guest co-host Andy Steingruebl (@asteingruebl), CISO, Pinterest. Our guest this week is Andy Purdy (@andy_purdy), CSO, Huawei Thanks to our podcast sponsor, Living Security Traditional approaches to security communication are limited to one-off training sessions that fail to take customers, regulators, and other external stakeholders into account and rarely affect long-term behavioral change. This report lays out a four-step plan that CISOs should follow to manage the human risk. It provides design principles for creating transformational security awareness initiatives which will win the hearts and minds of senior executives, employees, the technology organization, and customers. On this week's episode Here's some surprising research As compared to small and medium companies, big enterprises don't appear to trust the big telcos to execute their 5G strategy. This according to new research from Omdia as reported by Iain Morris of Light Reading. When asked, "do you trust a communications service provider, AKA big telco, to execute your security strategy," SMEs overwhelmingly supported the telcos over all other options, and big enterprises didn't. They trusted their own expertise or wanted to lean on a cloud service provider like Amazon or Google. Let's investigate this discrepancy. If you're not paranoid yet here's your chance As if you didn't know it already, get ready for some sobering news about third-party risk: According to a survey by BlueVoyant, as reported by SC Magazine, 80 percent of those surveyed had at least one breach caused by a third party vendor within the past year. Most of those surveyed didn't monitor third-party suppliers for cyber risk. But, even if they wanted to, it's often a point in time measurement, sometimes only yearly, and organizations have an average of 1409 vendors. UK's National Cyber Security Center puts the focus of securing against third party risk squarely on the development of the software supply chain, and the need for isolation and proven security checks throughout the development process. That may be good advice, but it still seems so overwhelming given the volume and how much you can't control. "What's Worse?!" A vulnerability response and incident detection conundrum from Jonathan Waldrop, Insight Global What's the best way to handle this Lessons learned from a big security incident and how these will be applied to the next big security incident. What do you think of this vendor marketing tactic Very few, if any, security leaders like cold calls. Yet, even with all the expressed distaste of them, they still exist, and that's probably because they still work, and still deliver significant ROI. But when these companies calculating that ROI, are they calculating all the people they've annoyed? One vendor sales rep who said after searching their CRM for "Do Not Call" there was a slew of vitriol from CISOs screaming to never contact them again. And as we all know, CISOs talk to other CISOs. So if you've angered one CISO sufficiently to never consider you, they've probably told a few friends as well. Let's discuss getting pushed over the edge by a vendor's aggressive sales tactics and what was done to essentially shut them off, including telling others about their actions.

All links and images for this episode can be found on CISO Series https://cisoseries.com/one-day-youll-grow-up-to-know-less-than-you-do-now We know so little when we're born. We're just absorbing information. But then we get older, and get the responsibility to secure the computing environment of a large company, we actually see that knowledge we absorbed start slipping away. What we thought we knew of what's in our network is so far afield from reality. This episode is hosted by me, David Spark (@dspark), producer of CISO Series and Mike Johnson. Our guest this week is Tomás Maldonado (@tomas_mald), CISO, NFL. Thanks to our podcast sponsor, Nucleus Security Nucleus unifies your existing security stack, integrating with over 70 scanners and external tools, creating a centralized hub to control the chaos of vulnerability analysis, triage, and remediation. Ready to make the tedious VM process simple through smart automation and workflow optimization? See for yourself at https://nucleussec.com/demo It's time to measure the risk Outside of security basics and popular controls like SSO, MFA, and password management, what are the most effective means (or security control) to reduce risk? People have been offering some great suggestions on LinkedIn such as reducing attack surface, knowing what you're protecting, education, more conversations about risk, and actually having someone in charge of security and risk. All reduce risk, but what truly gives the biggest bang for the buck in terms of risk reduction? Are we making this situation better or worse? When things break, what's the best tactic to remediation? A bigger/better version of the last thing, or critical thinking? Both actually have serious costs associated to them. The first being equipment and maintenance, and the second having the talent that's able to think of unique and innovative soluitons. In a post on LinkedIn, Greg van der Gaast of cmcg argues that bigger walls just result in continued security problems at a more expensive, yet slower rate. He argues many issues could be avoided with critical examination, especially in IT. It's time to play, "What's Worse?!" Ross Young asks how badly do you need to measure your security program. How would you handle this situation? Our guest, Tomás Maldonado, describes what's unique about being a CISO for the NFL - the specific security concerns that aren't necessarily on the radar at his previous organizations, and the security issues around huge global events like the Super Bowl. Well that didn't work out the way we expected Perception vs. reality in security. On LinkedIn, Ross Young, CISO at Caterpillar Financial Services said, "In April 2018, McAfee published a survey asking 1,400 IT professionals to estimate the number of cloud services in use within their organization. The average response was 31, with only 2% of respondents believing that they had more than 80—yet the real average is 1,935." This supports the great need of asset inventory. There are many instances CISOs have to make an estimate of what they have given the best information. We look at examples of when the reality of a situation was far from the initial perception, and how to manage this.

All links and images for this episode can be found on CISO Series https://cisoseries.com/would-you-look-at-that-unrealistic-licensing-deal/ CISOs know that salespeople want to make the best licensing deal they can possibly get. But unpredictability in the world of cybersecurity makes one-year licensing deals tough, and three-year licensing deals impossible. This episode is hosted by David Spark (@dspark), producer of CISO Series and Mike Johnson. Our guest this week is Mark Eggleston, (@meggleston) CISO, Health Partners Plans. This recording was recorded live in front of a virtual audience at the "SecTalks - Leading with grit in security" virtual conference brought to you by our sponsor, Cobalt. Thanks to our podcast sponsor, Cobalt Cobalt offers a faster more effective pentesting solution through its Pentest as a Service (PtaaS) platform. With it, you can schedule a pentest in as little as 24 hours for all kinds of assets. The platform also connects you with a global pool of pentesters called the Cobalt Core, whose skills can match what you need. And instead of sending you a huge PDF that raises more questions you can't answer, they engage with your team throughout the pentest. Findings can land straight into Jira and GitHub, helping you fix vulnerabilities as soon as they're discovered. Cobalt makes pentesting easy, quick to deploy, scalable, and simple to remediate. On this week's episode Why is everybody talking about this now? A redditor is struggling and overwhelmed! The person is in school studying, working, and loving cybersecurity, but has completely and utterly failed the foundations course and is on academic probation. The person told their story to the cybersecurity subreddit community, and the support came out in droves. We've seen this before. People hit a major wall professionally and they just reach out to the anonymous masses for support. The story hits a nerve and the community is eager to show encouragement. In fact, just this past week, the New York Times had an article about the unemployment subreddit offering advice and information to those struggling. We'll take a look at this tactic of reaching out for support and guidance through discussion boards. What do you think of this vendor marketing tactic? "Pro tip to vendors: don't claim that you can't do a one-year licensing deal. You might end up with a zero-year license deal", said Ian Amit, CSO, Cimpress on LinkedIn. We'll look at the art of negotiating a contract with a vendor: What is it ultimately you want? What are you willing to concede on and what must you have? And what are the situations that cause this to change? It's time to play, "What's Worse?!" Jason Dance of Greenwich Associates suggests two scenarios that others believe is security, but actually isn't. If you haven't made this mistake, you're not in security On Twitter, the CISO of Twitter, Rinki Sethi, said, "A career mistake I made, I rolled out a phishing testing program before the company was ready for it. The HR team said it was against the company culture and if I tried a trick like that again, I would be fired. Lesson - communication is important in #cybersecurity." Rinki asked for others' stories of failure. Let's explore a few. What Is It and Why Do I Care? For this week's game, the topic is vulnerability management. We look at four pitches from four different vendors. Contestants must first answer what "vulnerability management" is in 25 words or less, and secondly must explain what's unique about their vulnerability management solution. These are based on actual pitches - company names and individual identities are hidden. The winners will be revealed at the end.

All links and images for this episode can be found on CISO Series https://cisoseries.com/this-is-the-year-im-going-to-lose-weight-and-care-about-security/ Every year I say I'm going to do it. I'm going to get healthy and be much better about securing my digital identity and my data. But then after about two weeks I give up, use the same password across multiple accounts, and eat a pint of Häagen-Dazs. This episode is hosted by me, David Spark (@dspark), producer of CISO Series and guest co-host Dan Walsh, CISO, VillageMD. Our sponsored guest this week is Drew Rose, (@livsecaware)CSO, Living Security Thanks to our podcast sponsor, Living Security Traditional approaches to security communication are limited to one-off training sessions that fail to take customers, regulators, and other external stakeholders into account and rarely affect long-term behavioral change. This report lays out a four-step plan that CISOs should follow to manage the human risk. It provides design principles for creating transformational security awareness initiatives which will win the hearts and minds of senior executives, employees, the technology organization, and customers. On this week's episode What would you advise? Over on the AskNetSec subreddit, a pentester wants out. The redditor is looking for exit opportunities into another job in cybersecurity. Other redditors suggested IT audit, SOC operations, incident response, forensics. What would be an ideal next step for a pentester? We don't have much time. What's your decision? What happens when a previous employer of yours gets hacked and your information is potentially stolen. This happened to a redditor who asked this question on the cybersecurity subreddit. If nothing has actually happened, what can they do and what can potentially happen? Is a warning of "I may be compromised" to anyone going to do anything? "What's Worse?!" Jason Dance of Greenwich Associates delivers a really annoying "What's Worse?!" scenario. Please, Enough. No, More. The topic is "Security Awareness Training". David prefaces this with a top finding from a Forrester report that said, "Unless You Capture Hearts And Minds, No Amount Of Training Will Work". So with that said, what have people heard enough about with regard to security awareness training and what would they like to hear a lot more? Pay attention. It's security awareness training time What if security behavior was rated as a performance score, suggested Ashish Paliwal of SONY. In his LinkedIn article, he agreed you can't train yourself to better security. It requires positive reinforcement. He suggested psychometric tests and a scoring system where you would gain points for good security behavior and lose points for bad security behavior (-10 for clicking on a phish, +10 for reporting). Creative ideas that he acknowledges have lots of challenges. The focus here is changing human behavior, possible the hardest feature to implement. What user experience does change behavior? And why would or why wouldn't Ashish's suggestions work?

All links and images for this episode can be found on CISO Series https://cisoseries.com/please-accept-this-not-a-bribe-gift-as-an-act-of-desperation/ Offering me a gift for a meeting was definitely not Plan A. Or was this a situation that you ran out of creative ideas and it's actually more cost efficient to buy your way into meeting with me? This episode is hosted by me, David Spark (@dspark), producer of CISO Series and Mike Johnson. Our guest this week is John Overbaugh, (@johnoverbaugh) vp, security, CareCentrix. Thanks to our podcast sponsor, Nucleus Security Nucleus unifies your existing security stack, integrating with over 70 scanners and external tools, creating a centralized hub to control the chaos of vulnerability analysis, triage, and remediation. Ready to make the tedious VM process simple through smart automation and workflow optimization? See for yourself at https://nucleussec.com/demo. On this week's episode OK, what's the risk? People hear all too often that risk security isn't compliant security and vice versa, but isn't compliance just another form of risk? Shouldn't it be given quantitative and qualitative ratings like any other risk, prioritized, and remediated especially in highly regulated environments? Why is everyone talking about this now? On LinkedIn, LinkedIn CISO, Geoff Belknap asked, "Tech Vendors: Please, stop offering cash or gift cards for meetings. It throws into question the entire basis for a relationship and It's not ethical." Vendors take CISOs out for lunch all the time. That is a form of a gift. One vendor said because they can't take a CISO out they send a Starbucks card in lieu of the coffee they were going to purchase. Then there are the gifts that arrive for attending an event. Edward Kiledjian at OpenText, said, "I recently had a vendor get upset with me that I wasn't willing to accept his gifts. He said others in my position accept it and he couldn't understand why I was being so 'stubborn.'" How should this situation be handled and does a CISO's opinion of the vendor change as a result? "What's Worse?!" David tried to second guess Mike and was wrong on this bad idea from Jesse Whaley, CISO, Amtrak. If you haven't made this mistake you're not in security When Zero Day bugs arrive, security flaws just keep perpetuating. Garrett Moreau of Augury IT posted an article from MIT Technology Review about Google's research finding that when patches are released for zero days, they're often incomplete. Hackers can actually find the vulnerability sitting on the next line of code right next to the patched line of code, making it very easy for a hacker to reignite the zero day vulnerability. How can this problem stop perpetuating itself? Someone has a question on the cybersecurity subreddit A frustrated redditor eager to learn cybersecurity is getting stuck on CTFs (Capture the Flags ) and is losing the motivation as a result. The person is worried that relying on walkthroughs will be harmful. Responses from the reddit community were that the walkthroughs are there to help people learn, and that most CTFs don't resemble real life. They're there to teach a few tricks. So, is that the case?