Apologies all, Ella's computer kicked the bucket, so we'll be back next week with a fresh episode!

IT'S THE MAX FUN DRIVE!!!See our Game Night Livestream Monday March 27th at 5pm EST!Get cool drive rewards and listen to our special bonus episode!Can Large Language Models be used for good in scientific fields?  Could space smell... good?  And what olympic events have we tried, abandoned, and completely forgotten about?Things we mention:Compulsory FiguresSupport us with a Max Fun Membership!Join our Discord!We also learn about:Using ChatGPT to break up with your partner, it’s all very dry, you have to know the knowledge going in, LLMs are tools not databases, ChatGPT as a co-author, authorship carries accountability, Galactica was only public for 3 days, you can’t use galactica anymore happy??? racist protien AI, Protien and Chemistry Language Models are amazing, transparency with AI, the Bloom Project, ChatGPT emotionally ends the episode early, be funnier, in space no one can smell you smell, Venus smells like eggs, Tom volunteers to smell space, how smell works, don’t breathe if you’re driving, olfactory epithelium, 40 million olfactory neurons. a 40 million piece slimy jigsaw in my nose, asmr smells, 1 atom per cubic centimeter in space, Tim Peake’s answer, the smell of static, getting a refund for Tim’s answer, making ozone in space, sexy dying stars, Polycyclic Aromatic Hydrocarbon, your grill makes star smell, raspberries at the center of our universe, a number so big it makes you laugh, the IRAM telescope, one of the largest interstellar molecules, I’ll show you Tim Peake! I was looking for amino acids but now I know what the black hole cloud might smell like, combining all the smells into a cocktail, who knows what the rest of space smells like! No, I’m going to fight you Caroline, Koribos wins the entire Olympics, the rise in wells, ancient pump up music, armor racing a car with 4 minds of its own, the 5 month long Olympics, putting the figure in figure skating, dueling flash mob, the wonder of demonstration sports, goal ball, Olympic tiktoking, hurting Caroline and Ella with the art Olympics, write fanfiction for us, at least they had standards to not give medals, that’s my dad on a bike! trying can be more poetic than poetry.Sources:How ChatGPT worksWhat ChatGPT and Generative AI Mean for Science – NatureNature Biomedical Engineering PaperChatGPT: Five Prioroties for Research – NatureSpecialised LLMs – Toward Data ScienceGalactica Only Survived Three DaysMed-BERTNVIDIA Blog on Biology LLMsBloom: the Open LLM---TedEd: How Does Smell Work?Tim Peak- What Space Smells LikeAustralian Academy of ScienceIncreased complexity in Interstellar Chemistry 2009NASA: Comet 67P/ Churyumov-GerasimenkoSpace: Comet 67PSmithsonian: Asteroid 162173 RyuguScientific America: Four Great Scents From Outer Space---Hippias' History of OlympicsHugh Lee's Paper on the First Recorded OlympicsMET: Ancient OlympicsIOC: Chariot RacingOfficial Record of Early Olympics GamesLA Times: Compulsory FiguresSkating Scene: Compulsory FiguresWSJ: Compulsory FiguresEllyn Kestnbaum's Culture on IceRoyal Armories: Dueling at the OlympicsGliding at he OlympicsIOC: Horse SkijoringGoalball OriginsSmithsonian Mag: Art at the OlymO Sport Poem

Today we're rebroadcasting our appearance on Just the Zoo of Us as we prepare for an episode coming NEXT week for the MaxFunDrive!  On this episode we combine our shows formats to bring you a full Topic, Question, and misc, all about one of the most misunderstood, intelligent, and rascally animals: the rat!Join Tom at a MaxFunDrive Meetup!Support us with a Max Fun Membership!Join our Discord!

Is it really possible to bring back the Dodo, and what even really happened in the first place?  Are there any games left that humans can beat computers at, and why might that be okay?  And what can art forgery tell us about art and the art world?Images/Videos we Mention:The TinkerToy Tic Tac Toe ComputerThe Rock Paper Scissors RobotSupport us with a Max Fun Membership!Join our Discord!We also learn about: The Cherished Dodo, tinction, what does a dodo taste i mean look like, dodo art telephone, only 1 full skeleton, actualy lots of things die this way, invasive species also killed the dodo, Alice in Wonderland’s trendsetting the Dodo, Caroline’s clearly a Dodo person, Dodo DNA, Jurassic Park was a Documentary, I hope to die in a funny way, bringing the Bucardo back, the first De-extinction, and the first Double Extinction, DNA vaults, the nicobar pigeon, Cloacas are “Fun” according to Ella, let’s reintroduce the Dodos too why not, “bring a little bit of magic back to the mauritious”, ancient egyptian tic tac toe, the Shannon Number, The Mechanical Turk, TuroChamp, Chess was the Drosophila of AI, bad AI predictions, Deep Blue vs Kasparov, The Googolplex of Go games, Dr Fill the Crowssword AI, 100% Rock Papers Scissor Win Rate, Poker AI, this really cool game called Superluminauts, what’s “unfair” in AI? the power of art comes from yourself, the art of forgery, Han van Meegeren, Dodo in Gearl with a Pearl Earring we all make the same dumb joke, new Vermeer, don’t arrest me it’s just a forgery, there could still be Elmyr de Hory forgeries, F is for Fake, “if my work hangs in a museum long enough, it becomes real”, Tom makes a totally normal and not embaressing mixup of Van Gogh and DaVinci, how to spot a forgery, carbon dating forgeries, just look at it closely, identifying craquelure, mass spectrometry, so much of this is just about money, Salvator Mundi Ship of Theseus, were these reviews forged? Go check! the laughing peopleSources:Sources:NHM: Dodo De-Extinction Announcement Causes DebateNatGeo: The Dodo is Dead! Long Live the DodoSmithsonian: Article on Colossal BiosciencesColossal Biosciences: The DodoNature: What Would it Take to Bring Back the DodoThe Atlantic: Article on the DodoNatGeo: First Extinct Clone CreatedNHM: Frozen BanksTedTalk: De-ExtinctionBritannica: Gene EditingVideo on CRISPRRevive and Restore WebsiteMIT: The Plan to Bring Back the Passenger Pigeon---The TinkerToy Tic Tac Toe ComputerThe Shannon NumberTuroChamp Chess AINewell & Simon AI PredictionsNYTimes Deep Blue PredictionsKasparov on Deep BlueA GoogolPlex of Go GamesDr Fill Crossword AIRock Paper Scissors RobotPoker AIStarcraft AIAI SurveyAngry Birds AI PaperAnother Angry Birds AI PaperAngry Birds AI CompetitionAI Birds Competition BlogChess.com 100 Million Users---Authenticity and Viewing Art StudyIntent to DeceiveDetecting Art ForgeryDetecting Art Forgery 2Art Forgery DetectiveForgers Reveal Secrets of Paintings

Is psychology doomed, or could the reproducibility crisis a good thing?  How many senses do we really have?  And what's the history behind all the pride flags you see?Check out:Maintenance Phase's Episode on Brian Wansink's DownfallStrange Aeons (on My Immortal Authors)Support us with a Max Fun Membership!Join our Discord!We also learn about: We’re already learning! god i hate the stanford prison experiment, the four horsemen of the reproducibility crisis, the file drawer effect, honestly this horseman sounds like capitalism, what if we stopped saying “statistically significant”, Brian Wansink’s food studies and The Grad Student Who Never Said “No”, Brian this is a joke right? P-hacking the topic itself, failure to replicate isn’t the end of the world, “I Read ALL 100 Replications”, differences between the social and biological sciences, D.A.R.E for science! pre-registering a meta-analysis on pre-registration, the many good horses that work against the apocalypse, my eyes are named Dex and Sid, gustation, grilling my friends about guessing the 5 flavors, taste subclasses, touching our fingers together for half an hour, different receptors for light and hard touch, referred pain, feeling temperature in our bones, we have more cold receptors than heat, don’t test proprioception if you’re driving, it’s 10 o clock do you know where your limbs are?, the real sixth sense, losing proprioception, interoception, the holiday paradox, animal senses, ancient Egypt invented the rainbow flag, the RGB values of flags, Gilbert Baker, Harvey Milk “we needed something beautiful, something from us”, volunteers coming together to construct the first flag, oh they couldn’t just amazon a flag they had to make it, the pink is just impractical guys, the mile long flag, the Philadelphia Eagles Pride Flag, one flag to rule them all, lavender menaces, lesbian flag losing its lips.Sources:Estimating the Reproducibility of Psychological ScienceNature Survey on Reproducibility CrisisThe Four Horsemen of IrreproducibilityVox on Replication CrisisWansink's Blog PostThe Cut on Wansink's DownfallArstechnica on WansinkSpurious CorrelationsAnalysis of Wansink's ErrorsGelman & Loken on P-HackingScience Reaction to Psychology Replication StudyOpen Science Foundation Data for 100 ReplicationsScience on PreregistrationNature Analysis on Pre-registrationScience on Retraction WatchLessons from Retraction WatchRetraction Watch's Earliest RetractionMeta Analysis of the Retraction PenaltyKurzgesagt RetractionsAPA Teachable Moments from the Replication Crisis---KokumiTaste BudsThe Man Who Lost His BodyThermoreceptorsReferred PainWhy Does Time Seem to Speed Up with Age?The Emerging Science of InteroceptionAlexithymiaHygroroceptionThe Weirdest Senses Animals Have That You Don't---Stradley Ronon: Evolution of the Pride FlagBritannica: The Rainbow FlagBBC Culture: History of the Rainbow FlagGilbert Baker's WebsiteThe Harvey Milk Online BiographyInsersex Inclusive Pride FlagProgress Pride FlagNCYLGBTSites: Lavendar MenaceBiangles - Liz NaniaBiscuit: Bi Flag Histroy Strange Æons: History of the Lesbian FlagHeckin Unicorn: The Gay Man FlagUONC: Other Pride Flags

Is immortality possible in humans or other animals?  What was on Earth before trees?  And what can we learn from emoji?🤔Things we talk about:The First EmoticonsKurita's EmojisSupport us with a Max Fun Membership!Join our Discord!We also learn about: Halloween in January, stories of immortality, the epic of gilgamesh, MR BEAST GRANTS IMMORTALITY IF YOU STAY UP FOR 6 DAYS, the first story of facing AND accepting mortality, teen alexander the immortal, shooting down 9 suns, making your own immortality serum, spoiler alert we don’t find immortality in this topic, the first blood transfusion, oh nevermind not really, testicle rejuvination solves all problems, how do we die? programmed death and antagonistic pliotropy, accumulating insurmountable damage, the Hayflick Limit, shoe telomeres, four nobel laureates behind atlos labs (aaaand also jeff bezos), we’ve never recorded a naked mole rat dying from old age, transdifferentiation in the immortal jellyfish, surprise immortality! the slow and old greenland shark, having to go through puberty and pay taxes is not worth immortality, “I sort of like that the animals are winning, and we haven’t quite got there yet”, you’d make a great tree, Caroline makes us define a tree, trees are “a human concept based on visual criteria”, NOTHING EXISTS, trees put oxygen in the atmosph- wait no that was algae, Caroline wants our bewilderment and fear in the questions, the Cambrian explosion, fossils of a tree fight, sharks are older than trees, what are these spires of life, cockroach t-rex, it really is the second Halloween episode, lovecraftian Earth, letters are pictures, emojis are language, our most used emojis, emoticons, codepoints, the first emoji, standarized emoji, no more flag emojis, people assume the internet keeps records of itself.Sources:Royal Forestry Society Tree DefinitionEncyclopedia Britannica Tree DefinitionNatrual History Museum First TreesWorld's First Tree ReconstructedGiant cladoxylopsid trees resolve the enigma of the Earth’s earliest forest stumps at Gilboa, Stein et al, 2007 (Paper)Timeline: The evolution of lifeSmithsonian Magazine: The Top 10 Greatest Survivors of EvolutionLive Science: Prehistoric Mystery Organism a Humongous FungusRotted wood–alga–fungus: the history and life of Prototaxites Dawson, Hueber 2001 (Paper)Smithsonian Magazine: Giant Mushrooms---NinevehThe Eternal Life of GilgameshThe Search for ImmortalityHistory of the First Blood TransfusionSerge VoronoffThe Long and Gruesome Hstory of People Trying to Live ForeverTheories of AgeingWhat Is Antagonistic Pleiotropy?Evolution and the Biology of AgingDNA damage—how and why we age?Hayflick limitTelomeres2009 Nobel Prize in Physiology or MedicineNaked Mole RatsGreenland SharksImmortal Jellyfish---Unicode Emoji StatsLauren Schwartzberg's The Oral History of the Poop EmojiSwiftkey Regional Emoji DataEmojipedia StatsEarly EmoticonsUnicode's Emoji PrinciplesUnicode's Stance on New Flag EmojisCorrecting the Record on the First Emoji Set

What's the story of how we successfully saved the ozone?  Why and how can owls turn their heads around, and who else can?  And can Ella convert Tom to the wonder that is Eurovision?Listen to Ella's Full Eurovision PlaylistSupport us with a Max Fun Membership!Join our Discord!We also learn about: defining ozone, not wrong but not right, the ozone layer is miles thick and not full of ozone, the sun is a deadly laser, tom feels stupid about the ozone, accidentally finding out about the ozone layer depleting, the dobson ozone spectrophotometer, “being an ignorant physicist”, this is why we monitor things, we need more metaphors actually, CFCs and HCFCs, the impact of humans on the planet, WARNING: MAY CAUSE DEATH FOR ALL FUTURE HUMANS, wait legal proceedings were slow??? supersonic flights between france and the UK only, you’re doing colonialism on US ACTUALLY, 198 parties ratified the Montreal Protocol, early action is important, why don’t we talk about this enough!!! thank your local environmental researcher today, owl 360 no scope, side-eyed Tom, pigeon slander, side and front facing, owls don’t have eyeballs, cone of death, I love it when there’s a but, the guiness book of world records is dumb, breaking the rule of 7, why hang upside down, the first Eurovision was formal, no english songs allowed, the big 5, bicameral voting, Britain’s losing streak, “nobody hates the british entry more than the british”, international politics and Eurovision, it’s like We Didn’t Start the Fire,  “what else would we sing about”, it’s always been political, Ella’s favorite entries, Abba surprises Tom, how eurovision changes with the times, from ballrooms to tiktok, our future plugs.Sources:National Geographic: Ozone Layer EPA: Basic Ozone Layer Science UNEP: Ozone and YouJ. C. Farman, B. G. Gardiner & J. D. Shanklin, 1985 (Paper)The Evolution of Policy Responses to Stratospheric Ozone Depletion (1989 Paper)The Impact of High Altitude Aircraft on the Ozone Layer in the Stratosphere (1994 Paper)Impacts of a Near-Future Supersonic Aircraft fleet on atmospheric composition and climate (2022 Paper)The Vienna Convention for the Protection of the Ozone LayerThe Montreal Protocol on Substances That Deplete the Ozone LayerUN - The Climate Crisis---Krings et al Owl Neck Rotation & AnatomyMcGill on Owl EyeballsOwl Eye MobilityHuman Eye MobilityKok-Mercado & Gailloud Poster on Blood Flow AdaptationsNatGeo on Owl Head TurnsGuiness World Record for Mammal Head RotationBuchholtz & Stepien Sloth Spine PaperSloth Conservation Foundation on Why Sloths HangStudy on Sloth MusclesBecky Cliffe on Sloth Evolution---Ella's Excellent Eurovision PlaylistThe Weird and Wonderful Hisotry of the Eurovision Song ContestMore HistoryAn Actual Academic Paper On Eurovision VotingToward Data Science: Eurovision Voting BlocsArmenia–Azerbaijan Relations in the Eurovision Song ContestEurovision During the Bosnian WarCarnation Revolution

To round out the year we learn about the most interesting thing: each other!  We talk about the process of researching and writing an episode, future sciences and science fiction, and laugh and cry reflecting on our favorite things from 2022. Support us with a Max Fun Membership!Join our Discord!We also learn about: our favorite topics, this is why we don’t do topics on colors, topic lists, science ruining movies, science is just a job, anything goes as long as you don’t explain it to me, hacking the mainframe, the one flaw in the big bang theory, how do we research and when is it done? asking yourself questions, researching vs writing, research wormholes and topic duds, Caroline’s natural defense colors, London and NYC recommendations, religion and science, dealing with burnout, defeating Ella in battle, how we record, our Hollywood writers room, start a podcast if only to try, MUNA and Stromae and AJR, our favorite things this year, Everything Everywhere and Elf, Fortnite and Pokemon, Our Flag Means Death and Succession and Fleabag and Craig of the Creek and Dragula, Yotsuba, Two Headed Calf, making ourselves cry, Scoob & Shag, pandan and coke zero, our favorite pokemon, I am displeased with your lack of brevity, how each of us takes over the world, our personal take and our interest is more important than topic overlap, futue sciences, the birth of a topic, projected to finish everything soon so we can stop talking to each other, asmr speedrunning, today's topic is this pad of sticky notes, our podcast spotify wrapped, what we’re looking forward to (Breath of the Wild 2), really dumb content.

On a very special holiday episode, Tom, Caroline, and Ella give the gift of learning!  We've wrapped up our favorite fun facts to give to each other, and even gotten a few presents from some special guests!Support us with a Max Fun Membership!Join our Discord!We also learn about: the the gin craze, no free gin advertisements, gin street and beer street, wrapping paper foley work, pumpkin toadlet balance, silly UK laws, yeah and maybebeallowedtoshootacrossbowatacathedral, keep your kite flying private, kite footloose, beached whales for the queen, suspicious salmon makes sense, honey tummys, more grenades on mars by 2025, dinosaur time breaks caroline’s brain, hey these brussels sprouts aren’t bad now, brussels sprouts hipsters, Britain’s dedicated tv popularity analyst, tom regifts a fun fact, and now I’m thinking about animal genitals, Cotesia and Drosophala: like a good cheese and a fine wine.Vine Pair: The Gin CrazeHistory: The Gin CrazeWilliam Hogarth’s Beer Street and Gin LaneSmithsonian Magazine: Pumpkin ToadletSemicircular canal size constrains vestibular function in miniaturized frogsInsect Orientation: Stay on Course with the SunNIH: Vestibular SystemWright Brothers FlightOdd laws you may unknowingly breakLegislation.org: Salmon Act 1986Bee BubblingHuman Objects on MarsWhy it's Hard to Land on MarsPerseverance's 10 Million NamesPhoenix Lander Mini DVDWright Flyer Cloth on MarsTyrannosaurus RexStegosaurusThe Brussel Sprouts RenaissanceTV PickupTV Pickup QuotesThe Length of a Short Sperm

What is the science of scientific naming, and could it actually be life saving?  How many cells are in a human body, and why is it important to know?  And how exactly did the British Museum... "acquire" all these artifacts?Watch Tom's PowerPoint Comedy Show!Support us with a Max Fun Membership!Join our Discord!We also learn about: what does tom smell like? naming is hard for computer science, naming is a science, reading 12 million paper titles by hand, single use acronyms, polynomial naming, Ranunculus mother of dragons, the dino hip mixup, smooth transitions, the fermium wars, we all know what happened to element 102, berkelium californium americium, should we name elements after living people, Ella is the only true Swiftie, half of all exoplanets are named Kepler, the old Taylor can’t come to the phone right now, why? she’s a millipede, Ella will get an answer, humans have 1 cell technically, c elegans has exactly 1031 cells, don’t embarrass yourself by saying how many cells are in a mouse, we enter the wheels and doors debate, Ella sperm fact rick rolls us, the number of kinds of cells, tom is bad at math, every time a scientist questions a number an angel gets its wings, Livers Georg, Ella is heartbroken we don’t have a number, what’s the point of counting cells? the British Museum keeps 99% of things in the disney vault, offering a replica of the rosetta stone instead, Britain legally cannot return items without government approval, all the stuff we never knew about Moai statues, what does queen Victoria need with a Moai statue, her majesty declares finders keepers, actualy these stolen things mean as much to Britain now, most Britains want the items returned, there is so much to learn from this!Sources:Judith Winston's Review of Binomial NomenclatureThe Growth of Acronyms in the Scientific LiteratureThe Long and Short of Abbreviations (UA Medical Acronym)Dinosaur Hip Naming MixupHow Many Named Species are Valid?Review of the Transfermium WarsIUPAC 1994 Naming DecisionNaming ExoplanetsA Flu by Any Other NameNature on WHO NamingTaylor Swift's Millipede---Number of Bacteria In Your BodySpermTypes Of Cells In The Human BodyAn Estimation Of The Number Of Cells In The Human Body---Human Remains in the British MuseumBritish Museum: Rosetta StoneBritish Museum: Moai of rapa Nui (Easter Island Statues)CNN: British Museum Discusses fate of Easter Island StatuesBritish Museum: Benin BronzesThe Guardian: British museum ‘Has Head in sand’ Over Return of ArtefactsBritish Museum: The Parthenon SculpturesBritish Museum: Maqdala CollectionYouGuv: Should Britain Return Historical Artefacts to Their Country of Origin?Culture war: the case against repatriating museum artifactsNYT: Investigators, Citing Looting, Have Seized 27 Antiques From the MetCNN: Manhattan DA returns 58 antiquities to Italy, including 21 seized from the Metropolitan Museum of Art