ABA Inside Track

Training people the first time is easy. Actually ensuring that they’ve learned the target skills…is a tiny bit harder. Fortunately, special guest, Dr. Paula Braga Kenyon has some research-based ideas on how clinicians can use self-monitoring and technology to improve procedural integrity. And not just in one setting, but in multiple settings. Plus, you get to use performance feedback, our favorite! Articles discussed this episode: Pelletier, K., McNamara, B., Braga-Kenyon, P., & Ahearn, W.H. (2010). Effect of video self-monitoring on procedural integrity. Behavioral Interventions, 25, 261-274. doi: 10.1002/bin.316 Mouzakitis, A., Codding, R.S., & Tryon, G. (2015). The effects of self-monitoring and performance feedback on the treatment integrity of behavior intervention plan implementation and generalization. Journal of Positive Behavior Interventions, 17, 223-234. doi: 10.1177/1098300715573629 If you're interested in ordering CEs for listening to this episode, click here to go to the store page. You'll need to enter your name, BCBA #, and the two episode secret code words to complete the purchase. Email us at abainsidetrack@gmail.com for further assistance.

We’ve extolled the virtues of behavior skills training (BST) nearly weekly on this show. But, can you believe, we’ve never actually done a full episode on this effective, research-based training intervention? Well, we decided to fix that oversight by digging into what components actually make BST so darn great. Plus, we finally review the oft-mentioned, never discussed Himle et al. article on gun safety. We sure know how to have a good time! Articles discussed this episode: Himle, M.B., Miltenberger, R.G., Flessner, C., & Gatheridge, B. (2004). Teaching safety skills to children to prevent gun play. Journal of Applied Behavior Analysis, 37, 1-9. doi: 10.1901/jaba.2004.37-1 Ward-Horner, J. & Sturmey, P. (2012). Component analysis of behavior skills training in functional analysis. Behavioral Interventions, 27, 75-92. doi: 10.1002/bin.1339 Kornacki, L.T., Ringdahl, J.E., Sjostrom, A., Nuernberger, J.E. (2013). A component analysis of a behavioral skills training package used to teach conversation skills to young adults with autism spectrum and other developmental disorders. Research in Autism Spectrum Disorders, 7, 1370-1376. doi: 10.1016/j.rasd.2013.07.012 If you're interested in ordering CEs for listening to this episode, click here to go to the store page. You'll need to enter your name, BCBA #, and the two episode secret code words to complete the purchase. Email us at abainsidetrack@gmail.com for further assistance.

Extra instructions, color cues, and visual models are par for the course when teaching many new skills. But, what happens when these helpful prompts turn harmful? This week, we’re joined by Dr. Catia Cividini-Motta to discuss ways to overcome prompt dependence with learners. And, after all the research is reviewed, we get a knock-down, drag-out fight to the finish to find out which methods are the best (spoiler alert: the results of these match-ups are never that simple). Articles discussed this episode: Cividini-Motta, C. & Ahearn, W.H. (2013). Effects of two variations of differential reinforcement on prompt dependency. Journal of Applied Behavior Analysis, 2013, 640-650. doi: 10.1002/jaba.67 Karsten, A.M. & Carr, J.E. (2009). The effects of differential reinforcement of unprompted responding on the skill acquisition of children with autism. Journal of Applied Behavior Analysis, 42, 327-334. doi: 10.1901/jaba.2009.42-327 Gorgan, E.M. & Kodak, T. (2019). Comparison of interventions to treat prompt dependence for children with developmental disabilities. Journal of Applied Behavior Analysis, 52, 1049-1063. doi: 10.1002/jaba.638 If you're interested in ordering CEs for listening to this episode, click here to go to the store page. You'll need to enter your name, BCBA #, and the two episode secret code words to complete the purchase. Email us at abainsidetrack@gmail.com for further assistance.

What’s the hottest vacation destination for BCBAs this summer? Why the ABA Inside Track virtual studio of course! For the remainder of these hot-hot days (in the Western Hemisphere, at least), grab a cold drink, your beach towel, and favorite podcast player as we travel the world (of ABA topics) with our special guest tour guides. We’ll be visiting the island of Prompt Dependency with Dr. Cividini-Motta, soaring the heights of Mt. Procedural Integrity with Dr. Braga-Kenyon, and zooming down the open road on Rt. Trauma-Informed Care with Brian Middleton (a.k.a., the Bearded Behaviorist). Plus, this vacation package is entirely free! Articles for July 2020 Prompt Dependency w/ Dr. Catia Cividini-Motta Cividini-Motta, C. & Ahearn, W.H. (2013). Effects of two variations of differential reinforcement on prompt dependency. Journal of Applied Behavior Analysis, 2013, 640-650. doi: 10.1002/jaba.67 Karsten, A.M. & Carr, J.E. (2009). The effects of differential reinforcement of unprompted responding on the skill acquisition of children with autism. Journal of Applied Behavior Analysis, 42, 327-334. doi: 10.1901/jaba.2009.42-327 Gorgan, E.M. & Kodak, T. (2019). Comparison of interventions to treat prompt dependence for children with developmental disabilities. Journal of Applied Behavior Analysis, 52, 1049-1063. doi: 10.1002/jaba.638   Component Analysis of Behavior Skills Training Himle, M.B., Miltenberger, R.G., Flessner, C., & Gatheridge, B. (2004). Teaching safety skills to children to prevent gun play. Journal of Applied Behavior Analysis, 37, 1-9. doi: 10.1901/jaba.2004.37-1 Ward-Horner, J. & Sturmey, P. (2012). Component analysis of behavior skills training in functional analysis. Behavioral Interventions, 27, 75-92. doi: 10.1002/bin.1339 Kornacki, L.T., Ringdahl, J.E., Sjostrom, A., Nuernberger, J.E. (2013). A component analysis of a behavioral skills training package used to teach conversation skills to young adults with autism spectrum and other developmental disorders. Research in Autism Spectrum Disorders, 7, 1370-1376. doi: 10.1016/j.rasd.2013.07.012   Procedural Integrity w/ Dr. Paula Braga-Kenyon Pelletier, K., McNamara, B., Braga-Kenyon, P., & Ahearn, W.H. (2010). Effect of video self-monitoring on procedural integrity. Behavioral Interventions, 25, 261-274. doi: 10.1002/bin.316 Mouzakitis, A., Codding, R.S., & Tryon, G. (2015). The effects of self-monitoring and performance feedback on the treatment integrity of behavior intervention plan implementation and generalization. Journal of Positive Behavior Interventions, 17, 223-234. doi: 10.1177/1098300715573629   Trauma-Informed Care w/ Brian Middleton (a.k.a., the Bearded Behaviorist) Slocum, S.K. & Vollmer, T.R. (2015). A comparison of positive and negative reinforcement for compliance to treat problem behavior maintained by escape. Journal of Applied Behavior Analysis, 48, 563-574. doi: 10.1002/jaba.216 Kunnavatana, S.S., Bloom, S.E., Samaha, A.L., Slocum, T.A., & Clay, C.J. (2018). Manipulating parameters of reinforcement of reduce problem behavior without extinction. Journal of Applied Behavior Analysis, 51, 283-302. doi: 10.1002/jaba.443 Kupferstein, H. (2018). Evidence of increased PTSD symptoms in autistics exposed to applied behavior analysis. Advances in Autism, 4, 19-29. doi: 10.1108/AIA-08-2017-0016

Given the preponderance of evidence that early intervention leads to better outcomes for children with autism spectrum disorder, isn’t it important to identify these children as early as possible? This week we review research in identifying early indicators of ASD in children, charting the course from preschool, to first-birthday parties, to TV-watching infants. It’s the most adorable-sounding research we’ve ever discussed. Articles discussed this episode: Osterling, J. & Dawson, G. (1994). Early recognition of children with autism: A study of first birthday home videotapes. Journal of Autism and Developmental Disorders, 24, 247-257. doi: 10.1007/BF02172225 Jones, W. & Klin, A. (2013). Attention to eyes is present but in decline in 2-6 month-olds later diagnosed with autism. Nature, 504, 427-431. doi: 10.1038/nature12715 Sallows, G.O. & Graupner, T.D. (2005) Intensive behavioral treatment for children with autism: Four-year outcome and predictors. American Journal on Mental Retardation, 110, 417-438. doi: 10.1352/0895-8017(2005)110[417:IBTFCW]2.0.CO;2 Zwaigenbaum, L., Bryson, S., Rogers, T., Brian, J., & Szatmari, P. (2005). Behavioral manifestations of autism in the first year of life. International Journal of Developmental Neuroscience, 23, 143-152. doi: 10.1016/j.ijdevneu.2004.05.001 If you're interested in ordering CEs for listening to this episode, click here to go to the store page. You'll need to enter your name, BCBA #, and the two episode secret code words to complete the purchase. Email us at abainsidetrack@gmail.com for further assistance.

Unless you love conducting job interviews, you’re probably interested in keeping the employees you hire for as long as possible. But how much impact can your supervision have on minimizing staff heading for the hills? Dr. Byron Wine joins us to share his research and experience into staff turnover in the human services including whether employee rewards work, if rapport building can leads to better work outcomes, and how to start getting your organization prepared for the inevitability of positional vacancies. Articles discussed this episode: Wine, B., Chen, T., & Brewer, A. (2019). An examination of reward probability and delivery delays on employee performance. Journal of Organizational Behavior Management, 39, 179-193. doi: 10.1080/01608061.2019.1666776 Curry, S.M., Gravina, N.E., Sleiman, A.A., & Richard, E. (2019). The effects of engaging in rapport-building behaviors on productivity and discretionary effort. Journal of Organizational Behavior Management, 39, 213-226. doi: 10.1080/01608061.2019.1667940 Wine, B., Osborne, M.R., & Newcomb, E.T. (2020). On turnover in human services. Behavior Analysis in Practice, published online January 6, 2020. doi: 10/1007/s40617-019-00399-6 If you're interested in ordering CEs for listening to this episode, click here to go to the store page. You'll need to enter your name, BCBA #, and the two episode secret code words to complete the purchase. Email us at abainsidetrack@gmail.com for further assistance.

In light of recent events in the US, we’ve decided to move up our conversation with Adrienne Bradley and Kat Jackson from Black Applied Behavior Analyst, Inc. on the subject of racial diversity and inclusion. We discuss the importance of cultural humility, barriers to meaningful diversity initiatives, and how racism goes beyond being a good person. Plus how to continue your own journey as a BCBA in promoting inclusive practices and managing your ability to take feedback on the many not so obvious ways BCBAs can practice discrimination in their daily interactions. Articles discussed this episode: Hook, J.N. & Watkins Jr., C.E. (2015). Cultural humility: The cornerstone of positive contact with culturally different individuals and groups? American Psychologist, 70, 661-662. doi: 10.1037/a0038965 Rangarajan, N. & Black, T. (2007). Exploring organizational barriers to diversity. Review of Public Personnel Administration, 27, 249-263. doi: 10.1177/0734371X06296203 Rosenberg, N.E. & Schwartz, I.S. (2019). Guidance or compliance: What makes an ethical behavior analyst? Behavior Analysis in Practice, 12, 473-482. doi: 10.1007/s40617-018-00287-5 Some additional resources from BABA: Racial Equity Readiness Assessment Anti-Racism for Kids 101 Multiculturalism and Diversity in Applied Behavior Analysis Beautiful Humans Podcast Shades of ABAB Podcast If you're interested in ordering CEs for listening to this episode, click here to go to the store page. You'll need to enter your name, BCBA #, and the two episode secret code words to complete the purchase. Email us at abainsidetrack@gmail.com for further assistance.

So, you probably aren’t planning on going on any exciting vacations this summer, for some reason. Why not take a trip to podcast-land, first stop, ABA Inside Track. We’ll be here and so will many fabulous visiting guests (in vocal form) like Dr. Bryon Wine and like Cat Jackson and Adrienne Bradley from Black Applied Behavior Analysts. Why not throw on your swimsuit, grab a burger, slather on some sunscreen, and get ready for a series of June episodes that might almost help you forget that you had to cancel your Disney World trip. Articles for June 2020 Staff Turnover w/ Dr. Bryon Wine Wine, B., Chen, T., & Brewer, A. (2019). An examination of reward probability and delivery delays on employee performance. Journal of Organizational Behavior Management, 39, 179-193. doi: 10.1080/01608061.2019.1666776 Curry, S.M., Gravina, N.E., Sleiman, A.A., & Richard, E. (2019). The effects of engaging in rapport-building behaviors on productivity and discretionary effort. Journal of Organizational Behavior Management, 39, 213-226. doi: 10.1080/01608061.2019.1667940 Wine, B., Osborne, M.R., & Newcomb, E.T. (2020). On turnover in human services. Behavior Analysis in Practice, published online January 6, 2020. doi: 10/1007/s40617-019-00399-6   Early Indicators of Autism Osterling, J. & Dawson, G. (1994). Early recognition of children with autism: A study of first birthday home videotapes. Journal of Autism and Developmental Disorders, 24, 247-257. doi: 10.1007/BF02172225 Jones, W. & Klin, A. (2013). Attention to eyes is present but in decline in 2-6 month-olds later diagnosed with autism. Nature, 504, 427-431. doi: 10.1038/nature12715 Sallows, G.O. & Graupner, T.D. (2005) Intensive behavioral treatment for children with autism: Four-year outcome and predictors. American Journal on Mental Retardation, 110, 417-438. doi: 10.1352/0895-8017(2005)110[417:IBTFCW]2.0.CO;2 Zwaigenbaum, L., Bryson, S., Rogers, T., Brian, J., & Szatmari, P. (2005). Behavioral manifestations of autism in the first year of life. International Journal of Developmental Neuroscience, 23, 143-152. doi: 10.1016/j.ijdevneu.2004.05.001   Diversity and Inclusion w/ Cat Jackson + Adrienne Bradley Hook, J.N. & Watkins Jr., C.E. (2015). Cultural humility: The cornerstone of positive contact with culturally different individuals and groups? American Psychologist, 70, 661-662. doi: 10.1037/a0038965 Rangarajan, N. & Black, T. (2007). Exploring organizational barriers to diversity. Review of Public Personnel Administration, 27, 249-263. doi: 10.1177/0734371X06296203 Rosenberg, N.E. & Schwartz, I.S. (2019). Guidance or compliance: What makes an ethical behavior analyst? Behavior Analysis in Practice, 12, 473-482. doi: 10.1007/s40617-018-00287-5

LIVE from the TxABA conference—which, because of the pandemic, we recorded in the comfort of our homes—it’s a fun-filled presentation from ABA Inside Track! Due to popular demand, we’ve switched up our original talk to discuss what research can tell us about promoting safety measures in our daily lives. Is there a way to improve hand washing in the general population? What does economic research tell us about social distancing? And how is the Green Movement like a global health initiative? Big thanks to our friends at TxABA for their kind invitation. We hope to see you at the Alamo next year! Articles discussed this episode: Fenichel, E.P. (2013). Economic considerations for social distancing and behavioral based policies during an epidemic. Journal of Health Economics, 32, 440-451. doi: 10.1016/j.jhealeco.2013.01.002 Fournier, A.K. & Berry, T.D., (2012). Effects of response cost and socially-assisted interventions on hand-hygiene behavior of university students. Behavior and Social Issues, 21, 152-164. doi: 10.5210/bsi.v.21i0.3979 Bowman, L.G., Hardesty, S.L., Sigurdsson, S.O., McIvor, M., Orchowitz, P.M., Wagner, L.L., & Hagopian, L.P. (2019). Utilizing group-based contingencies to increase hand washing in a large human service settings. Behavior Analysis in Practice, 12, 600-611. doi: 10.1007/s40617-018-00328-z Bordlein, C. (2020). Promoting hand sanitizer use in a university cafeteria. Behavior and Social Issues, Online Access. doi: 10.1007/s42822-020-00026-y Chance, P. & Heward, W.L., (2010). Climate change: Meeting the challenge. The Behavior Analyst, 33, 197-206. doi: 10.1007/bf03392219 Pritchard, J. (2010). Virtual rewards for driving green. The Behavior Analyst, 33, 185-187. doi: 10.1007/bf03392216

You may say “toe-may-toe”, and I may say “toe-mah-toe”, but we’ve all learned to accept that these differences are ok. However, not everyone can take such perspective taking skills for granted, including many individuals with autism. This week, we take a peek into the behavior analytic literature to see how we can use recent research to supercharge our teaching skill for this socially-important skill. Articles discussed this episode: Welsh, F., Najdowski, A.C., Strauss, D., Gallegos, L., & Fullen, J.A. (2019). Teaching a perspective-taking component skills to children with autism in the natural environment. Journal of Applied Behavior Analysis, 52, 439-450. doi: 10.1002/jaba.523 Stauch, T.A., Plavnick, J.B., Sankar, S., & Gallagher, A.C. (2018). Teaching social perception skills to adolescents with autism and intellectual disabilities using video-based group instruction. Journal of Applied Behavior Analysis, 51, 647-666. doi: 10.1002/jaba.473 Gould, E., Tarbox, J., O’Hora, D., Noone, S., & Bergstrom, R. (2011). Teaching children with autism a basic component skill of perspective-taking. Behavioral Interventions, 26, 50-66. doi: 10.1002/bin.320 If you're interested in ordering CEs for listening to this episode, click here to go to the store page. You'll need to enter your name, BCBA #, and the two episode secret code words to complete the purchase. Email us at abainsidetrack@gmail.com for further assistance.