Counter-Errorism in Diving: Applying Human Factors to Diving

In this episode, we delve into the world of distractions and procrastination, exploring how they impact tasks, especially in critical situations like planning dives or navigating wrecks. From the allure of smartphones to unexpected interruptions, distractions can lead to increased stress and errors. Multi-tasking, often seen as efficient, can actually hinder complex tasks, as seen in a diving scenario where a simple conversation led to a crucial mistake. We discuss strategies to combat distractions, like blocking out noise or setting boundaries, but acknowledge the challenge of unexpected interruptions. Drawing from experiences in teaching and diving, we highlight the importance of teamwork and clear communication in managing distractions and ensuring task completion.   Original blog: https://www.thehumandiver.com/blog/3   Links: Dug the dog from Disney’s “Up”: https://youtu.be/Q8FWzLMobx0 A study on the effects of distraction: https://ics.uci.edu/~gmark/chi08-mark.pdf Multi tasking: https://ics.uci.edu/~gmark/CHI2005.pdf   Tags:  English, Jenny Lord, Performance Shaping Factors, Teamwork

In this podcast episode, we debunk common misconceptions about Human Factors, shedding light on its complexity and importance. Contrary to the belief that Human Factors is just common sense, it's an evidence-based practice that delves deeper into understanding human behavior and system design. While technical skills are crucial, Human Factors emphasizes non-technical skills like decision-making and communication to prevent errors. It's not solely about personal limitations but involves training and learning from mistakes. Additionally, Human Factors considers cultural and organizational influences on behavior. Addressing the misconception around Just Culture, it's about learning from mistakes while sometimes assigning blame when necessary. Emphasizing the role of change and learning, Human Factors seeks continuous improvement, making it easier to do the right thing in various aspects of life.   Original blog: https://www.thehumandiver.com/blog/5-common-misconseptions-about-human-factors   Links: Blog about common sense:https://www.thehumandiver.com/blog/common-sense What we mean by a Just Culture: https://www.thehumandiver.com/blog/a-just-culture-is-not-a-just-do-it-culture How learning reviews are different to traditional investigations: https://www.thehumandiver.com/blog/learning-reviews-in-diving Why this is important: https://www.thehumandiver.com/blog/human-factors-in-diving-what-it-is-what-it-isn-t-why-you-need-to-know   Tags: English, Human Factors, Jenny Lord  

In this episode, we explore the often overlooked gap between how work is envisioned and how it actually gets done. Imagine crafting the perfect set of procedures for a job, only to face the realities of limited resources, budget constraints, and differing perspectives from those actually performing the tasks. This misalignment between "Work as Imagined" and "Work as Done" can lead to various outcomes, from compliant but flawed execution to outright disregard for standards. We delve into the complexities of why this misalignment occurs, from misunderstandings to deliberate acts of defiance or circumvention. By understanding the truth of "Work as Done," we can identify areas for improvement and bridge the gap between expectation and reality. Join the conversation on our Facebook group to share your insights and experiences in navigating these challenges.   Original blog: https://www.thehumandiver.com/blog/Work-as-Imagined-vs-Work-as-Done   Links: The difference between the standards as written and what happens: https://www.thehumandiver.com/blog/analyzing-the-hidden-consequences-of-undermining-diving-standards Diagram of overlapping circles: https://humanisticsystems.com/2016/12/05/the-varieties-of-human-work/%E2%80%9C Facebook group: https://www.facebook.com/groups/184882365201810/ Further reading: https://www.thehumandiver.com/blog/what-does-human-factors-in-diving-mean https://humanisticsystems.com/2016/12/05/the-varieties-of-human-work/ https://psychsafety.co.uk/psychological-safety-work-as-imagined-vs-work-as-done/ https://www.rcog.org.uk/about-us/quality-improvement-clinical-audit-and-research-projects/each-baby-counts-learn-support/safety-thinking-toolkit/work-as-imagined-versus-work-as-done/ Tags:  English, Jenny Lord, Rules

The podcast delves into the issue of ignoring diving standards, highlighting the potential consequences and influencing behaviors within the industry. Despite the prerequisite for Rescue Diver certification before starting Divemaster training, some i nstructors overlook this standard for various reasons, from ignorance to time pressure or complacency. Direct consequences include students being inadequately prepared and potentially posing a danger to themselves and others, while influencing behaviors perpetuates a culture of shortcuts and compromises safety. The authority gradient between instructors and students means that instructors' actions significantly impact students' perceptions of importance and acceptable behavior. This influence extends throughout the diving community, emphasizing the need for adherence to standards to ensure safety and integrity within the industry.   Original blog: https://www.thehumandiver.com/blog/analyzing-the-hidden-consequences-of-undermining-diving-standards Links: Work as Imagined vs Work as Done https://www.rcog.org.uk/about-us/quality-improvement-clinical-audit-and-research-projects/each-baby-counts-learn-support/safety-thinking-toolkit/work-as-imagined-versus-work-as-done/ Giving yourself permission to do it again: https://www.thehumandiver.com/blog/normalisation-of-deviance-not-about-rule-breaking Tags:  English, Authority Gradient, Decision Making, Jenny Lord, Leadership

The allure of SCUBA diving offers unparalleled opportunities for underwater exploration but also comes with inherent risks that demand respect and understanding. This podcast, summarizing a conversation between industry experts, delves into the critical aspects of risk management and incident reporting in diving. Understanding the risks, the role of equipment in safety, learning from experience, psychological preparedness, and the importance of community are all explored in depth. Each dive presents unique challenges, requiring thorough planning, adaptability, and a keen understanding of the underwater environment. By sharing experiences and fostering a culture of safety, divers can collectively enhance their awareness and practices, ensuring safer and more enjoyable experiences beneath the waves. Safety in diving is a continuous journey, requiring a holistic approach that considers people, equipment, processes, culture, and the environment, with each dive serving as an opportunity for learning and growth.   Original blog: https://www.thehumandiver.com/blog/risk-management-podcast-review Links: Podcast: https://www.buzzsprout.com/2191453/14228917 2nd Podcast with Gareth: https://www.buzzsprout.com/2191453/14507924-interview-with-gareth-lock DEBrIEF model: https://www.thehumandiver.com/debrief Tags: English, Gareth Lock, Just Culture, Psychological Safety, Risk Management

In this podcast episode, we delve into the psychological impact of diving incidents, particularly focusing on the development of post-traumatic stress disorder (PTSD) within the diving community. While physical injuries from diving accidents are well-documented, psychological trauma often goes unnoticed and untreated. Research suggests that a significant portion of divers experience psychological effects even a year after an incident, affecting their overall well-being and decisions regarding future diving. However, the prevalence of PTSD in diving remains unclear due to limited reporting and awareness. Trauma related to diving accidents can have long-lasting consequences, affecting divers' mental health, social functioning, and their ability to cope with stress during subsequent dives. Despite the lack of formal diagnosis, unresolved trauma can lead to avoidance behaviors, anxiety, and even substance abuse. Addressing psychological well-being in diving is crucial for creating a safer and more supportive diving environment. Divers should be aware of the potential for psychological issues after an incident and know where to seek help. By prioritizing psychological support alongside physical safety measures, we can foster a culture of resilience and empowerment within the diving community.   Original blog: https://www.thehumandiver.com/blog/psychological-consequences-of-a-diving-accident Links: Fit to dive Reakcje psychologiczne i nurkowanie, opis terapii The psychological impact of accidents on recreational divers: A prospective study RISK OF SLEEP DISORDERS IN PATIENTS WITH DECOMPRESSION SICKNESS: A NATIONWIDE, POPULATION-BASED STUDY IN TAIWAN - - Psychiatria Danubina, 2019; Vol. 31, No. 2, pp 172-181 https://doi.org/10.24869/psyd.2019.172 A twelve-year longitudinal study of neuropsychological function in non-saturation professional divers Tags:  English, Andrzej Górnicki, Diving Psychology, Incident Analysis, Jenny Lord, Performance Shaping Factors, Psychological Safety, PTSD

In this podcast episode, we explore who should be driving change in the diving industry, drawing inspiration from quotes by George Bernard Shaw and Albert Einstein emphasizing the necessity of change for progress. While top-down leadership models are common, with executives setting the culture and direction, it's argued that true change often stems from the middle, where individuals are most affected. With millions of divers worldwide, those employed in diving, including instructors and professionals, hold significant influence and can champion higher standards and improved teaching methodologies. By advocating for better quality instruction and embracing current best practices, the industry can address issues like declining numbers and quality, ultimately fostering a safer and more satisfying experience for all divers. Encouraging discussions, teaching effective communication, and prioritizing skills training in buoyancy control can shape a positive culture shift that permeates through agencies and influences industry-wide change. As individuals in the middle, listeners are encouraged to envision the culture they desire and actively contribute to driving positive change within the diving community.   Original blog: https://www.thehumandiver.com/blog/who-is-responsible-for-change Tags:  English, Jenny Lord, Leadership

In this podcast episode, we delve into the necessity of change, exploring why it's crucial and who should be driving it. Drawing insights from Winston Churchill's quote, "To improve is to change, to be perfect is to change often," we examine how change is an inherent part of life and essential for progress. While some resist change due to comfort or reluctance to adapt teaching methods, advancements in knowledge, equipment, and teaching methodologies underscore the importance of evolving practices in diving instruction. From teaching students while neutrally buoyant to embracing new equipment setups like wings and long hoses, the diving community is witnessing transformative shifts aimed at enhancing safety and efficacy. Despite challenges like the reluctance to break from tradition or financial constraints, we explore the imperative of staying abreast of modern best practices and fostering a culture of continuous improvement in diving education.   Original blog: https://www.thehumandiver.com/blog/why-we-need-change Tags:  English, Jenny Lord, Safety Culture

In this podcast episode, we explore the pitfalls of using "shoulda, woulda, coulda" in discussions about diving mistakes and accidents, emphasizing the need for constructive language and learning-oriented approaches. Drawing from real-life diving scenarios, we highlight how counterfactual responses hinder progress and fail to address the root causes of incidents. Instead, we advocate for reframing language to focus on actionable solutions and future improvements. By shifting from "would" to "will," "could" to "can," and "should" to proactive suggestions, we empower divers to learn from mistakes and enhance safety practices. Additionally, we stress the importance of understanding the context behind errors and offering supportive guidance for continuous improvement.   Original blog: https://www.thehumandiver.com/blog/shoulda-woulda-coulda Links: Blog about hindsight bias; https://www.thehumandiver.com/blog/joining-dots-is-easy-if-you-know-the-outcome Multiple factors leading to an incident: https://www.thehumandiver.com/blog/one-mistake The Swiss Cheese model: https://www.thehumandiver.com/blog/when-the-holes-line-up Tags:  English, Counterfactuals, Hindsight Bias, Human Error, Jenny Lord

In this podcast episode, we draw parallels between aviation and diving safety, emphasizing the importance of human factors and non-technical skills in preventing accidents. Reflecting on a tragic airplane crash, we explore hazardous attitudes commonly seen in both industries and propose antidotes to mitigate their risks. From anti-authority to resignation, these attitudes can lead to complacency and unsafe practices, impacting instructors and divers alike. Through real-life examples and insights, we underscore the need for awareness and positive attitudes in diving instruction, aiming to foster a culture of safety and responsibility within the diving community.   Original blog: https://www.thehumandiver.com/blog/the-five-hazardous-attitudes Links: National Transportation Safety Board, Aviation Investigation Preliminary Report CAA tutorial about Airmanship: https://infringements.caa.co.uk/tutorial/airmanship/ FAA info about Airmanship: https://www.faasafety.gov/gslac/ALC/course_content.aspx?cID=723&sID=1448&preview=true EASA info about Aeronautical Decision Making: https://www.easa.europa.eu/sites/default/files/dfu/HE4_Single-Pilot-Decision-Making-v1.pdf More about this from a flight instructors perspective: https://www.aviation101.com/deathbyflightinstructor Tags: English, Communication, Human Performance, Incident Analysis, Jenny Lord, Leadership