Ideas of India

Snigdha Poonam, a journalist and the author of Scamlands, delves into the intriguing world of scams. She explores how scams have evolved into an organized economy intertwined with formal systems in India, highlighting regions like Jharkhand and Assam. The discussion includes the normalization of scamming within communities, state complicity, and how women are disproportionately affected. Snigdha also uncovers transnational scams, including cybercrime networks and the grim reality of scam slavery in Southeast Asia, linking youthful aspirations to these darker narratives.

Shruti and Ideas of India producer Dallas Floer sit down for the 2025 end-of-year episode. They look back at key themes and top episodes from the past year, address listener questions, and look forward to what's in store for Shruti and the show in 2026. Recorded December 16th, 2025. Read a full transcript enhanced with helpful links. Learn more about The 1991 Fellowship. Connect with Ideas of India Follow us on X Follow Shruti on X Click here for the latest Ideas of India episodes sent straight to your inbox. Timestamps (00:00:00) - Intro (00:01:03) - Listener Questions (00:25:50) - Big Themes and Top Episodes (00:42:21) - Personal Moments (00:46:53) - Looking to 2026 (00:49:47) - Hope or Concern for Next Generation (00:51:45) - Intellectual Mood Around India (00:53:01) - Shruti and Animals (00:56:52) - What's New for 2026 (01:00:07) - The Ideas of India Team (01:05:21) - Thank You's (01:09:49) - Outro

Our seventh and final scholar in the series is Ammu Lavanya, a PhD candidate in Economics at George Washington University. Her research is in the areas of International Finance, Monetary Economics, Empirical Banking and Financial History. We spoke about her job market paper titled International Financial Flows, Credit Allocation and Productivity. We talked about financial liberalization in India, the 2004 banking reform that increased the ceiling on raising foreign equity its impact on market value, lending capacity and increasing productivity through credit in India, the difference between private versus state owned banks, and much more. Recorded October 9th, 2025. Read a full transcript enhanced with helpful links. Connect with Ideas of India Follow us on X Follow Shruti on X Follow Ammu on X Click here for the latest Ideas of India episodes sent straight to your inbox. Timestamps (00:00:00) - Intro (00:03:06) - Understanding Capital Inflows and Financial Liberalization (00:04:36) - Concerns Around Foreign Capital and Hot Money Flows (00:07:12) - The Banking Reform and Ownership Landscape in India (00:12:10) - Banks Most Affected and Patterns of Foreign Investment (00:17:05) - Impact on Borrowing Capacity and Lending Behavior (00:19:38) - Productive Lending and Screening Mechanisms (00:25:53) - Managerial Practices and Governance Improvements (00:34:20) - Firm-Level Effects and Data Construction (00:39:50) - Aggregate Effects and Decline in Misallocation (00:45:19) - Implications for Policy and the Future of Liberalization (00:48:42) - Differences Between Public and Private Banks (00:53:15) - Outro

Our sixth scholar in the series is Nayantara Biswas is a postdoctoral research fellow at the Beth Israel Deaconess Medical Center. She received her Ph.D. in economics from Clark University. Her research focuses on health equity impact evaluations of small-scale interventions and large-scale public policies. We spoke about dissertation titled, The Impact of Social Policies on Reproductive Health, Maternal Employment, and Child Health: Evidence from India. We talked about demand side versus supply side policy interventions in public health, India's maternal health policy landscape, the ASHA workers program, variation across states in policy impact and much more. Recorded August 28th, 2025. Read a full transcript enhanced with helpful links. Connect with Ideas of India Follow us on X Follow Shruti on X Follow Nayantara on X Click here for the latest Ideas of India episodes sent straight to your inbox. Timestamps (00:00:00) - Intro (00:01:35) - Setting the Stage (00:04:44) - India's Maternal–Child Health Policy Landscape (00:08:29) - Uneven Progress: State Differences, Culture, and Measurement Challenges (00:09:24) - Who Are the ASHA Workers? (00:11:56) - Trust, Access, and the Information Channel (00:14:26) - Pay, Hours, and Unionization: Why Conditions Vary by State (00:16:50) - How Incentives Are Structured (00:21:44) - From Design to Data: Building the District-Level Panel (00:25:20) - We Are Measuring ASHAs—and Something Else (00:26:45) - DiD Simplified: How the Causal Claim Works (00:33:45) - Policy Implications: Where to Invest and How to Train (00:36:53) - Cost-Effectiveness: Supply vs. Demand (00:39:53) - Why Supply-Side Effects Take Time (00:41:50) - Beyond Pregnancy: Anganwadi Daycare and Women's Work (00:46:27) - Outro

Karthik Narayan, a doctoral candidate in economics at the University of Oxford, dives into the intricacies of monetary policy in India. He discusses the challenges of measuring the impact of scheduled versus unscheduled policy announcements on interest rates and inflation. Karthik explains how unexpected changes can complicate economic forecasting and the relevance of the Lucas Critique. He emphasizes the importance of credible monetary policy and suggests frequent reviews to improve outcomes, while also touching on the evolving landscape since India's economic liberalization.

Our fourth scholar in the series is Asad Tariq, who is a doctoral candidate in Economics at the Indian Institute of Technology, New Delhi. His research focuses on the political economy of development, with a particular interest in religion, politics and public service delivery in India. We spoke about his job market paper titled, Constituencies of Change: Electoral Redistricting and Public Goods Provision in India. We talked about the 2008 delimitation exercise, especially at the state level, gerrymandering, the median voter versus swing voters and ethnic groups, public service delivery for minorities, especially Muslims, and much more. Recorded September 5th, 2025. Read a full transcript enhanced with helpful links. Connect with Ideas of India Follow us on X Follow Shruti on X Follow Asad on X Click here for the latest Ideas of India episodes sent straight to your inbox. Timestamps (00:00:00) - Intro (00:02:42) - Packing and Cracking (00:05:10) - From Theory to Ballots (00:06:40) - Median Voter Logic: A Mechanism in Play (00:08:24) - Delimitation as an exogenous shock? (00:19:06) - Does Identity of the elected leader matter? (00:20:10) - Enter: Swing Voters (00:23:07) - Schools, Roads, and Wires: Evidence on Public Goods (00:26:21) - Crunching the Numbers (00:29:44) - Drawing the Lines: Gerrymandering Then and Now (00:37:40) - Policy Stakes and What's Next (00:41:45) - Outro

In this riveting discussion, Chetana Sabnis, a Yale doctoral candidate, explores how the Indian state regulates intimate relationships. She delves into the intricacies of the 'Intimacy Contract,' revealing how courts decide which relationships count as family. Chetana highlights the tension between customs and laws, gendered biases in welfare claims, and the complex recognition of polygamous and interfaith relationships. She also warns about the responsibilities that come with legal recognition, making this a compelling conversation on love, law, and identity.

Sunny Rai, a postdoctoral fellow at the University of Pennsylvania, explores the contrasting portrayals of shame and pride in Bollywood and Hollywood films. She discusses how Bollywood emphasizes family honor while Hollywood focuses on individual accountability. Rai shares her research methodology involving vocabulary analysis and Large Language Models to dissect these themes. Additionally, she highlights challenges like the limitations of subtitle translations and the implications of cultural biases in AI training, suggesting broader applications for her findings.

Our first scholar in the series is Kartik Srivastava, who is a PhD candidate at the Kennedy School at Harvard University. Before this, he received his bachelor's degree from Yale University, where he majored in Economics and Engineering Sciences. His research focuses on development economics, labor economics, and political economy. We spoke about his job market paper titled, Familiar strangers: Evidence from referral-based hiring experiments in India. We talked his large-scale experiment at a footwear manufacturing firm in Delhi, on how referral-based hiring improve firm productivity, cohesion, and inclusion, differences in hiring between higher caste versus lower caste networks, feudalism and labor opportunities, and much more. Recorded August 28th, 2025. Read a full transcript enhanced with helpful links. Connect with Ideas of India Follow us on X Follow Shruti on X Follow Kartik on X Click here for the latest Ideas of India episodes sent straight to your inbox.

Narayani Basu, a historian and author of 'A Man for All Seasons: The Life of K. M. Panikkar', dives deep into the life of this fascinating figure. She discusses Panikkar's role in the Indian nationalist movement and his intricate relationship with China in the 1950s. The conversation touches on his ideological complexities, including his views on Zionism and communism. Basu also examines the impact of historical traumas on India's identity and the challenges of integrating princely states into a unified nation.