New Work In Intellectual History

In this episode, Dr Cesare Cuttica re-examines the idea of democracy in early modern England in his latest book Anti-democracy in England 1570-1642 (Oxford University Press). The main premise of his original interpretation is that democracy did not exist, and in fact, it was seen as a threat to the way of life. Contemporary democratic ideas were dangerous, immoral and were associated with the uneducated commonalty.

Our guest this episode is Dr Matilde Cazzola who introduces us to the ultra-radical English thinker and activist Thomas Spence (1750–1814), famous for his “Plan” for the abolition of private land ownership. Often dismissed as an eccentric anachronistic figure, Spence is shown by Cazzola to be a fascinating political agitator aiming for the overturning of the ancien regime in favour of the “swinish multitude”. He is also, Cazzola contends, a subtle thinker with something to contribute to radical thinking about communal property today.

Is Adam Smith an apologist for capitalism who viewed it as the fourth and final stage of socio-economic development? Was Smith provoked into his moral and economic defence of capitalism by Rousseau’s Second Discourse? Much current Smith literature would suggest the answer to both questions is yes. But, perhaps, questions like these indicate that something has gone very wrong with our interpretations of Smith? Paul Sagar thinks so. We explore what needs to change and why in this conversation about his newly published and enjoyably iconoclastic Adam Smith Reconsidered: History, Liberty and the Foundations of Modern Politics (Princeton, 2022).

In this episode Prof Margaret Connolly talks about the post-medieval reception of medieval texts. Along a selection of eight manuscripts, Margaret traces how three generations of a sixteenth-century family from Middlesex read and used books from the fifteenth century. Examining their annotations of the fifteenth-century manuscripts, Margaret derives insights about the relevance of medieval contents for sixteenth-century readers and places the individual personae into the context of the English Reformation.