KGNU - How On Earth

Menopause & HT (start time: 0:58)  It happens to every woman with a uterus who reaches midlife. Menopause is a major hormonal  transition that, although very challenging for some women, is natural, and (get this!) even  advantageous to civilization. Think grandmothers!  Yet menopause has been largely dismissed by the medical community. As a result,  too many women suffer through menopause in pain, shame,  and loneliness. In this week’s show, host Susan Moran  interviews Dr. Jen Gunter, a gynecologist and specialist in chronic pain medicine. She wrote the book  The Menopause Manifesto (2021), and she’s among a growing cadre of medical practitioners who are pushing to bring more information to women about what to expect during menopause and about treatment options, including hormones. Resources: The Menopause Society;  Australasian Menopause Society Host/ Show Producer: Susan Moran Engineers/technical assistants: Shelley Schlender, Maeve Conran Executive Producer: Susan Moran Listen to the show here:

On this week’s How on Earth, Beth describes recent developments in defunding NIH research and CDC limits on vaccine availability; then digs into vaccine safety and development with global vaccine expert, Dr Dr Kawsar Talaat. Dr Talaat is a physician who is board certified in Pediatrics, Internal Medicine and Infectious Diseases and whose research focuses on vaccines. She has worked on clinical trials for a variety of vaccines, including influenza, malaria, Ebola, and several gut bacteria. Currently, Dr. Talaat oversees COVID-19 vaccine trials in adults and children, and is Johns Hopkins Principal Investigator for the CDC Clinical Immunization Safety Assessment project. Executive Producer: Susan Moran Show Producer: Beth Bennett Listen to the show:

Climate change. Astronomy.  A canine astronaut. They intersect in our guest, astronomer and author Dr. Jeff Bennett. Among other things, we focus on climate change and policy – present and future. Dr. Bennett got his Ph.D. in Astrophysics from the University of Colorado, and he served two years as a Visiting Senior Scientist at NASA Headquarters, where he was the first scientist hired within a science division specifically to leverage science missions for education. As an author, Dr. Bennett has written college textbooks in astronomy, mathematics, statistics, and astrobiology, and a freely available, interactive digital textbook about Earth and Space Science for middle- and high-school students.  He also has written popular books that include a series for children about an intrepid astronaut dog named Max, who goes to the Moon, Mars and elsewhere. A particular topic we plan to delve into today with Dr. Bennett is regarding his book titled: “A Global Warming Primer: Pathway to a Post-Global Warming Future”.  A current issue is the EPA’s proposal to rescind the 2009 Greenhouse Gas Endangerment Finding. The comment period for the proposed rule change has been extended to September 22. Other issues include the Department of Energy’s recent report critical of climate change research (see rebuttals of the report by Dr. Bennett and others), and whether NASA will continue doing climate and other Earth-based science. Host: Joel Parker Show Producer/Engineer: Joel Parker Executive Producer: Susan Moran Listen to the show:

US Critical Earth Metals “Hiding in Plain Sight”  (starts 1:00)  Colorado School of Mines has just published a new study that indicates the US has enough critical earth metals to stop importing them from other countries . . . if we develop the capacity. Bill McKibben – Here Comes the Sun:  A Last Chance for the Climate and a Fresh Chance for Civilization.  (starts 3:15) Celebrated environmental journalist and activist Bill McKibben will be part of a nationwide “Sun Day” day of action September 21st, celebrating the power of clean energy..  McKibben will be in Boulder  Tuesday, September 23rd for a book talk at 6:30 pm at Unity of Boulder Church. Executive Producer: Susan Moran Show Producer:Shelley Schlender Additional Contribution:  Benita Lee

On this week’s show we replay an interview from two years ago with author John Valliant on his then-newly released book, Fire Weather, the story – and much more- of the groundbreaking wildfire that devastated the oil sands capital city of Fort McMurray in Alberta. Given the current outbreaks of Colorado wildfires, getting bigger and harder to contain each year, Valiant’s message of the changing nature of these horrifying disasters is ever more pertinent. Also, headlines on the evolving nature of science in another changing climate of federal oversight. Executive Producer: Susan Moran Show Producer:Beth Bennett Additional Contribution: Joel Parker Listen to the show:

Waleed Abdalatiphoto credit: CIRES Standing Up for Science (start time: 6:39)  Since President Trump began his second term in January, his administration has been on a rapid-fire campaign to slash federal funding for scientific research, particularly in the fields of climate and earth systems science. Colorado is feeling the pain.  President Trump’s budget proposal for fiscal year 2026 includes steep cuts in funding to NOAA, or the National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration, which funds and manages research on wildfires, extreme heat waves, floods, and much more. NOAA contributes a huge amount to Colorado’s economy, and its research helps saves lives. The proposed budget cuts would likely result in the shuttering of two cooperative institutes in Colorado that are affiliated with and largely funded by NOAA. Those are  the Cooperative Institute for Research on Environmental Sciences (CIRES) at CU Boulder, and the Cooperative Institute for Research in the Atmosphere (CIRA) at Colorado State University. In today’s show, host Susan Moran talks with Dr. Waleed Abdalati, director of CIRES and a professor of geography at the University of Colorado Boulder. Hosts: Susan Moran, Joel Parker Show Producer: Susan Moran Engineer: Joel Parker Show contributor: Juanita Huérfano Executive Producer: Susan Moran Listen to the show here:

The history of astronomy has many stories of trying to understand our universe, and those stories are connected by a common thread: looking at the sky, whether with our eyes or with increasingly powerful telescopes.  The newest entry in this telescopic journey is the NSF-DOE Vera C. Rubin Observatory. Located in Chile, this observatory has an audacious goal: to repeatedly observe the entire sky visible from its location every few nights, with a project called the Legacy Survey of Space and Time. To talk about the Vera Rubin observatory and its science goals, our guest today is Dr. Tony Tyson, Distinguished Research Professor in the Department of Physics and Astronomy at the University of California, Davis. Dr. Tyson’s research focuses on experimental physics and cosmology, and he is the Observatory’s Chief Scientist. Host: Joel Parker Show Producer/Engineer: Joel Parker Executive Producer: Susan Moran Additional Contributions: Beth Bennett Listen to the show:

Erythritol – A common sugar substitute A Common Sugar Substitute Increases Risk of Heart Attack and Stroke.  (starts 11:00)  CU-Boulder Integrative Physiologist Chris DeSouza explains his recent study that shows why the commonly used artificial sweetener, Erythritol, may be increasing the risk of heart attack and stroke. 50 Years of Open Space!  (Starts 1:00)  Boulder County Parks and Open Space staff members share how local citizen activists helped protect natural lands in and around Boulder.  This is an excerpt from the podcast series, Voices of Open Space. Hosts:  Shelley Schlender and Beth Bennett Show Producer: Shelley Schlender Executive Producer: Susan Moran Listen to the show:

On this week’s show Beth speaks with computational biologist Justine Debelius about the role of the microbiome. We first discussed a study she was involved in recently that identified how changes in colon cancer tumors can affect survival. Then, she described a large collaborative project she is currently working on to identify factors influencing the development of the microbiome in children and how that affects them later in life. Executive Producer: Susan Moran Show Producer: Beth Bennett Additional Contributions: Susan Moran & Joel Parker Listen to the show:

At a protest outside NOAA in Boulder. Credit: Susan Moran Tackling Climate Change and Science Cutbacks (start time: 7:03) In this week’s show we discuss the ongoing barrage of executive orders by the Trump administration; and the impacts of defunding of federal agencies, scientific research and scientists focusing on climate change and the environment. We also explore how the legal and political landscape, including pushback against the administration’s actions, are shifting. How On Earth host Susan Moran interviews Marc Alessi, a climate scientist at the nonprofit organization Union of Concerned Scientists (UCS); and Delta Merner, a geographer and associate director of the Climate Accountability Campaign at UCS. Dr. Alessi was an  organizer of a 5-day event in May with climate scientists and meteorologists in May, called 100 Hours to Save America’s Forecasts. And Dr. Merner is an organizer of a public virtual event on Wednesday, July 16, called “Meeting the Moment Through Climate Litigation” (2:00-3:00 p.m. MDT). Also on this week’s science calendar, check out this FDA expert panel on menopause and hormone treatment, available livestreamed on the FDA’s YouTube channel. It’ll be held on Thursday, July 17, 11:00 a.m. to 1:00 pm. MDT. Host/Show Producer: Susan Moran Engineer: Evan Perkins Executive Producer: Susan Moran Headline Contributor: Shelley Schlender Listen to the show here: