In this conversation, Daniel Belkin and Mitch Belkin interview Parker Rogers about his recent job-market paper "Regulating the Innovators: Approval Costs and Innovation in Medical Technologies" which examines the impact of FDA regulation on innovation, market structure, and product safety. They discuss the FDA's medical device risk classification and his analysis of down-classification events (from higher to lower risk categories), which shows deregulation has a positive impact on innovation, firms producing devices, as well as product safety. They also touch on the value of regulation versus litigation, legal liability exposure of small versus large firms, and the European Medicine Agency.Who is Parker Rogers?Parker Rogers is a Ph.D. Candidate in Economics at the University of California, San Diego. In the fall of 2023, he will be a Postdoctoral Fellow in Aging and Health Research at the National Bureau of Economic Research. In the fall of 2024, he will be joining the School of Business at Indiana University as an Assistant Professor.Support the showFollow us at @ExMedPod Subscribe to our Youtube channelConsider supporting us on Patreon

In this conversation, Daniel Belkin and Mitch Belkin interview Ross Levine, MD, PhD about Acute Myeloid Leukemia and its treatment. They discuss the different types of leukemias, the history of AML treatment, including chemotherapy and stem cell transplantation. They touch on Graft vs Host Disease, treatment after relapse, and open questions in leukemia, including future trials, and further investigation of ven/aza (Azacitidine/venetoclax).Who is Ross Levine?Dr. Ross Levine of the Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center. Dr. Levine studies hematologic malignancies and is a world-renowned expert on myeloproliferative neoplasms and acute myeloid leukemia. Support the showFollow us at @ExMedPod Subscribe to our Youtube channelConsider supporting us on Patreon

In this conversation, Daniel Belkin and Mitch Belkin interview Adam J Brown, MD about the field of Rheumatology, autoimmune diseases, and his podcast Rheuminations. They discuss the history of gout, plaquenil, the relationship between infectious diseases and rheumatologic conditions, the inflammasome, autoinflammatory disorders, vasculitis, fibromyalgia, Covid, and much more.Who is Adam J Brown?Dr. Adam J. Brown is a Rheumatologist at the Cleveland Clinic. Dr. Brown is the author of the book Rheumatology Made Ridiculously Simple. He is also the host of the Healio podcast Rheuminations, which focuses on autoimmunity, rare diseases, and the history of medicine. References:Twitter - @AdamJBrownMDAdam J Brown's Quiz Platform Rheum and BoardsHealio Rheuminations Podcast   Support the showFollow us at @ExMedPod Subscribe to our Youtube channelConsider supporting us on Patreon

In this conversation, Daniel Belkin and Mitch Belkin interview Saloni Dattani about the genetics of psychiatric disorders and how to improve science. They discuss the lack of division of labor in academia, the history of peer review, ways to improve peer review, human challenge trials, and much more.Who is Saloni Dattani?Saloni Dattani is a PhD student at King’s College London. She is the founding editor of the online magazine Works in Progress. She is also an editor at Stripe Press and a researcher at Our World in Data. References:Saloni's SubstackSaloni's TwitterFoxes and HedgehogsSaloni Dattani's Works In Progress Article on Peer ReviewWorks in Progress - Elements of Scientific Style Support the showFollow us at @ExMedPod Subscribe to our Youtube channelConsider supporting us on Patreon

In this conversation, Daniel Belkin and Mitch Belkin interview Polly Matzinger, PhD, about her model of immunology, which she calls 'The Danger Model'. They discuss how The Danger Model helps explain aspects of immunology ignored by the self/non-self model, including why mothers don't reject their fetuses, autoimmune diseases, organ transplant rejection, cancer surveillance, allergy and more.Who is Polly Matzinger?Polly Matzinger received her PhD in Biology from UCSD before completing a postdoc at Cambridge. She then worked at the Basel Institute for Immunology before moving to the NIH, where she was a section head at the National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases of the so-called “Ghost Lab”. She is the creator of the Danger Model (1994), which argues the immune system discriminates between dangerous and safe by recognition of pathogens or alarm signals from injured or stressed cells and tissues. Support the showFollow us at @ExMedPod Subscribe to our Youtube channelConsider supporting us on Patreon

In this conversation, Daniel Belkin and Mitch Belkin interview Derek Lowe, PhD, about drug discovery, clinical trials, drug patents, Alzheimer’s disease, the FDA, and his blog “In The Pipeline”. They discuss the potential role for machine learning in pharmaceutical development, whether Big Pharma spends excessively on marketing, and much much more. Who is Derek Lowe?Derek Lowe, PhD, is a medicinal chemist who works in preclinical drug discovery. He received a PhD in organic chemistry from Duke University and completed a Humboldt Fellowship in Germany for his post-doc. His blog about the pharmaceutical industry “In The Pipeline” has been continuously operating since 2002. Support the showFollow us at @ExMedPod Subscribe to our Youtube channelConsider supporting us on Patreon

In this conversation, Daniel Belkin and Mitch Belkin interview Jean Hébert, PhD about aging, brain plasticity, and progressive neocortical replacement. They discuss one hallmark of aging—extracellular matrix damage—as well as how tissue replacement is a possible solution to aging. In addition, they explore the practicalities of progressive neocortex replacement, dopaminergic neuron transplants in Parkinson's patients, and Professor Hébert's work on stroke.Who is Jean Hébert?Jean Hebert, PhD, is a Professor of Neuroscience and Genetics at the Albert Einstein College of Medicine where he focuses on age-related brain degeneration in the adult neocortex. He is one of the world’s leading researchers on brain cell and tissue replacement. He is the author of the book Replacing Aging.Support the showFollow us at @ExMedPod Subscribe to our Youtube channelConsider supporting us on Patreon

In this conversation, Daniel Belkin and Mitch Belkin interview Paul Offit, MD about his book You Bet Your Life, how banning DDT caused increased deaths from malaria, and the data regarding the bivalent booster as of October 2022. They discuss the human price paid for medical advances, sins of commission versus sins of omission, which populations should get bivalent boosters, short versus long incubation period viruses, and vaccine-related myocarditis.Who is Paul Offit?Dr. Offit is the Director of the Vaccine Education Center and an attending in the Division of Infectious Diseases at the Children's Hospital of Philadelphia. He is on the FDA's Vaccines and Related Biological Products Advisory Committee. In addition, he was the co-inventor of the RotaTeq vaccine for rotavirus, has published over 130 papers in medical and scientific journals, and is the author of many books on vaccines, antibiotics, medical overuse, and medical history. including You Bet Your Life.If you didn’t see our initial episode with Dr. Paul Offit, check it out.What is the External Medicine Podcast?The External Medicine Podcast explores some of the most exciting ideas in medicine. Co-hosted by Daniel Belkin, MD, and Mitch Belkin, MD.Support the showFollow us at @ExMedPod Subscribe to our Youtube channelConsider supporting us on Patreon

In this colorful conversation, Daniel Belkin and Mitch Belkin speak with Carl Schneider, JD about informed consent and the problematic nature of IRBs. We discuss the difficulties of patient education and whether patients actually want medical knowledge in order to guide their decision-making. We discuss the onerousness of IRB regulation, event licensing, the costs of inhibiting knowledge generation, as well as the paternalism of IRBs. We cover how "protections" for vulnerable groups counterintuitively harms these groups by preventing both the generation of knowledge and the development of treatments. Professor Schneider argues that IRBs should be abolished and the system of informed consent ought to be reconsidered.Who is Carl Schneider?Professor Carl Schneider is a lawyer and bioethicist. He is a Professor of Ethics, Morality, and the Practice of Law at University of Michigan. After attending University of Michigan Law School, he served as law clerk to Justice Potter Stewart of the United States Supreme Court. Schneider has authored several books, including The Censor's Hand: The Misregulation of Human-Subject Research and The Practice of Autonomy: Patients, Doctors, and Medical Decisions.What is the External Medicine Podcast?The External Medicine Podcast explores some of the most exciting ideas in medicine. Co-hosted by Daniel Belkin, MD, and Mitch Belkin, MD.Support the showFollow us at @ExMedPod Subscribe to our Youtube channelConsider supporting us on Patreon

In this conversation, Daniel Belkin and Mitch Belkin speak with Adam Cifu, MD, about how to improve medical education, the importance of evidence-based medicine, and medical reversals. We discuss his collaboration with Vinay Prasad, MD, why we should swap the order of medical school curricula, and landmark trials that changed his clinical practice .Who is Adam Cifu?Adam Cifu a general internist and professor of medicine at the University of Chicago. He is a clinical educator, a podcast host, and the author of over 100-peer reviewed articles as well as two books: Ending Medical Reversal: Improving Outcomes, Saving Lives (2015) and Symptom to Diagnosis: An Evidence Based Guide (4th Edition, 2019)References:AdamCifu.comTwitter Adam Cifu's podcast: Symptoms 2 Diagnosis Transfusion Strategies for Acute Upper Gastrointestinal BleedingRandomised trial of cholesterol lowering in 4444 patients with coronary heart disease: the Scandinavian Simvastatin Survival Study (4S)The Diabetes Control and Complications Trial/Epidemiology of Diabetes Interventions and Complications Study (DCCT)Mortality and Morbidity in Patients Receiving Encainide, Flecainide, or Placebo — The Cardiac Arrhythmia Suppression TrialCoffee and Cancer of the Pancreas ____________________________________What is the External Medicine Podcast?The External Medicine Podcast explores some of the most exciting ideas in medicine. Co-hosted by Daniel Belkin, MD, and Mitch Belkin, MD.Support the showFollow us at @ExMedPod Subscribe to our Youtube channelConsider supporting us on Patreon