Experts InSight

Dr. Tamara Fountain joins host Dr. Ben Young to discuss strategies to avoid medical mistakes, how to recognize cognitive biases that can lead to diagnostic error, and what we can learn from the airline industry to improve patient safety. For all episodes or to claim CME credit for selected episodes, visit www.aao.org/podcasts.

The Centers for Medicare and Medicaid Services (CMS) created the new G2211 add-on code to address the resource cost and effort to build patient relationships with those impacted by chronic and complex conditions. Use of this new add-on code is dependent on ophthalmologists building strong long-term relationships with patients to benefit their longitudinal care. Drs. Lee Alward and Young Kwon join host Dr. Andrew Pouw to share their experiences and wisdom for building trust and rapport towards a valuable patient–physician relationship. Factsheet on HCPCS Code G2211 Visit Complexity Add-on Code: www.aao.org/g2211-code For all episodes or to claim CME credit for selected episodes, visit www.aao.org/podcasts.

Spaceflight-associated neuro-ocular syndrome (SANS) is a constellation of findings that often present in astronauts who have undergone long-duration space flight in microgravity environments. Astronauts with SANS may have disc edema, choroidal folds, cotton wool spots, nerve fiber layer thickening on OCT, globe flattening, and hyperopic shift. In today's episode, neuro-ophthalmologist and NASA consultant Dr. Andy Lee shares what we know about SANS and its implications on our terrestrial knowledge, technology, and the future. For all episodes or to claim CME credit for selected episodes, visit www.aao.org/podcasts.

Episode Description Drs. Avni Finn and Yoshi Yonekawa join host Dr. Jay Sridhar to discuss the current state of retinal reimbursements and the impact that the cost of certain diagnostic and surgical procedures is having on the delivery of patient care. For all episodes or to claim CME credit for selected episodes, visit www.aao.org/podcasts.

With increasing awareness that a retinal artery occlusion (RAO) is a type of stroke, ophthalmologists must be able to plan the next steps of care when an RAO is identified on exam. Drs. Amanda Henderson and Michael Carper join host Dr. Amanda Redfern to guide us through their recommendations and various tricky scenarios, notably whether or not to advise use of tissue plasminogen activator (tPA). For all episodes or to claim CME credit for selected episodes, visit www.aao.org/podcasts.

Dr. Peter Campbell and Dr. Travis Redd, esteemed ophthalmologists and AI committee members at the AAO, dive into the revolutionary impact of AI in their field. They discuss how tools like ChatGPT can enhance clinical practice and patient interaction. The conversation covers the challenges of integrating AI responsibly, addressing privacy issues, and the risk of bias in algorithms. They also highlight the need for transparency in academic research with AI contributions. This engaging dialogue paints a future where technology works hand in hand with human judgment in healthcare.

Dr. Chris Leffler, pediatric ophthalmologist and medical historian, joins host Dr. Andrew Pouw to discuss his study of the history of ophthalmology, ranging from the origin and use of the term "glaucoma," to the evolution of cataract surgery from antiquity to the modern era. For all episodes or to claim CME credit for selected episodes, visit www.aao.org/podcasts.

Drs. Annie Wishna and Royce Chen join host Dr. Jay Sridhar to discuss their experiences teaching trainees with surgical anxiety. Throughout the episode, our guests share their personal anecdotes, measures to overcome surgical anxiety, and how to foster a culture that supports psychological improvement. For all episodes or to claim CME credit for selected episodes, visit www.aao.org/podcasts.

Dr. Rupa Wong, a pediatric ophthalmologist and co-owner of Honolulu Eye Clinic, teams up with Dr. Dagny Zhu, a cataract specialist and medical director at Envision Eye Centers. Together, they dive into the strategic use of social media in ophthalmology. They discuss how platforms like Instagram and TikTok can attract patients and enhance professional networks. The duo highlights the importance of building a personal brand distinct from their clinic's identity and offers insights on navigating paid advertising while maintaining medical integrity.

Drs. Meghan Berkenstock, Stella Kim, and Lauren Dalvin join the show again to teach us about immune checkpoint inhibitors: game changers in oncology, but with a host of ocular side effects. All eye providers will be seeing more patients on this class of medication, and our panel teaches us what to look for and how to manage it. Additional resources: the National Comprehensive Cancer Network offers a suite of clinical practice guidelines to help clinicians manage immunotherapy ocular adverse events. For all episodes or to claim CME credit for selected episodes, visit www.aao.org/podcasts.