Epicenter - Learn about Crypto, Blockchain, Ethereum, Bitcoin and Distributed Technologies

In the footsteps of the finance industry, the energy sector has been caught by the blockchain fever. Conceived over a century ago, increased usage and an explosion of devices have made energy grids outdated. Smart grids offer a two-way dialogue where electricity and information are exchanged between utilities and its customers. This new grid takes advantages of connected devices and green energy production to provide more reliability, security and sustainability. Carsten Stöcker, Senior Manager Machine Economy & Blockchain at Innogy, shares his vision for how blockchains will serve as the transactional fabric for tomorrow’s smart grids. In this new paradigm, energy is locally produced and blockchains provide the rails on which local energy marketplaces can be built. The German utility has been conducting blockchain experiments for several years and is soon releasing the Mobility Transaction Platform moveX. The Ethereum-powered platform will serve an ecosystem of electric vehicles with transaction layer needed for charging, car sharing and mobility as a service. Topics covered in this episode: Carsten’s background in technology The history of RWE and creation of Innogy Business models in a decentralized economy How the energy grid system works The transition from the traditional grid to the smart grid How blockchains can be integrated in tomorrow’s smart grids Use cases for blockchain and energy Innogy’s moveX blockchain experiment for mobility Episode links: innogy Innovation Hub World Economic Forum - Decentral Blockchain Transaction Platform Share and Charge - Mobility on Blockchain Blockcharge - Electric Vehicle Charging on Ethereum Blockchain Genesis of Things - Industry 4.0 on Blockchain "Automating Machine Transactions and Building Trust in the 4th Industrial Revolution" "Free Electrons" - a new global energy start-up program This episode is hosted by Brian Fabian Crain and Sébastien Couture. Show notes and listening options: epicenter.tv/174

Writing his college thesis on Bitcoin in 2012 and becoming Coinbase’s first employee in 2013, Olaf Carlson-Wee has been at the forefront of cryptocurrency for many years. Recently, he left Coinbase to start Polychain Capital, a hedge fund focused solely on investing in cryptocurrencies and protocol tokens. Olaf joined us to discuss his journey in the industry and the investment thesis behing Polychain. Topics covered in this episode: How Olaf Carlson-Wee became Coinbase’s first employee The investment thesis behind Polychain Capital Why protocol tokens represent a huge investment opportunity The current state of tokensales Why the blockchain crowdfunding campaigns will start resembling VC deal structure His view on the state of the Bitcoin network and community Episode links: Polychain Capital Beyond Bitcoin: The future of cryptocurrencies - The Signal Bitcoin Will Never Be a Currency—It's Something Way Weirder | WIRED The Golden Age Of Open Protocols – AVC Blockchain Tokens and the dawn of the Decentralized Business Model Fat Protocols | Union Square Ventures a16z and USV invest $10m in new digital asset hedge fund The future is a decentralized internet | TechCrunch This episode is hosted by Brian Fabian Crain and Sébastien Couture. Show notes and listening options: epicenter.tv/173

With both the Bitcoin Unlimited and Segregated Witness efforts far from reaching majority support and exploding transaction fees, the debate around how to scale Bitcoin continues on. One of the key arguments against bigger blocks and Bitcoin Unlimited is that a blocksize restriction is needed to create a healthy fee market. Dr Peter Rizun has been researching the economics of transaction fees in Bitcoin extensively and joined us to discuss what dynamics affect fees and why he thinks the blocksize limit will eventually fall. Topics covered in this episode: Bitcoin seen through the eyes of a physicist The dynamics that determine transaction fees in Bitcoin How orphaning risks drive the fee market economics The relationship between the block reward and the fee market Why the blocksize limit will eventually fall Why Peter supports Bitcoin Unlimited The state of discussion between Bitcoin Core and Bitcoin Unlimited Episode links: Dr. Peter Rizun's talk at Scaling Bitcoin Montreal 2015 Dr. Peter Rizun: "A Transaction Fee Market Exists Without a Block Size Limit" XT Nodes - Bitcoin Hashrate Distribution Bitco.in Forum Ledger - Peer-Reviewed Journal on Cryptocurrency and Blockchain This episode is hosted by Brian Fabian Crain and Meher Roy. Show notes and listening options: epicenter.tv/172

Ethereum Founder Vitalik Buterin joined us once again to discuss the state of Ethereum and the efforts to innovate the protocol. We covered the takeaways from the DAO fork, switching to the proof-of-stake system Casper and how to think about blockchain interoperability. Topics covered in this episode: – Lessons from the DAO hack – The security flaws of Proof-of-Work – Why Proof-of-Stake will provide more security and scalability – The state of Casper and transition timeline – Blockchain interoperability Episode links: Ethereum Foundation Ethereum R&D Roundup Valentine's Day December Development Roundup R3 Chain Interoperability Paper Epicenter 58: Ethereum, Proof-of-Stake and Future of Bitcoin Epicenter 91: Frontier Launch and Scalability This episode is hosted by Brian Fabian Crain and Meher Roy. Show notes and listening options: epicenter.tv/171

One of the key issues with blockchain networks is the lack of interoperability. In the early days of Bitcoin, blockchain interoperability was far from people’s minds. However, as new networks continued to emerge and gain traction, the ability to move assets freely from one blockchain to another has become a critical feature. We’re joined by Jae Kwon, CEO and Founder of Tendermint, the team which is launching the Cosmos Network. Cosmos aims to build the internet of blockchains: A global network of blockchains, connected through hubs that allow trustless token transfer. Jae joined us to discuss the Cosmos vision, the underlying Tendermint consensus algorithm and upcoming fundraiser. Topics covered in this episode: What Cosmos is and the problems it hopes to solve How Tendermint and Ethereum relate to Cosmos How Cosmos differs from other attemps to solve blockchain interoperability Cosmos’ consensus algorithm, BFT-PoS The role of Hubs and Zones in the Cosmos Network Cosmos’ native asset, Atom, and its role in creating liquidity for inter-blockchain exchange How validator nodes will be chosen Governance in the Cosmos Network Applications for Cosmos The Atom fundraiser and Cosmos’ product roadmap Episode links: Cosmos: Internet of Blockchains Tendermint Epicenter 113: Tendermint - Private Modularized Blockchains Cosmos Whitepaper This episode is hosted by Meher Roy and Sébastien Couture. Show notes and listening options: epicenter.tv/170

There is no doubt that proof of work, introduced in the Bitcoin white paper, has stood the test of time as a robust and resilient Byzantine Fault Tolerant consensus mechanism. However, many issues may prevent Nakamoto Consensus from securely scaling over the long term. The risk of validator centralization, network forking, block scarcity and high energy costs required to mine a block have all been extensively debated with no realistic long-term solutions to date. A new paper titled “Algorand” attempts to addresses these problems. We’re pleased to be joined by Professor Silvio Micali, a computer scientist at MIT, who is known for his work in many of the technologies blockchains rely on today. As one of the co-inventors of zero-knowledge proofs, he has been decorated with a number of prizes and awards, including the Turing Award, which he received in 2012 for his work in cryptography. Prof. Micali describes the concept of Algorand, an alternative approach to proof of work which offers high security guarantees while allowing the network to scale with demand. Relying only on a trivial amount of computation to validate transactions, Algorand also reduces the probability of network forks to near-zero. It uses novel mechanisms to select validators for blocks and enabling them to come to consensus on them. Topics covered in this episode: Professor Micali’s fascinating career in the fields of computer science and cryptography The technical limitations of proof of work The ideal properties for a truly decentralized, secure and scalable cryptocurrency Algorand’s new approach to Byzantine consensus Algorand’s strong adversarial model How validators are randomly selected by the network How validators are chosen and how they arrive at consensus How Algorand guarantees a low probability of network forks How Algorand addresses the issue of scaling and block size Algorand’s roadmap and future plans Episode links: Algorand White Paper Algorand talk by Silvo Micali on YouTube Silvio Micali - Wikipedia This episode is hosted by Meher Roy and Sébastien Couture. Show notes and listening options: epicenter.tv/169

In the last year, blockchain protocols have matured at an exciting pace. Open source projects like Ethereum, the Eris stack and Tendermint are behind much of the experimentation being conducted at leading companies. These protocols would not be where they are today if it wasn’t for the hard work of dedicated open source developers. One of those people is Rick Dudley. An opinionated and passionate developer, Rick is involved in multiple projects. He works as a DevOps at Monax, works closely with Vlad Zamfir on implementing Casper in Ethereum, is a leading member of the Coala organization and is Founder and CEO of the startup Vulcanize. Rick gives us insider insights on Ethereum and on how the project may evolve, in particular, once Casper is implemented and when more robust, strongly typed language VMs are made available to the protocol. Topics covered in this episode: How Rick got involved with blockchain and Ethereum His views on the Ethereum’s planned transition to Casper The risks and benefits of moving to Casper The subtle differences between Casper and Tendermint The recent break up of the Synereo project Greg Meredith’s work on Rchain and Rholang, and how that relates to Ethereum Potential synergies between Zcash and Ethereum Vulcanize and VulcanizeDB Episode links: Time waits for no one (Medium post) "Method for portability of information between multiple servers patent" Vulcanize.io Coalition of Automated Legal Applications Epicenter episode with Vlad Zamfir Strong and weak typing - Wikipedia π-calculus - Wikipedia This episode is hosted by Brian Fabian Crain and Sébastien Couture. Show notes and listening options: epicenter.tv/168

After the successful Ethereum crowdfunding campaign, musician and web developer Peter Harris saw a path to creating a fair, decentralized music streaming platform. Out of that Resonate was born. Peter joined us to discuss why the dysfunctional structure of the music industry results in a bad deal for musicians and why a decentralized platform supported by blockchain technology and run as a cooperative represents a better way forward. Topics covered in this episode: How technology changed the ability of musician’s to make money Why streaming platforms don’t compensate musicians fairly The story of how Peter came to found resonate Why Stream-to-Own is a better way to compensate artists Why Resonate chose to build on BigchainDB The benefits of the cooperative structure for decentralized platforms The Resonate crowd-owning campaign Episode links: Resonate Website Resonate Crowd-Owning Campaign Resonate - Stream-to-Own Resonate - Building a Blockchain Database Epicenter 126: Trent McConaghy on BigchainDB COALA IP This episode is hosted by Brian Fabian Crain and Meher Roy. Show notes and listening options: epicenter.tv/167

Years into the controversy around how to scale Bitcoin, there have been many challengers to Bitcoin core’s dominance. After XT, Classic and others have faded, Bitcoin Unlimited has been gaining traction and emerged as plausible new way forward. Bitcoin Unlimited wants to make the block size a parameter that is set by miners and nodes, but not fixed at a network level. They argue a natural fee market would emerge, allowing Bitcoin to rapidly scale and realizing its promise of electronic cash as well as store of value. The project is also member-driven, with democratic decisions driving its development decisions. Core developer G. Andrew Stone and Bitcoin Unlimited President Andrew Clifford joined us for the episode. Topics covered in this episode: How Stone and Clifford first got involved in Bitcoin The history of the blocksize debate and Bitcoin core alternatives Why the Bitcoin block size should be determined by miners not developers The natural fee market that would arise controlling the size of Unlimited blocks How the non-profit organization behind Bitcoin Unlimited works How a transition to Bitcoin Unlimited could look like Episode links: Peter Rizun: How Bitcoin Unlimited deals with large blocks Bitcoin Unlimited Website G. Andrew Stone: Examining Effect of Single Transaction Blocks on Network Peter Rizun: A Transaction Fee Market Exists Without a Block Size Bitcoin Unlimited Member Forum Bitcoin Network Hashrate Distribution This episode is hosted by Brian Fabian Crain and Meher Roy. Show notes and listening options: epicenter.tv/166

It’s been an eventful year in the blockchain space, for the Epicenter podcast, and its hosts. Brian, Meher and Sebastien look back on 2016 and provide a few personal updates, give their thoughts and insights on how the space evolved, and make predictions on where they feel the industry will go in the next year. Topics covered in this episode: Brian, Meher and Sebastien give a few updates on their personal lives and professional projects The current state of VC funding in the blockchain space The application of blockchain technologies in enterprise and the corporate development cycle The current state of the Bitcoin and Ethereum ecosystems and provide our thoughts on their respective futures Predictions for 2017 and speculations on how the industry will continue to evolve Episode links: Bitcoin Venture Capital Funding Not Just Bitcoin: The Top 7 Cryptocurrencies All Gained in 2016 Validity Labs Stratumn Website Tendermint Cosmos - Internet of Blockchains Dictator's Handbook This episode is hosted by Brian Fabian Crain, Meher Roy and Sébastien Couture. Show notes and listening options: epicenter.tv/165